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Name ____John Youn_____ Date ___4/28/13____ Period __3__

Chapter 33 Study Guide The Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1975


Key Terms KNOW ALL OF THESE BY THE END OF THE CHAPTER!: Third World, Cold War, iron curtain, nonaligned nations, United Nations, World Bank, Korean War, Vietnam War, Cuban Missile Crisis, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Warsaw Pact, Cultural Revolution (China), European Community, Helsinki Accords, Marshall Plan, Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Truman Doctrine, Ho Chi Minh, Kwame Nkrumah, apartheid, Fidel Castro, Jawharlal Nehru, Mao Zedong

Day 1: pages 827-839, Cold War / United Nations / Capitalism and Communism, Korea/ Vietnam / Nuclear Arms
1. What was the Cold War? What was the Iron Curtain? 2. According to the introduction on p.831, what postwar phenomenon was even more important than the Cold War? Before reading, why might this be important and how might it change relations in the world? The postwar phenomenon that was even more important that the cold war itself was that the western dominance of Asia, Africa, and Latin America was largely ended and the colonial empires of the New Imperialism were gradually dismantled. The new generation of national leaders to head the states in these regions sometimes skillfully played the Cold War antagonism to their own advantage. 3. Explain what NATO was meant to do? What was the Eastern Bloc group? 4. Explain the formation and role of the United Nations. The formation of the United Nations had two main bodies: the General Assembly, with representatives from all member states; and the Security Council, with five permanent members: China, France, Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union. The roles of the United Nations include various agencies focused on specialized international problems, for example, the United Nations Childrens Emergency Fund and the Food and Agriculture Organization. Basically the United Nations have very similar job as the League of Nations. 5. What is the IMF and World Banks role in the world? (p.834) 6. How did the West and the Soviet Union differ in setting prices (834) In the Western countries, supply and the demand determined the prices where in the Soviet Union, the government priorities and agencies allocated goods and set prices based on that, irrespective of market forces.

7. What were the major differences between the capitalism in the West and Communism in Eastern Europe? How these systems contribute to the recovery of Europe after WWII? (you may repeat ideas from #5 and 6) Be DETAILED. 8. Describe the Korean War who was involved, what was the result etc. Describe the Vietnam War in the same way. The Korean War: When no agreement could be reached on holding countrywide elections, communist North Korea and noncommunist South Korea became independent states in 1948. Two years later, North Korea invaded South Korea. The United Nations came to the defense of South Korea. The United States was primary ally of South Korea while the Peoples Republic of China supported North Korea. The result of the war was the two sides eventually agreed to a truce along the line, but ceasefire lines still remain fortified, no peace treaty was concluded, and the possibility of renewed warfare between the two Koreas continued well passed the Cold War. Japan benefited from the Korean War in an unexpected way. Massive purchases of supplies by the United States and spending by American servicemen on leave provided a financial stimulus to the Japanese economy. The Vietnam War: Nothing the Americans tried, however, succeeded in stopping the Viet Cong guerrillas and their North Vietnam allies. In 1973 a treaty between North Vietnam and the United States ended the U.S. involvement in the war. 9. What was: the Marshall Plan (originally used to help Greece and Turkey- what else did it do?), the Truman Doctrine, the Helsinki Accords, Cuban Missile Crisis. 10. Explain the space race and how the Soviets and the US fared in this game. The space race is basically the development of the countries new nuclear weapons and technology. After the Soviet Union exploded its first nuclear device in 1949, fear of the worldwide holocaust grew and then became even greater when the United States exploded a far more powerful weapon, the hydrogen bomb, in 1952 and the Soviet Union followed suit less than a year later. So essential the game between these two countries is who can have the most powerful nuclear weapon. 11. Explain the Nuclear Arms Race.

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