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Math 275

Exam 1

13 December 2011

Notes, books, calculators, and computers are not allowed on this exam. Organize your work in an unambiguous order. Show all necessary steps. You will not be given credit for any work you do not show. Remember that all answers need explanations! (I.e., no answers without any words.) If your work wont t in the space provided, clearly indicate where it is continued. Use the blank page at the end for scratch. I recommend that you dont start on the extra credit question until you have nished all that you can on the other questions. Cross out; dont erase! If you write something correct, change your mind, and cross it out so that I can still read it, I will give you partial credit. But only if I can still read it! I give hints sometimes. Ask me if youre stuck or confused. Good luck! Honor code statement: I have obeyed and will obey the honor code in regard to this exam. Signed:

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total:

Points 24 20 16 16 24 0 100

Score

Doctor, doctor, give me the news. Ive got a bad case of lovin you. . . .

1. (24 points) Please put your answers in terms of sums, differences, products, quotients, factorials, and powers. (Not binomial coecients.) Alice and Bob are going to a Doctor Who convention, and they expect to see a lot of people in Doctor Who costumes. They are on the look out for ve items from dierent versions of the costume: the poofy shirt, the long scarf, the cricket uniform, the tennis shoes, and the bow tie. (No one ever wears more than one of these.) (a) Suppose Alice and Bob keep a list of the rst twenty people they see with a costume item and which costume item it is. How many possible lists could there be?

(b) Now suppose that Alice and Bob see 4 poofy shirts, 8 long scarves, 1 cricket uniform, 1 person with tennis shoes, and 6 bow ties. Now how many possible lists could there be?

(c) Instead of a list, suppose Alice and Bob just tally the number of people they see with each costume item. If they see twenty dierent people with costume items, how many dierent ways can the tally sheet come out? (The order of items on the sheet doesnt change, only the tally for each item.)

2. (20 points) Please put your answers in terms of sums, differences, products, quotients, factorials, and powers. (Not binomial coecients.) The convention organizers are putting on a panel of people who have worked on the Doctor Who television show. They have 7 people available who worked on the old series and 9 people who worked on the new series. (a) How many ways are there to put together a panel of 6 people if there must be at least 2 from each series, if the seating positions are not important?

(b) Two of the people who worked on the old series had a ght 30 years ago and wont appear on the panel together. How many ways are there to put together a panel of 3 people from each series which doesnt include both of the people who had a ght? (The seating positions are still not important.)

3. (16 points) Let p, q , and r denote the following statements. r: s: t: The inhabitants of the planet Androzani can breathe underwater. The inhabitants of the planet Androzani can swim. The inhabitants of the planet Androzani can walk on land. If the inhabitants of Androzani cannot walk on land but they can swim, then they cannot both swim and breathe underwater.

(a) Write the following in symbolic form:

(b) Write the negation of your answer to part (a) and simplify the resulting statement using the Logical Equivalences and the Laws of Logic. Give the reason for each step. Be picky! (You may wish to refer to the table of logical equivalences and laws of logic in the back of the exam.)

4. (16 points) Some of the supposed rules of inference in the back of the exam are actually invalid ones placed by the Doctors archenemy, the Master. (a) Which ones?

(b) Provide a counterexample to one of the invalid rules of inference and explain why it is a counterexample.

5. (24 points) Consider the following argument, encountered by the Doctor in a puzzle on Satellite Five: r (n f ) n (a) f a This argument is justied by the following steps and reasons. Fill in either the reason or the step on each line. (Both on the last line!) You may wish to refer to the tables of laws of logic and rules of inference in the back of the exam. (Dont use any of the invalid rules of inference!) Steps 1) r (n f ) Reasons

2) (n f ) r

3)

Conjunctive Simplication (on Step 2)

4) n

5) f

6)

Premise

7)

Modus Tollens (on Steps 5 and 6)

8)

Extra Credit
6. (5 points) There have been 11 dierent actors who have played the Doctor on television (so far). Alice and Bob have interviewed 100 people at the convention to see which actor was their favorite. The options are 1 through 11 and cant decide. (a) If exactly n of the 100 people chose cant decide, how many ways could the interviews have come out? (It matters who chose what, not just how many chose each.) You may leave your answer in terms of sums, dierences, products, quotients, factorials, powers, and permutations and combinations.

(b) Write a formula for the total number of ways the interviews could have come out that uses your answer to part (a). (Dont forget to explain your answer.)

(c) Write a formula for the total number of ways the interviews could have come out in the form ab for some integers a and b. (Dont forget to explain your answer.)

Table of Useful Logical Equivalences 1) (p q ) p q Implication

2) (p q ) (p q ) (q p) Biconditional (p q ) (p q ) (q p) 3) (p (p q ) (p q ) (p q ) q ) (p q ) Exclusive Or

4) (p q ) (q p) Table of laws of logic

Contrapositive

For any primitive statements p, q , r, any tautology T0 , and any contradiction F0 , 1) 2) p p (p q ) p q (p q ) p q pq qp pq qp p (q r) (p q ) r p (q r) (p q ) r Law of Double Negation DeMorgans Laws

3)

Commutative Laws

4)

Associative Laws

5)

p (q r) (p q ) (p r) Distributive Laws p (q r) (p q ) (p r) ppp ppp p F0 p p T0 p p p T0 p p F0 p T0 T0 p F0 F0 Idempotent Laws

6)

7)

Identity Laws

8)

Inverse Laws

9)

Domination Laws

10) p (p q ) p p (p q ) p

Absorption Laws

(Corrupted) Table of rules of inference p pq q pq qr pr Modus Ponens

Hypothetical Syllogism

F0 p Rule of the Destructive Implication p pq q p p q pq pq q p pq p q p q p q Modus Tollens

Conjunction

Rule of Converse

Disjunctive Syllogism

Modus Intractus

p F0 Contradiction p pq p pq p p pq Conjunctive Simplication

Disjunctive Simplication

Disjunctive Amplication

Doctor, doctor, give me the news. Ive got a bad case of lovin you. . . . is from the song Bad Case of Loving You by Robert Palmer and is featured on this exam because its about a doctor. (Duh.)