Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Introduction to Membrane Separations

1

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

What is a membrane?

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Separation of components of a mixture

Membrane processes are not based in y equilibrium q but based in the thermodynamic different transport rate of each species g the membrane. through There are many separation operations where a membrane is the responsible of the selective separation of the compounds.

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Examples of membrane based selective separations

Dialysis Gas permeation (GP). (GP) Electro-dialysis (ED). Li id membranes Liquid b Pervaporation.

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

I others, In h the h membrane b i is not di directly l responsible ibl for the separation but it actively participates:

Membrane extraction. Membrane distillation. Osmotic distillation.

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Type of filtration filtration.

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Simple scheme of a membrane module.

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

(Very) Simple scheme for some mechanisms of selective separation on a porous membrane.
Synthetic membranes are solid barriers that allow preferentially to pass specific compounds due to some driving force.

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

The separation p ability y of a synthetic y material depends on its physical, chemical properties.

Pore size and structure Design Chemical characteristics Electrical charge

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

The membranes can be roughly g y divided in two main groups: porous and non porous. -Porous give separation p due to... membranes g Size Shape Charge...of Charge of the species species.

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Non porous membranes give separation due to...

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Selective adsorption Diff i Diffusion ...of the species.

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Membrane processes and driving force.

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Main parameters

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Main parameters. parameters

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Main parameters
Passive transport in membranes. The permeate flux is proportional to a given driving force (some difference in a property).

Driving g forces:
Pressure (total or partial) Concentration Electric Potential
CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Membrane classification

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Structure:

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Configuration and modules

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

Configuration

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006

Workshop on Recent Advances and Challenges of Biotechnology Process

CHL / NIT -Dec 2006