Pumps Introduction & Classification, Alaa Omar

Centrifugal Pump
PUMPS
Introduction and Classification
Eng./ Alaa E. Omar

Rev.2, 1/2012
An Introduction to Pumping systems
From the earliest recorded times, man has used the air around him to drive his sailing ships and turn the blades of his windmills.
Sailors and shipbuilders knew through countless years of trial and error how to cut and set a sail for maximum efficiency. Why the pressure and flow of air made one shape better than another was of little interest to them.
Centrifugal Pump
An Introduction to Pumping system
Early Egyptian writings tell of Priests using simple bellows to compress air. The air was then made to "magically open and close" temple doors to the wonderments of the assembled rulers and common people.
An Introduction to to Pumping system
It wasn't until the early to mid 17th century that man started to recognize the importance of the world around him. At this time his knowledge of the air around him began to increase significantly. Spurred by the scientific awakening of the Renaissance, "natural philosophers" as scientists were then called, began to dispel the errors and superstitions which for the centuries had been divine truths.
Centrifugal Pump
Evangelista Torricelli in about 1630 discovered the principle of the barometer by being the first to measure the weight of the atmosphere. In an elegant experiment, he found it to be equivalent to a column of mercury 30 inches high.
Air, when compressed, represents a potential energy that can be used in a tremendous variety of ways. Man began to compress air and apply it to a widespread and diverse uses about 100 years ago. Early compressors were steam driven, but in other respects were essentially the same as today's models, differing only in refinement of materials and tolerances.
Centrifugal Pump
Only the sail can contend with the pump for the title of the earliest invention for the conversion of natural energy to useful work
The pump stands essentially unchallenged as the earliest form of machine for substituting natural energy for human physical effort.
The transfer of liquids against gravity existed from time immemorial. A pump is one such device that expends energy to raise, transport, or compress liquids. The earliest known pump devices go back a few thousand years.
Centrifugal Pump
From 2000 B.C. The ancient Egyptians invented water wheels with buckets mounted on them to transfer water for irrigation known as Shadouf.
The earliest pumps we know of are variously known, depending on which culture recorded their description, as old Egyptian sahdouf, Persian wheels, waterwheels,
or norias.
Centrifugal Pump
The earliest known pump devices go back a few thousand years. One such early pump device was called Noria, similar to the Persian and the Roman water wheels. Noria was used for irrigating fields
Noria water wheel (From the Ripleys believe it not)
Water wheels
Centrifugal Pump
More than 2000 years ago, a Greek inventor, Ctesibius, made a similar type of pump for pumping water
Model of a piston pump made by Ctesbius
During the same period, Archimedes, a Greek mathematician, invented what is now known as the Archimedes screw a pump designed like a screw rotating within a cylinder . The spiraled tube was set at an incline and was hand operated. This type of pump was used to drain and irrigate the Nile valley.
Centrifugal Pump
Archimedes Screw Pump
Archimedes Screw Pump
Centrifugal Pump
Force pumps, utilizing a pistonand-cylinder combination, to raise water from wells
Reciprocating hand pump in suction stroke
The most amazing type of pumps for all is the human Heart.
Centrifugal Pump
Today, in our era:

Perhaps most interesting, however, is the fact that with all the technological development that has occurred since ancient times, including the transformation from water power through other forms of energy all the way to nuclear fission, the pump remains probably the second most common machine in use, exceeded in numbers only by the electric motor.
What is a Pump?
Centrifugal Pump
Pump : is a mechanical device used to increase the

energy of an incompressible fluid
Pump
PRESSURE RATIO Liquid

Suction Pressure = Ps Suction Velocity = Us
Liquid
PUMP
Discharge Pressure = Pd Discharge Velocity = Ud
Pump = Black Box to increase Liquid Pressure
Centrifugal Pump
Pump is a mechanical device which converts
mechanical energy of its driving unit ( electric motor, diesel engine, steam turbine ,gas turbine ,wind turbine.. Etc.) to hydraulic energy . This hydraulic energy increases the energy of the pumped liquid and enabled it to overcome the static head and hydraulic losses in piping in which the pump is interposed.
( Mech. Energy )
I/P
( Hyd. Energy )
O/P
Pump in piping system
Centrifugal Pump
Pumping is the process of addition of energy to a liquid for the purpose of moving it from one point to another. This energy will cause the liquid to do work such as flow through a pipe or rise to a higher level and Pump gives pressure to fluid passing through it and discharges the fluid to the outside.
Centrifugal Pump
Pump applications:
Water supply: To supply water to inhabited areas.
Drainage: To control the level of water in a protected area. Sewage: To collect and treat sewage. Irrigation: To make dry lands agriculturally productive. Chemical industry: To transport fluids to and from various sites in the chemical plant.
Petroleum industry: Used in every phase of petroleum production,

transportation, and refinery.
Pharmaceutical and medical field: To transfer of chemicals in drug
manufacture; pump fluids in and out of the body. Steel mills: To transport cooling water. Construction: Bypass pumping, well-point dewatering, remediation, and general
site pumping applications.
Mining: Heavy-duty construction, wash water, dust control fines and tailings
pumping, site dewatering, groundwater control, and water runoff. Others: as an auxiliary or sub system in many machines, equipment.
Pump applications
Lifting pump. Circulating pump. Boosting pump.
Centrifugal Pump
Lifting Pump
Circulating pump
Centrifugal Pump
Boosting pump
An Introduction to Pumping System
For pumping, the different types of pump can be subdivided into two broad groups based on pumping mode. Pumps may be divided into two major categories: Roto-Dynamic . Displacement.
Centrifugal Pump
Pumps
Displacement Positive displacement Reciprocating Piston Diaphragm Rotary Gear Screw Vane Radial piston Parallel piston Radial flow Dynamic Mixed flow Non-Mech Axial flow Dynamic
Centrifugal Pump
PUMPS
Displacement Dynamic
Positive displacement pumps, which lift a given volume for each cycle of operation, acted upon it then discharged before repeat the cycle.
Roto-dynamic pumps raise the pressure of the liquid by first imparting velocity energy to it and then converting this to pressure energy. These are also called centrifugal pumps.
PUMPS
in which energy is periodically added by application of force to one or more movable boundaries of any desired number of enclosed, fluidcontaining volumes, resulting in a direct increase in pressure up to the value required to move the fluid through valves or ports into the discharge line.
in which energy is continuously added to increase the fluid velocities within the machine to values greater than those occurring at the discharge so subsequent velocity reduction within or beyond the pump produces a pressure increase.
Centrifugal Pump
PUMPS
Displacement
Pump has a cavity filled with liquid, during operation, from the suction side and then displaced to the delivery side. When the delivery side is closed the liquid is accumulated in pump cavity generating very high pressure ,this may cause pump.
Dynamic pump has a rotating
impeller transforms mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and add it to the liquid contained in pump casing. Thus increases the liquid energy, through a predetermined value of Pressure rise, thus enables the liquid to flow to another point of high static level.

Type Classification by structure Classification by operation method Specifics This type of pump sucks in fluid through reciprocating movement of piston or plunger, and discharges fluid by pressing with required amount of pressure. It is used when high pressure is required even though the amount of discharge is small. This type of pump sucks in fluid through the rotation movement of rotor, and has the advantage of little pulsation due to the special characteristics in operation.
Reciprocating pump Positive displacement pump
- Piston pump - Plunger pump - Diaphragm pump
Rotary pump
Gear pump Screw pump Vane pump Lobe pump Parallel piston
Centrifugal Pump
Dynamic pump Kinetic pump
- Radial flow - Mixed flow - Axial flow
This type of pump transfers energy to fluid through centrifugal / axial force by impeller rotation and through the changes of size and direction of section area of passage, and converts velocity energy to pressure energy in volute chamber or diffuser.
Special pump
- Jet pump - Gas lift pump
This type of pump has a low efficiency and is not used except for a special purpose.
An Introduction to Pumping system Selection of Pump
Centrifugal Pump
Fluid Mechanics
Hydrostatic Hydrodynamic
Hydrostatic
Pressure :
A column of liquid will cause a pressure at its base owing to its own weight.
Weight of column = Volume * Weight per unit volume = Ah * w Pressure = Weight / Area = Ahw / A = wh = gh
Centrifugal Pump
Hydrostatic Pressure =
P= gh : density h g h : head : gravity acceleration
P1
P2 then
= F 1 = F2 = F3
P3
if A1 = A2 = A3
Pascals Laws:
1 - The pressure will be the same through a fluid which is at rest provided the effect of the weight of the fluid is neglected. 2 - This static pressure acts equally in all directions at the same time. 3 - This pressure always acts at right angles to any surfaces in contact with the fluid.
Centrifugal Pump
1- Continuity Equation : Q1 Q1=Q2

Flow rate Q = Volume V / Time t Volume V = Area A * Length L Speed v = Length L / Time t Q=A*L/t =A/t*v *t= A*v
Hydrodynamic
Q2
2 - Bernoulli's Equation : In fluid flow, the total energy is constant at each section , provided that the fluid doesnt gain or loss energy with the environment. Potential Energy Kinds of Energy: Pressure Energy Kinetic Energy
Hydrodynamic
Centrifugal Pump
2.
Bernoulli's Equation:
Where:
E = P/g + Z + V2/2g
E=Total energy/unit weight Z= Potential energy/unit weight P/g= pressure energy/ unit weight v2/2g = kinetic energy/unit weight
For ideal fluid: E1 =E2
z1 p1 /
V / 2g 1
z2
p2 /
V2 / 2 g
For real fluid: E1 = E2 + losses
z1
p1 /
V12 / 2 g
z2
p2 /
V22 / 2 g hL
Centrifugal Pump
Fluid Flow
Force Friction
Movement = A force has to be applied to overcome friction Flow = A pressure difference must be between the pipe ends direction of flow : from higher pressure to lower one
Fluid Flow
Three important characteristics of a pump system: Pressure is the driving force responsible for the movement of the fluid. Friction is the force that slows down fluid particles. Flow rate is the amount of volume that is displaced per unit time. The
Centrifugal Pump
Pumps
Pumps
Centrifugal Pump
Non-Mech. Pumps: Jet pump ,Air Lift Pump... Uses available pressurized fluid to lift another fluid. No mech. Parts = less operation & troubles but low operating efficiency.
Non-Mech. Pumps: Jet pump ,Air Lift Pump...
Centrifugal Pump
Non-Mech. Pumps: Jet pump ,Air Lift Pump...
Non-Mech. Pumps: Jet pump ,Air Lift Pump... A high pressure, high velocity jet discharge is used to pump a larger volume of fluid.
Advantages
Disadvantage Uses
inefficient
no moving parts self priming handles solids easily
deep well pumping pumping water mixed with solids
Centrifugal Pump
Non-Mech. Pumps: Ejectors
The ejector uses a nozzle to accelerate the motive gas into the suction chamber where the gas to be compressed is admitted at right angles to the motive gas direction. The ejector is widely used as a vacuum pump, where it is staged when required to achieve deeper vacuum levels.
Pumps
Centrifugal Pump
Roto-dynamic pump Radial Centrifugal pump
A centrifugal pump is a rotating machine in which flow and pressure are generated dynamically. The inlet is not walled off from the outlet as is the case with positive displacement pumps, whether they are reciprocating or rotary in configuration. All impeller pumps are rotodynamic, including those with radial-flow, mixed-flow, and axial-flow impellers: the term centrifugal pump tends to encompass all rotodynamic pumps.
Centrifugal Pump
Roto-dynamic Radial Centrifugal pump

Centrifugal Pumps are more economic in service and require less maintenance than other types.
A centrifugal pump transforms mechanical energy from a rotating impeller into a kinetic and pressure energy required by the system.
Roto-dynamic Centrifugal pump

Convert the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by centrifugal force on the liquid Used to move liquids through a piping system Has two main components: 1. Stationary componets: casing, casing cover and bearings 2. Rotating components: impeller and shaft Classified into three categories ; Radial Flow, Mixed Flow, Axial Flow
Centrifugal Pump

Simplest piece of equipment in any process plant. Constitute the most common type of pumping machinery

Energy changes occur by virtue of impeller and volute Liquid is fed into the pump at the center of a rotating impeller and thrown outward by centrifugal force The conversion of kinetic energy into pressure energy supplies the pressure difference between the suction side and delivery side of the pump
Centrifugal Pump

Rotation of the impeller blades produces a reduction in pressure at the center of the impeller. This causes liquid to flow onto the impeller from the suction nozzle thrown outwards along the blades by centrifugal force leaving the blade tips via the pump volute finally leaving the discharge nozzle, in a smooth, non pulsating flow.
Impeller Rotation Liquid into impeller eye from pump suction
In a centrifugal pump, the liquid is forced by atmospheric or other pressure into a set of rotating vanes.
Centrifugal Pump
These vanes constitute an impeller that discharges the liquid at its periphery at a higher velocity by centrifugal force.
Diffuser Impeller
Centrifugal Pump
This velocity is converted to pressure energy by means of a Volute or by a set of stationary diffusion vanes surrounding the impeller periphery.
Centrifugal Pump
Simple volute pump
Diffuser pump
Finally, the liquid is collected at the discharge flange to exit the pump with higher pressure.
Centrifugal Pump
Roto-dynamic Centrifugal pump Types
Roto-dynamic Centrifugal pump Single stage Multistage
A pump in which the head is developed by a single impeller
A pump in which the total head is developed by the use of two or more impellers operating in a series, each taking its suction from the discharge of the preceding impeller.
Centrifugal Pump
Series
Flow ____same adds Head ________
Parallel
adds Flow ____ Head __same___
Roto-dynamic Centrifugal pump Advantages Simple in construction and cheap Handle liquid with large amounts of solids No metal to metal fits No valves involved in pump operation Maintenance costs are lower
Centrifugal Pump
Roto-dynamic Centrifugal pump Disadvantages Cannot handle highly viscous fluids efficiently Cannot be operated at high heads Maximum efficiency holds over a narrow range of conditions
Pumps
Intermittent flow Positive displacement Reciprocating Mechanical piston Rotary Helical lobe Straight lobe Sliding vans Liquid piston Radial flow Dynamic Mixed flow Non-Mech Axial flow Dynamic
Centrifugal Pump
Axial Pump propeller pumps also known as _______ low head (less than 12 m) high flows (above 20 L/s)
Pumps
Intermittent flow Positive displacement Reciprocating Mechanical piston Rotary Helical lobe Straight lobe Sliding vans Liquid piston Radial flow Dynamic Mixed flow Non-Mech Axial flow Roto-Dynamic
Centrifugal Pump
(a) Radial flow, Vertical (c) Radial flow, Horizontal
(b) Mixed flow (d) Axial flow
Pumps
Centrifugal Pump
Positive Displacement Pumps To move fluids positive displacement pumps admit a fixed volume of liquid from the inlet into a chamber and eject it into the discharge. Positive displacement pumps are used when higher head increases are required. Generally they do not increase velocity.
Positive Displacement Pumps
Displacement occurs when a solid object occupies the space of a fluid. When the solid object occupies the space of the fluid, the fluid is forced to move. In a positive displacement pump, the moving parts of the pump (pumping element) occupy the space of (displace) the liquid and force the liquid out of the pump.
Centrifugal Pump
Pumps
Displacement Positive displacement Reciprocating Piston/Plunger Diaphragm Rotary Gear Screw Vane Radial piston Parallel piston Radial flow Dynamic Mixed flow Non-Mech Axial flow Dynamic
Positive displacement pumps Piston Reciprocating pumps The liquid is moved by means of a piston in a cylinder after being drawn into the cylinder, through an inlet valve, as the piston moves down the cylinder. As the piston moves back up the cylinder the liquid is discharged at a pre-set pressure controlled by delivery valve.
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Piston Reciprocating pumps These are commonly used to move viscous liquids, inject chemicals or additives into a system. Reciprocating pumps are used where a precise amount of liquid is required to be delivered, also where the delivery pressure required is higher than can be achieved with other types.
Positive displacement pumps Piston Reciprocating pumps
When the pump piston moves back, it creates suction (vacuum) in the cylinder. Suction pressure is strong enough to overcome the tension of the suction valve spring. Liquid is sucked into the cylinder and fills the chamber.
When the piston moves forward, the pressure of the liquid in the cylinder pushes the discharge outlet valve open. The liquid is forced into the discharge pipeline. A spring and the pressure inside the cylinder hold the suction inlet
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Piston Reciprocating pumps Single and double Acting Piston Pumps
Centrifugal Pump

The power pump is a positive displacement device. When operating, it will continue to deliver flow independent of the pressure in the discharge piping system. Unlike a centrifugal pump, a power pump will not deadhead or go back on its curve in response to increasing discharge pressure. When this pressure exceeds the design limits of the pump, mechanical failureoften catastrophicwill result.

For this reason, all piping systems incorporating power pumps must have discharge pressure relief devices to limit the pressure in the piping system and avoid pump failure. These devices must be located between the discharge connection on the pump and the first isolation valve in the piping system.
Centrifugal Pump

consisting of one or more cylinders, each containing a piston or plunger. The pistons or plungers are driven through slidercrank mechanisms and a crankshaft from an external source.
Positive Displacement Pumps Reciprocating pumps Construction
Centrifugal Pump
Pumps
Positive displacement pumps Diaphragm pumps Rod is moved to push and pull the diaphragm. Can be used to make artificial hearts.
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Reciprocating Diaphragm pumps
Pumps
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps

Rotary pumps are used to move heavy or very viscous fluids such as grease, asphalt, heavy fuel oil and sometimes heavy crude oils. Instead of centrifugal force or reciprocating action , rotary pumps use various mechanical means such as gear, cam and screw, to move the fluid. Rotary pumps function with close clearances such that a fixed volume of liquid is displaced with each revolution of the internal element.
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps

Pumping in a vane, gear, or lobe pump begins with the rotating and stationary parts of the pump defining a given volume or cavity of fluid enclosure. This enclosure is initially open to the pump inlet but sealed from the pump outlet and expands as the pump rotates. As rotation continues, the volume progresses through the pump to a point where it is no longer open to the pump inlet but not yet open to the pump outlet. It is in this intermediate stage where the pumping volume or cavity is completely formed. Rotation continues and the cavities progress, moving fluid along the way. Soon a point is reached where the seal between the captured fluid volume and outlet part of the pump is breached. At this point the vanes, gears, or lobes force the volume of captured fluid out of the pump.
How They Work ?...
Centrifugal Pump
Pumps
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps Gear pump

Evidenced by drawings dating back to the 16th century, the gear pump is one of the oldest pumps of any type. It is also the most common of all rotary pumps due to the wide variety of applications it can be used in. Gear pumps have two gears that mesh to provide its pumping action, with one gear driving the other.
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Gear pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Gear pump
Fluid is trapped between gear teeth and the housing
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps Gear pump As the teeth come out of mesh, liquid flows into the pump and is carried between the teeth and the casing to the discharge side of the pump The teeth come back into mesh and the liquid is forced out the discharge port

Gear pumps are classified as external or internal
External gear pumps
Internal gear pumps
Centrifugal Pump

External gear pumps
external gear pumps can be either timed or
untimed. External gear pumps have their gear teeth cut on their external or outside diameter and
mesh about their outside diameters. Bearings support the shafts at both ends with the gears located between the bearings. This resists shaft deflection and contact between the gears and casing wall, enabling the pump to operate at higher pressures and with less overall wear over time than would otherwise be possible.

Internal gear pumps
Internal gear pumps, on the other hand, have one larger gear (rotor) with gear teeth cut internally on the major diameter meshing with and driving a smaller externally cut gear (idler). Pumps of this type can be with or without a crescent-shaped partition to define the cavity chamber volume.
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps Gear pump Gears create voids as they come out of mesh and liquid flows into the cavities As the gears come back into mesh, the volume is reduced and the liquid is forced out of the discharge port
Centrifugal Pump
Pumps
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Screw Pumps

Screw pumps are a special type of
rotary positive displacement pump in which the flow through the pumping elements is truly axial. The liquid is carried between screw threads on one or more rotors and is displaced axially as the screws rotate and mesh The screw pump can handle liquids in a range of viscosities, from molasses to gasoline, as well as synthetic liquids in a pressure range from 50 to 5000 lb/in2 (3.5 to 350 bar) and flows up to 8000 gal/min (1820 m3/h).
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Screw Pumps Screw pumps carry fluid in the spaces between the screw threads. The fluid is displaced axially as the screws mesh.
In all other rotary pumps, the liquid is forced to travel circumferentially, thus giving the screw pump with its unique axial flow pattern and low internal velocities a number of advantages in many applications where liquid agitation or churning is objectionable.
Centrifugal Pump

Screw pumps are generally classified into single- or multiple-rotor types.
The single-screw or progressive cavity pump
Multiple-screw single-end arrangement.

The single-screw or progressive cavity pump has a rotor thread that is eccentric to the axis of rotation and meshes with internal threads of the stator (rotor housing or body). Alternatively, the stator is made to wobble along the pump centerline.
Centrifugal Pump

Multiple-rotor is further divided into timed and untimed categories.
Multiple-screw pumps are available in a variety of configurations and designs. All employ one driven rotor in a mesh and one or more sealing rotors. Several manufacturers have two basic configurations available: single-end and double-end.

Because of the relatively low inertia of their rotating parts, screw pumps are capable of operating at higher speeds than other rotary or reciprocating pumps of comparable displacement. Some turbine-attached lubricating oil pumps operate at 10,000 rpm and even higher.
Pressure gradient along a screw set.
Centrifugal Pump
Advantages :
A wide range of flows and pressures.
A wide range of liquids and viscosities. High speed capability, allowing the freedom of driver selection. Low internal velocities. Self-priming, with good suction characteristics. A high tolerance for entrained air and other gases. Low velocities for minimum churning or foaming. Low mechanical vibration, pulsation-free flow, and quiet operation. A rugged, compact design that is easy to install and maintain. High tolerance to contamination in comparison with other rotary pumps.
Disadvantages :
A relatively high cost because of close tolerances and running
clearances. Performance characteristics sensitive to viscosity changes. High pressure capability requires long pumping elements.
Centrifugal Pump
Pumps
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Pumps Sliding Vane Pump It consists of a single rotor mounted eccentrically in a cylinder slightly larger than the rotor. The rotor has a series of radial slots, which hold a set of vanes.
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Pumps Sliding Vane pump The vanes are free to move radially within the rotor slots. They maintain contact with the cylinder wall by centrifugal force generated as the rotor turns.
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Pumps Sliding Vane pump
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Pumps Sliding Vane pump The vanes are in slots in the rotor. Rotor spins, centrifugal force pushes the vanes out to touch the casing, where they trap and propel fluid.
Pumps
Displacement Positive displacement Reciprocating Piston Diaphragm Rotary Gear Screw Vane Parallel piston Radial piston Radial flow Dynamic Mixed flow Non-Mech Axial flow Dynamic
Centrifugal Pump
Positive Displacement Pumps Rotary Pumps
Parallel Cylinder Piston Pump
Pumps
Displacement Positive displacement Reciprocating Piston Diaphragm Rotary Gear Screw Vane Parallel piston Radial piston Radial flow Dynamic Mixed flow Non-Mech Axial flow Dynamic
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Pumps
Radial Piston pump
Pumps
Displacement Positive displacement Reciprocating Piston Diaphragm Rotary
Gear Screw Vane Radial piston Parallel piston Lobe
Dynamic
Dynamic Radial flow Mixed flow
Non-Mech Axial flow
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps lobe Rotary Pump

The lobe pump receives its name from the rounded shape of the rotor radial surfaces that permits the rotors to be continuously in contact with each other as they rotate. Lobe pumps can be either single- or multiple-lobe pumps and carry fluid between their rotor lobes much in the same way a gear pump does. Unlike gear pumps, however, neither the number of lobes nor their shape permits one rotor to drive the other, and so all true lobe pumps require timing gears.
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps Two-lobe Rotary Pump
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps Two-lobe Rotary Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps Three-lobe Rotary Pump
Fluid is carried between the rotor teeth and the pumping chamber The rotor surfaces create continuous sealing Rotors include bi-wing, tri-lobe, and multi-lobe configurations
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary Lobe pump
Pumps
Gear Screw Vane Radial piston Parallel piston Others
Dynamic
Non-Mech Axial flow
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps Peristaltic pump

Fluid only contacts tubing Tubing and roller with respect to the tubing determine flow rate Tubing eventually fails from fatigue and abrasion Fluid may leak past roller at high pressures Viscous fluids may be pumped more slowly
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps Peristaltic Pump
Centrifugal Pump
Positive displacement pumps Rotary pumps Finger Pump

This specification contains references to the following industry codes and standards: 1. American Petroleum Institute (API)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 610, Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Heavy Duty Chemical, and Gas Industry Services. 674, Positive Displacement Pumps - Reciprocating. 675, Positive Displacement Pumps - Controlled Volume. 677. General Purpose Gear Units for Refinery Service. 682, Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps.
2.
1. 2.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

B73.1M, Horizontal End Suction Centrifugal Pumps for Chemical Process. B73.2M, Vertical In-Line Centrifugal Pumps for Chemical Process
3.
1. 2.
Process Industry Practices (PIP)

RESP73H-97, Specification for Horizontal End Suction Centrifugal Pumps. RESP73V-97, Specification for Vertical Centrifugal Pumps.
Centrifugal Pump
Conclusion
Gear Screw Vane Radial piston Parallel piston
Pumps
Dynamic
Non-Mech Axial flow
Others
Centrifugal Pump
Conclusion
Conclusion
Centrifugal Pump
Centrifugal Pump
Centrifugal Pump

Pumps Introduction &amp; Classification, Alaa Omar

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Pumps Introduction &amp; Classification, Alaa Omar

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Centrifugal Pump

Eng./ Alaa E. Omar

An Introduction to Pumping systems

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping systems

An Introduction to Pumping systems

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping systems

An Introduction to Pumping systems

An Introduction to Pumping systems

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

Model of a piston pump made by Ctesbius

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

Archimedes Screw Pump

An Introduction to Pumping system

Archimedes Screw Pump

An Introduction to Pumping system

Force pumps, utilizing a pistonand-cylinder combination, to raise water from wells

Reciprocating hand pump in suction stroke

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

Today, in our era:

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping systems

Pump : is a mechanical device used to increase the

An Introduction to Pumping system

PRESSURE RATIO Liquid

Discharge Pressure = Pd Discharge Velocity = Ud

Pump = Black Box to increase Liquid Pressure

An Introduction to Pumping systems

Pump is a mechanical device which converts

An Introduction to Pumping system

Pump in piping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping systems

Water supply: To supply water to inhabited areas.

Petroleum industry: Used in every phase of petroleum production,

Pharmaceutical and medical field: To transfer of chemicals in drug

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping System

An Introduction to Pumping System

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping System

An Introduction to Pumping System

An Introduction to Pumping System

Dynamic pump has a rotating

An Introduction to Pumping system

Reciprocating pump Positive displacement pump

- Piston pump - Plunger pump - Diaphragm pump

An Introduction to Pumping system

Dynamic pump Kinetic pump

- Radial flow - Mixed flow - Axial flow

- Jet pump - Gas lift pump

An Introduction to Pumping system Selection of Pump

An Introduction to Pumping system

An Introduction to Pumping system

Pumps Introduction & Classification, Alaa Omar

Pumps Introduction & Classification, Alaa Omar

Flow same adds Head ____

adds Flow Head same_