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Hydrogen, H2, Physical properties, safety, MSDS, enthalpy, material compatibility, gas liquid equilibrium, density, viscosity, flammability, transport proper
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Gas Encyclopedia
Safety Datasheets (SDS)

Clean Air Liquide > Gas Encyclopedia Your PC (Free)

User Guide Dow nload the application for iPad

Gas Encyclopedia

Optimize the Speed of The Air Liquide Gas Encyclopedia ensures that you can quickly find full information on more than 135 gas molecules. Forin even more features, download the application for iPad! your PC less than 2 Airminutes. Liquide and Try its research teams are making reference content on gases available to students, scientists, professional users, and everyone interested. Now.
Thanks to the Air Liquide Gas Encyclopedia, you will be able to: Find all of the physical properties of gases (the main physical characteristics of molecules in their solid, liquid and gaseous or supercritical states), Calculate the correspondence between the gaseous and liquid phase for a given weight or volume of gas, Calculate the liquid phase density all along the liquid-vapor balance curve for nitrogen, carbon dioxide , argon, hydrogen or oxygen, Download the vapor pressure curve for some gases, View the Safety Datasheets (SDS), Discover the main applications of these gases in industry and healthcare, Check Adv material ertisement compatibility.

Download the Gas Encyclopedia for iPad

Application for iPad: Demo

Using the Encyclopedia


You can run a search by entering a chemical formula, a UN transportation code or by choosing a molecule name from the drop-down menu. Having trouble? Refer to our User Guide .

Gas selection
Chemical Formula Name UN Transportation Code

Hydrogen [EN] Aprs avoir slectionn une molcule, vous pourrez choisir les units dans lesquelles vous voulez voir afficher les valeurs numriques. To discover all of the features offered by the Gas Encyclopedia for iPad application. Watch the demo

H2 Hydrogen CAS Number : 1333-74-0 UN1049 (gas); UN1966 (liquid refrigerated) ;Dihydrogen;

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Main applications Gas Properties Vapor Pressure Graph Liquid Gas Conversion Safety Data Sheets Major Hazards Material compatibility

You are a research lab? To supply or calibrate your analyzer w ith pure gas or a mixture, refer to our catalog of gases and equipment. View our Specialty gases catalog Discover the full range of Air Liquide products Contact us

Hydrogen, H2: THE GREEN GAS Discovered by Henry Cavendish in 1766, hydrogen owes it name to Lavoisier, who combined the Greek hydor, water, and genen, to engender. It is the lightest gas in the world and therefore is not held by the earths gravity. Hydrogen is only found in the atmosphere at trace levels ; it is synthetized from hydrocarbons (petroleum and petroleum by-products) and from water where it constitutes the lightest fraction of the H2O molecule. Hydrogen gas is colorless, highly flammable, very light, cannot sustain life and reacts

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Hydrogen, H2, Physical properties, safety, MSDS, enthalpy, material compatibility, gas liquid equilibrium, density, viscosity, flammability, transport proper

easily with other chemical substances. The fuel cell The world dreams about driving in a silent car that doesnt pollute! Hydrogen is a clean energy carrier. Used in a fuel cell, it combines with oxygen to efficiently produce electricity and doesnt emit anything except water. A REACTANT PRIZED BY THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES; AN EXCELLENT CLEAN ENERGY CARRIER

Hydrogen: SUPPLY MODE

Cylinders, Liquefied gas tank, Pipeline , On-site generator ,

Main applications
Industries
Food and Beverage

Applications
Pure hydrogen is used for the production of plastics, polyester and nylon. H2 gas is also used in the hydrogenation of amines and fatty acids (food oils).

Glass, Cement and Lime

Hydrogen is an active gas used in combination with nitrogen to create a reductive atmosphere over the tin bath in the FLOAT glass process. Hydrogen is used for heat treatment (oxy-hydrogen flame) of the hollow glass and the optic fibers pre-forms.

Metals industry Laboratories & analysis

Reductive atmosphere for various processes of heat treatment. Hydrogen is used as a carrier gas in gas chromatography and in various analytical instrument applications, most commonly as a fuel component of combustion gases for Flame Ionization (FID) and Flame Photometric (FPD) detectors. Spark discharge analyzers, total hydrocarbons measurements use also hydrogen mixtures.

Welding, Cutting & Coating

Heat treatment of various metals

Oil and Gas Electronics

Desulfurization of fuel-oil and gasoline Hydrogen is used as carrier gas in semiconductor processes, especially for silicon deposition or crystal growing and as a scavenger gas in atmosphere soldering as well as for annealing copper films. The use of forming gases (that is H2 diluted in nitrogen) allows virtually a complete elimination of oxygen and its inconveniences in medium to high temperature processes.

Space and Aeronautics

Hydrogen is used in their liquid states as ergols for the propulsion of the cryogenic stages of the Ariane rocket.

Automotive & transportation

Hydrogen is a carbon-free energy source used in the fuel cells.


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Gas Properties
Molecular Weight Solid phase Molecular weight : 2.016 g/mol Melting point : -259 C Latent heat of fusion (1,013 bar, at triple point) : 58.158 kJ/kg Liquid density (1.013 bar at boiling point) : 70.973 kg/m3 Liquid/gas equivalent (1.013 bar and 15 C (59 F)) : 844 vol/vol Boiling point (1.013 bar) : -252.8 C Latent heat of vaporization (1.013 bar at boiling point) : 454.3 kJ/kg

Liquid phase

Density & temperature calculation of the liquid phase


Given the pressure (in bar), this module calculates the temperature and the density of the liquid phase on the liquid-gas equilibrium curve

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Hydrogen, H2, Physical properties, safety, MSDS, enthalpy, material compatibility, gas liquid equilibrium, density, viscosity, flammability, transport proper
bar
Calculate

Enter the pressure in bar (between 1 and 13)

Critical point

Critical temperature : -240 C Critical pressure : 12.98 bar Critical density : 30.09 kg/m3 Triple point temperature : -259.3 C Triple point pressure : 0.072 bar Gas density (1.013 bar at boiling point) : 1.312 kg/m3 Gas density (1.013 bar and 15 C (59 F)) : 0.085 kg/m3 Compressibility Factor (Z) (1.013 bar and 15 C (59 F)) : 1.001 Specific gravity (air = 1) (1.013 bar and 21 C (70 F)) : 0.0696 Specific volume (1.013 bar and 21 C (70 F)) : 11.986 m3/kg Heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp) (1 bar and 25 C (77 F)) : 0.029 kJ/(mol.K) Heat capacity at constant volume (Cv) (1 bar and 25 C (77 F)) : 0.021 kJ/(mol.K) Ratio of specific heats (Gamma:Cp/Cv) (1 bar and 25 C (77 F)) : 1.384259 Viscosity (1.013 bar and 15 C (59 F)) : 0.0000865 Poise Thermal conductivity (1.013 bar and 0 C (32 F)) : 168.35 mW/(m.K) Solubility in water (1.013 bar and 0 C (32 F)) : 0.0214 vol/vol Concentration in air : 0.00005 vol % Autoignition temperature : 560 C
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Triple point

Gaseous phase

Miscellaneous

Vapor Pressure Graph


The vapor pressure curve may be obtained by clicking on the image. On the graph, pressure is in bar or 0.1 MPa, temperature in K or C. The critical point is indicated by a black spot on the liquid-vapor equilibrium curve.
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Liquid Gas Conversion


Liquid to gas conversion
This module enables a volume (measured at 1 atmosphere and boiling point) or a mass of liquid gas to be converted into a volume or a mass of gas measured at 1 atmosphere and 15 C. Data : liquid Phase Input the volume (m3 ) or mass (kg)
Calculate

Gas to liquid conversion

This module enables a volume (measured at 1 atmosphere and 15 C) or a mass of gas in gaseous phase to be converted into a mass or a volume of liquid (measured at 1 atmosphere and boiling point). Data : Gas Phase Input the volume

(m3 ) or mass

(kg)
Go back to choosing the units Calculate Top of the page

Safety Data Sheets


Safety Data Sheets (SDS) include information on product ingredients, physical and chemical properties, potential effects on toxicology and ecology, identification of hazards, handling and storage instructions, as well as personnel protection recommendations and information related to transportation requirements, first-aid and emergency processes.

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Major Hazards
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Hydrogen, H2, Physical properties, safety, MSDS, enthalpy, material compatibility, gas liquid equilibrium, density, viscosity, flammability, transport proper

Major hazard : Fire and High Pressure Toxicity (Am. Conf. Of Gov. Ind. Hygienists ACGIH 2000 Edition) : Simple Asphyxiant Flammability limits in air (STP conditions) : 4.0-75 vol% Odour : None UN Number : UN1049 (gas); UN1966 (liquid refrigerated) EINECS Number : 215-605-7 DOT Label (USA) : FG DOT Hazard class (USA) : Flammable Gas
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Material compatibility
Air Liquide has assembled data on the compatibility of gases with materials to assist you in evaluating which products to use for a gas system. Although the information has been compiled from what Air Liquide believes are reliable sources (International Standards: Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas content; Part 1: ISO 11114-1 (Jul 1998), Part 2: ISO 11114-2 (Mar 2001)), it must be used with extreme caution. No raw data such as this can cover all conditions of concentration, temperature, humidity, impurities and aeration. It is therefore recommended that this table is used to choose possible materials and then more extensive investigation and testing is carried out under the specific conditions of use. The collected data mainly concern high pressure applications at ambiant temperature and the safety aspect of material compatibity rather than the quality aspect.

Material
Metals

Compatibility

Aluminium Brass

Satisfactory Satisfactory

Copper

Satisfactory

Ferritic Steels (e.g. Carbon steels) Stainless Steel

Satisfactory but risk of embrittlement by hydrogen. Satisfactory but risk of embrittlement by hydrogen.

Titanium

Not satisfactory, risk of embrittlement

Plastics

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

Acceptable but strong rate of permeation.

Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) Satisfactory Vinylidene polyfluoride (PVDF) (KYNAR) Polyamide (PA) (NYLON) Polypropylene (PP) Satisfactory

Satisfactory

Acceptable but strong rate of permeation.

Elastomers

Buthyl (isobutene - isoprene) rubber Satisfactory (IIR) Nitrile rubber (NBR) Satisfactory

Chloroprene (CR)

Satisfactory

Chlorofluorocarbons (FKM) (VITON) Satisfactory Silicon (Q) Acceptable but strong rate of permeation.

Ethylene - Propylene (EPDM)

Satisfactory

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Hydrogen, H2, Physical properties, safety, MSDS, enthalpy, material compatibility, gas liquid equilibrium, density, viscosity, flammability, transport proper

Lubricants

Hydrocarbon based lubricant

Satisfactory

Fluorocarbon based lubricant

Satisfactory
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Selection of the units


You can choose the units in which the values are displayed. By default, SI units are selected.

Quantity Mass Volume Pressure Temperature Density Enthalpy Heat Capacity

Units kg m3 bar C lb ft3 psi F g l kPa K lb/ft3 Btu/lb R mol/l kJ/mol (lb-mol)/ft3 kcal/kg kJ/(kg.K) kcal/mol Btu/lb-mol

kg/m3 kJ/kg

kJ/(mol.K) kcal/(kg.K) cal/(mol.K)

Btu/(lb.F) J/(mol.K) Pa.s

Btu/(lb-mol.F)

Viscosity Thermal Conductivity

Poise

lb/(ft.s)

Pa.s cal.cm/(h.cm2.C) W/(m.K)

mW/(m.K)

Btu.ft/(h.ft2.F)

(cal.cm)/(s.cm2.C) Concentration Solubility Specific volume vol % vol/vol m3/kg vol ppm lb/ft3 ft3/lb vol/vol (lb-mol)/ft3 l/mol mol/l g/l

ft3/lb-mol
Click to change the values

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