Rondon 1N PVT Report

Reservoir Fluid Study
for
Occidental de Colombia
Rondon 1N Well
RFL05097
The analyses, opinions or interpretations in this report are based on

observations and material supplied by the client to whom, and for whose
exclusive and confidential use, this report is made. The interpretations or
opinions expressed represent the best judgement of Core Laboratories
Venezuela, S.A. (all errors and omissions excepted); but Core Laboratories
Venezuela, S.A. and its officers and employees assume no responsibility and
make no warranty or representations as to the productivity, proper operation
or profitability of any oil, gas or any other mineral well formation in
connection with which such report is used or relied upon.
Core Laboratories Venezuela, S.A.

Calle 25 (Carretera Via El Mojan) Km 3 al lado dwe la Coca-Cola
Tel +58 261 7574611, fax +58 261 7578684

Km 3 Via El Mojan. Parcelamiento Buena Vista
Maracaibo, Edo. Zulia-Venezuela
Tel: 58 261 7574611
Fax: 58 261 7578684
Web: http://www.corelab.com
August 1st of 2005

Occidental de Colombia.
Bogota, Colombia.
Attention : Eng. Ciro Pinto Rizzo
Subject:
Well:
File:
Reservoir Fluid Study

Rondon 1N
RFL 05097
Gentlemen:
On May 20th of 2005, two wellhead samples were collected by Core Laboratories
representativesfrom the subject well and were delivered to our fluid laboratory in Maracaibo,
Venezuela for performance of a reservoir fluid study.
Upon arrival at the laboratory, the samples were validated by measuring their bubble point
pressures at laboratory temperature; the selected sample was restored to reservoir
conditions for subsequent PVT testing. Additional tests were required during the course of
the study, preliminary results were provided to the client during the course of the laboratory
study, as well. Final report is presented in the following pages.
It has been a pleasure to perform this study for Occidental de Colombia. Should any
questions arise or if we may be of further service in any way, please do not hesitate to
contact us.
Sincerely,
Core Laboratories Venezuela, S.A
Gustavo Cabeza
Project Manager
Reservoir Fluids Laboratory
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Table of Contents
Section A - Summary of PVT Methods and Data
Summary of PVT methods.......................................................................................................
Summary of PVT data..............................................................................................................
Page
A.1-A.2
A.3
Section B - Summary of Samples Received and Validation Data

Well information........................................................................................................................
Summary of samples received and validation data..................................................................
B.1
B.2
Section C - Compositional Analysis of Bottomhole Reservoir Fluid

Compositional Analysis of Reservoir Fluid to C36+..................................................................
C.1-C.2
Section D - Constant Composition Expansion

Single phase fluid properties at reservoir temperature.............................................................
Constant composition expansion at reservoir temperature......................................................
Graphs of constant composition expansion at reservoir temperature......................................
Constant composition expansion at different temperatures.....................................................
D.1
D.2
D.3
D.4
Section E - Differential Vaporization

Differential vaporization data....................................................................................................
Graphs of differential vaporization............................................................................................
Differential vaporization data adjusted to surface conditions....................................................
E.1
E.2
E.3
Section F - Viscosity of Reservoir Fluid

Reservoir fluid viscosity data at Reservoir Temperature..........................................................
F.1-F.2
Section G - Separation Test of Reservoir Fluid

Atmospheric Flash test at 75 F................................................................................................
G.1
Molecular composition of evolved gas during atmospheric flash at 75 F.................................
G.2
Atmospheric Flash test at 140 F..............................................................................................
G.3
G.4
Molecular composition of evolved gas during atmospheric flash at 140 F...............................

G.5
G.6
G.7
G.8
G.9
G.10
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RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Table of Contents, continued

Section H - Appendix
Data used in gas compositional calculations............................................................................
Data used in liquid compositional calculations.........................................................................
Crude oil caracterization..........................................................................................................
Crude oil distillation..................................................................................................................
H.1
H.2
H.3
H.4
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RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
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Section A - Summary of Analysis Methods and PVT Data
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RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Summary of Analysis Methods

Sample Validation
The bubble point pressure at ambient temperature and free water content of each wellhead
sample were determined as initial quality checks. From this quality control, the samples showed
good agreement with respect to the measured bubble point pressures and did not contain free
water. Therefore, the samples were deemed valid and were used to continue with testing
Heat Treatment
Each wellhead sample was heated to 200F prior to subsampling for every PVT test to avoid
wax or asphaltene deposition problems
Pressurized Wellhead Fluid Composition
Approximately 30 cc of pressurized fluid was flashed to atmospheric pressure at 120 F and
separated into its respective gas and oil phases. The evolved gas and residual liquid were
analyzed separately, using gas-liquid chromatography and recombined on a weight basis to
produce a C36+ weight percent composition. Calculations to mole% and the plus fractions
properties are described below.
Gas Compositions
Gas compositions were measured using a "one shot" Varian 3800 gas analyzer using method
GPA 2286. The gas chromatograph utilizes 3 columns to clearly identify all the eluted
components from N2, CO2 and C1 through C11+. The chromatograph is calibrated twice per
week using air and synthetic hydrocarbon gas with known compositions. The resultant
calibration data is checked statistically against previous calibrations prior to performing analyses
on unknown samples.
Liquid Composition
Residual/stocktank liquid composition were measured using a Varian 3400 chromatograph. The
gas chromatograph utilizes a cold on-column, "sandwich injection" technique to ensure that a
representative sample is injected and swept onto the column. The sample is run twice; first the
original fluid and then the same spiked with n-tetradecane. This allows the laboratory to take into
account any heavy end (C36+) losses that may have occurred, during the chromatographic run
and make an accurate correction prior to reporting the liquid composition. The data obtained
from the gas chromatograph is in weight percent. Calculations to mole% and the plus fractions
properties are described below.
The chromatograph is checked twice per week as well, using a gravimetric n-paraffin mix
containing a range of pure components from C8 through C36 and a synthetic gas-oil mix
(D2887) with known composition. The resultant calibration data is checked statistically against
previous calibrations prior to performing analyses on unknown samples.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A.1
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Summary of Analysis Methods (Continuation)

Calculation of Mole% Compositions and Plus Fraction Properties
The residue or stocktank liquid whole sample molecular weight and density are measured using
a cryscope unit and a PAAR densimeter respectively.
The mole% data is calculated using GPSA mole weight and density data, where individual
components are identified, from carbon dioxide through decanes. Katz and Firoozabadi data are
used from undecanes through pentatriacontanes. The residue mole weight and density values
are calculated so that the pseudo average mole weight and density are the same as the
measured values. This can lead to anomalous residue mole weights and densities where the
Katz and Firoozabadi values may not be suitable for the isomer groups detected.
Other alternatives are to use an assumed C36+ molecular weight and density value, use a linear
extrapolation technique for components from C10 to C35 to calculate the C36+ properties or to
utilise distillation analysis to produce a C11+, C20+ or C36+ residual oil fraction and physically
measure the molecular weight and density.
Constant Composition Expansion
A portion of the wellhead fluid sample was charged to a high pressure visual cell and thermally
expanded to the reservoir temperature of 225 F. A constant composition expansion was
carried out during which the bubble point pressure and pressure-volume data for the single
phase and two phase fluid were determined. The density of the single phase fluid was also
determined by weighing measured volumes pumped from the cell at 5000 psig. Density data for
other pressures were calculated using the volumetric data.
Differential Vaporization
This was carried out in a high pressure visual cell at reservoir temperature. At several pressure
stages below the observed saturation pressure, the sample was stabilized. The gas evolved
was then pumped out of the cell and its volume, compressibility and composition were
determined. The final stage was carried out at atmospheric pressure when the residual liquid
was pumped out of the cell and its density was determined
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A.2
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Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Summary of Analysis Methods (Continuation)

Viscosity
Live-oil viscosity was measured in a rolling ball viscometer at reservoir temperature. Viscosity
determinations were carried out over a wide range of pressures from above the reservoir
pressure to atmospheric pressure.
The measurements were repeated at each pressure stage until five or more results agreed to
within 0.5% of the ball roll-time. The densities, obtained from the constant composition
expansion and differential vaporization tests, were used in the calculation of viscosities in
centipoise.
Separator Tests
Five atmospheric flash tests at different temperatures each were carried out using a pressurized
test separator cell. A portion of the wellhead sample, at a pressure above saturation pressure,
was pumped into the separator cell and stabilized at ambient pressure and test temperature. Th
gas evolved was pumped out of the cell and the volume and composition were determined. The
final stage was carried out at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature and the density of
the residual liquid was determined.
Crude Oil Caracterization
A set of atmospheric tests was also performed accordingly with ASTM methodologies and their
results are presented in the Appendex.
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A.3
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1N Well
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Summary of PVT Data

Constant Composition Expansion at 225 F
Saturation pressure (bubble-point)
508
Average single phase compressibility

(from 3750 psig to 508 psig)
7.62 X 10-6 psi
Thermal expansion at 5000 psig
psig
1.0761 vol at 225 F / vol at 60F
Differential Vaporization at 225 F

Solution gas-oil ratio at saturation pressure
109 scf/bbl of residual oil at 60F
Relative oil volume at saturation pressure

Density at saturation pressure
1.148 vol/vol of residual oil at 60F

0.7759 g cm-3
Wellhead Fluid Viscosity at 225 F

Viscosity at reservoir pressure
1.622 centipoise at 3750 psig
Viscosity at saturation pressure
1.166 centipoise at 508 psig
Separator Test Data

Pressure
(psig)
Temperature
(F)
Formation Volume
Factor
Total Solution
Gas-oil ratio
(scf/bbl)
508
0
225
75
1.127
103
508
0
225
140
1.132
508
0
225
180
1.140
508
0
225
200
1.147
508
0
225
220
1.155
Stocktank Oil
Density at 60 F
(g cm-3)
Test 1
0.8505
Test 2
108
0.8531
Test 3
116
0.8547
Test 4
121
0.8562
Test 5
128
0.8572
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A.4
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1N Well
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Section B - Summary and Validation Data of Samples Received
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RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Reported Well and Sampling Information

Reservoir and Well Information
Field........................................................................
Well.........................................................................
Reservoir Fluid........................................................
Rondon
Rondon 1N
Black Oil
Formation................................................................
Current Reservoir Pressure ....................................
Reservoir Temperature...........................................
*
3750 psig
225 F
Installation...............................................................
Sand.......................................................................
Perforated Interval .................................................
*
M2 - A
10154' - 10160
Sampling Information
Date sampled..........................................................
Time sampled ........................................................
Type of samples.....................................................
Sampling company..................................................
20-May-05
05:30
Wellhead
Core Laboratories Colombia
Choke.....................................................................
Status of well..........................................................
*
*
Bottomhole pressure...............................................
Bottomhole temperature.........................................
3750
n/a
Wellhead pressure..................................................
Wellhead temperature............................................
305 psig
100 F
Separator pressure ................................................

Separator temperature ...........................................
*
*
Pressure base.........................................................
Temperature base .................................................
14.7 psia
60F
Separator gas rate..................................................

Separator oil rate ...................................................
Water flowrate.........................................................
Gas gravity (Air = 1)................................................
Supercompressibility factor.....................................
H2S.........................................................................
CO2........................................................................
BS&W......................................................................
Oil gravity ................................................................
*
*
n/a
*
*
*
*
*
*
Comments:
* Data not provided
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B.1
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
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Summary of Samples Received

Wellhead Samples
Laboratory
Bubble point :Pressure
Temp.
(psig)
(F)
Sample
Number
Cylinder
Number
Sampling :Pressure
(psig)
Temp.
(F)
1.1
436251D
305
100
310
1.2
897612C
305
100
305
Water
Cut
(%)
Sample
Volume
(cm3)
76
0.2
890
76
0.2
890
Note:
Sample No.1.1 and 1.2 were selected for compositional and further PVT analyses
One 1000 cc plastic container with crude oil sample was also received to perform crude oil caracterization
___________________________________________________________________________________________
B.2
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Section C - Compositional Analysis of Wellhead Fluid
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RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Compositional Analysis of Wellhead Sample to C36 plus
H2
H2S
CO2
N2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
C11
C12
C13
C14
C15
C16
C17
C18
C19
C20
C21
C22
C23
C24
C25
C26
C27
C28
C29
C30
C31
C32
C33
C34
C35
C36+
Component
Hydrogen
Hydrogen Sulphide
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Ethane
Propane
i-Butane
n-Butane
i-Pentane
n-Pentane
Hexanes
Heptanes
Octanes
Nonanes
Decanes
Undecanes
Dodecanes
Tridecanes
Tetradecanes
Pentadecanes
Hexadecanes
Heptdecanes
Octadecanes
Nonadecanes
Eicosanes
Heneicosanes
Docosanes
Tricosanes
Tetracosanes
Pentacosanes
Hexacosanes
Heptacosanes
Octacosanes
Nonacosanes
Triacontanes
Hentriacontanes
Dotriacontanes
Tritriacontanes
Tetratriacontanes
Pentatriacontanes
Hexatriacontanes plus
Totals :
Mole %
0.00
0.00
0.66
0.20
10.83
2.37
2.35
0.98
1.67
1.12
1.08
2.01
4.11
6.15
5.28
4.76
4.34
4.00
4.03
3.88
3.35
2.76
3.02
2.18
1.85
1.72
1.59
1.48
1.40
1.36
1.36
1.25
1.23
1.18
1.15
1.07
0.97
0.79
0.73
0.87
0.64
8.23
_____
100.00
Weight %
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.03
0.79
0.33
0.47
0.26
0.44
0.37
0.36
0.79
1.74
3.01
2.89
3.04
2.92
2.95
3.23
3.37
3.16
2.80
3.28
2.50
2.23
2.16
2.11
2.06
2.04
2.06
2.14
2.05
2.11
2.09
2.12
2.03
1.91
1.61
1.54
1.88
1.42
27.58
_____
100.00
Note: 0.00 means less than 0.005.
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C.1
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1N Well
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Compositional Analysis of Wellhead Sample to C36 plus
Calculated Residue Properties

C7 plus
Mole%
Molecular Weight (g mol-1)
Density at 60F (g cm-3)
76.73
274
0.8690
C11 plus
Mole%
56.43
331
0.8872
C20 plus
Mole%
27.02
477
0.9178
C36 plus
Mole %
8.23
734
0.9503
Calculated Whole Sample Properties

Average mole weight (g mol-1)
219
0.8419
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C.2
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1N Well
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Section D - Constant Composition Expansion (CCE)
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1N Well
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Constant Composition Expansion at 225F

Single-phase Fluid Properties
Saturation pressure (bubble-point pressure)
508 psig
Thermal expansion factor of single phase fluid at 5000 psig

(Vol at 225F)/(Vol at 60F)
Average single phase compressibility
(From 3750 psig to 508 psig)
1.0761 vol / vol
7.62 x 10 -6 psi-1
Density at saturation pressure
0.7759 g cm-3
Mean Single-phase Compressibilities

Pressure Range
Mean
Compressibility
(psi-1) (1)
Initial Pressure
(psig)
Final Pressure
(psig)
5000
3750
6.45
x 10 -6
3750
2500
6.81
x 10 -6
2500
1500
7.40
x 10 -6
1500
508
8.85
x 10 -6
(1) Mean compressibility = (V2-V1) / [(V1+V2)/2] x 1/(P1 - P2)
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D.1
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Rondon
1N Well
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Constant Composition Expansion at 225F

Pressure
(psig)
Relative
Volume (1)
Density
(g cm-3)
5000
4500
4000
3750
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
900
800
700
600
508
506
504
502
500
480
464
421
361
302
249
207
166
132
116
101
73
0.9678
0.9709
0.9740
0.9756
0.9772
0.9805
0.9839
0.9875
0.9913
0.9953
0.9962
0.9971
0.9980
0.9990
1.0000
1.0015
1.0029
1.0044
1.0060
1.0221
1.0364
1.0823
1.1713
1.3032
1.4860
1.7063
2.0365
2.4678
2.7554
3.1022
4.0853
0.8017
0.7992
0.7966
0.7953
0.7940
0.7913
0.7886
0.7857
0.7827
0.7795
0.7789
0.7782
0.7774
0.7767
0.7759
Reservoir pressure
Saturation pressure
Instantaneous
Compressibility
(psi-1 x 10-6) (2)
Y-function (3)
6.37
6.48
6.57
6.64
6.77
6.97
7.23
7.61
8.22
8.79
9.07
9.43
9.90
10.51
2.425
2.284
2.145
2.021
1.922
1.826
1.746
1.709
1.673
1.608
(1) Relative Volume = V / Vsat ie. volume at indicated pressure per volume at saturation pressure.
(2) Instantaneous compressibility = (V2-V1) / V1 x 1/(P1-P2)
(3) Y-function = (Psat - P ) / ((Pabs)(V/Vsat - 1)).
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D.2
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1N Well
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Graphs of Constant Composition Expansion at 225 F

Relative Volume vs Pressure
1.0000
Relative volume, V/Vsat
0.9950
0.9900
0.9850
0.9800
0.9750
0.9700
0.9650
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
400
500
Pressure, psig
Y Function vs Pressure
4.000
3.500
Y Function
3.000
2.500
2.000
1.500
1.000
0.500
0.000
0
100
200
300
Pressure, psig
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D.3
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1N Well
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Constant Composition Expansions at Different Temperatures

Saturation
Pressures
(psig)
Temperature
(F)
341
402
446
471
500
75
140
180
200
220
225
508
Saturation Pressure vs Temperature
550
Saturation Pressures, psig
500
450
400
350
300
50
100
150
200
250
Temperature, F
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D.4
RFL05097
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1N Well
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Section E - Differential Vaporization (DV)
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RFL05097
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1N Well
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Differential Vaporisation at 225F
Pressure
(psig)
Solution
Gas-Oil
Ratio
Rs(1)
Relative
Oil
Volume
Bod(2)
Relative
Total
Volume
Btd(3)
508
400
300
200
100
0
109
91
77
59
39
0
1.148
1.141
1.136
1.129
1.120
1.084
1.148
1.286
1.475
1.906
3.158
At 60F =
Density
(g cm-3)
Deviation
Factor
(Z)
0.7759
0.7774
0.7787
0.7807
0.7828
0.7931
0.954
0.957
0.958
0.967
Gas
Formation
Volume
Factor (4)
Incremental
Gas Gravity
(Air = 1.000)
Saturation Pressure
0.04456
0.875
0.05887
0.859
0.08644
0.875
0.16333
0.966
2.021
1.000
Residual Oil Properties

Density of residual oil
0.8598
API
32.9
g cm-3 at 60F
(1) GOR in cubic feet of gas at 14.70 psia and 60F per barrel of residual oil at 60F.
(2) Volume of oil at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of residual oil at 60F.
(3) Volume of oil plus liberated gas at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of residual oil at 60F.
(4) Volume of gas at indicated pressure and temperature per volume at 14.70 psia and 60F.
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E.1
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1N Well
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Graphs of Differential Vaporisation

Solution Gas-Oil Ratio v Pressure
120
Gas-Oil Ratio (scf / bbl)
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Pressure (psig)
Relative Oil Volume v Pressure
1.160
Relative Oil Volume (V/Vr)
1.140
1.120
1.100
1.080
1.060
1.040
1.020
1.000
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Pressure (psig)
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E.2
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1N Well
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Differential Vaporisation Data Converted to Production Separator Conditions
Pressure
(psig)
Oil
Density
(g cm-3)
5000
4500
4000
3750
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
900
800
700
600
508
400
300
200
100
0
0.8017
0.7992
0.7966
0.7953
0.7940
0.7913
0.7886
0.7857
0.7827
0.7795
0.7789
0.7782
0.7774
0.7767
0.7759
0.7774
0.7787
0.7807
0.7828
0.7931
Reservoir pressure
Saturation pressure
Solution
Gas/Oil
(scf / bbl)
Rs(1)
Formation
Volume
Factor
Bo(1)
108
90
76
58
39
0
1.096
1.099
1.103
1.104
1.106
1.110
1.114
1.118
1.122
1.127
1.128
1.129
1.130
1.131
1.132
1.125
1.120
1.113
1.105
1.059
Gas Formation
Volume
Factor
Bg(2)
0.04456
0.05887
0.08644
0.16333
Notes:
(1) Differential data corrected to surface separator conditions of :Stage 1
0 psig and 140F
Rs = Rsfb - (Rsdb - Rsd) x (Bofb / Bodb)

Bo = Bod x (Bofb/Bodb)
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E.3
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Pressure
(psig)
Oil
Density
(g cm-3)
5000
4500
4000
3750
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
900
800
700
600
508
400
300
200
100
0
0.8017
0.7992
0.7966
0.7953
0.7940
0.7913
0.7886
0.7857
0.7827
0.7795
0.7789
0.7782
0.7774
0.7767
0.7759
0.7774
0.7787
0.7807
0.7828
0.7931
Reservoir pressure
Saturation pressure
Solution
Gas/Oil
(scf / bbl)
Rs(1)
Formation
Volume
Factor
Bo(1)
116
98
84
66
46
7
1.103
1.107
1.110
1.112
1.114
1.118
1.122
1.126
1.130
1.135
1.136
1.137
1.138
1.139
1.140
1.133
1.128
1.121
1.113
1.067
Gas Formation
Volume
Factor
Bg(2)
0.04456
0.05887
0.08644
0.16333
Notes:
0 psig and 180F

___________________________________________________________________________________________
E.4
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Pressure
(psig)
Oil
Density
(g cm-3)
5000
4500
4000
3750
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
900
800
700
600
508
400
300
200
100
0
0.8017
0.7992
0.7966
0.7953
0.7940
0.7913
0.7886
0.7857
0.7827
0.7795
0.7789
0.7782
0.7774
0.7767
0.7759
0.7774
0.7787
0.7807
0.7828
0.7931
Reservoir pressure
Saturation pressure
Solution
Gas/Oil
(scf / bbl)
Rs(1)
Formation
Volume
Factor
Bo(1)
121
102
88
70
51
12
1.110
1.114
1.117
1.119
1.121
1.125
1.129
1.133
1.137
1.142
1.143
1.144
1.145
1.146
1.147
1.140
1.135
1.128
1.119
1.073
Gas Formation
Volume
Factor
Bg(2)
0.04456
0.05887
0.08644
0.16333
Notes:
0 psig and 200F

___________________________________________________________________________________________
E.5
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Pressure
(psig)
Oil
Density
(g cm-3)
5000
4500
4000
3750
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
900
800
700
600
508
400
300
200
100
0
0.8017
0.7992
0.7966
0.7953
0.7940
0.7913
0.7886
0.7857
0.7827
0.7795
0.7789
0.7782
0.7774
0.7767
0.7759
0.7774
0.7787
0.7807
0.7828
0.7931
Reservoir pressure
Saturation pressure
Solution
Gas/Oil
(scf / bbl)
Rs(1)
Formation
Volume
Factor
Bo(1)
128
109
95
77
57
18
1.118
1.121
1.125
1.127
1.129
1.133
1.136
1.141
1.145
1.150
1.151
1.152
1.153
1.154
1.155
1.148
1.143
1.136
1.127
1.081
Gas Formation
Volume
Factor
Bg(2)
0.04456
0.05887
0.08644
0.16333
Notes:
0 psig and 220F

___________________________________________________________________________________________
E.6
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Section F - Reservoir Fluid Viscosity Data
___________________________________________________________________________________________
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Reservoir Fluid Viscosity Data at 225F

Pressure
(psig)
5000
4500
4000
3750
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
900
800
700
600
508
400
300
200
100
0
Oil
Viscosity
(cP)
Reservoir pressure
Saturation pressure
Calculated
Gas Viscosity
(cP) (1)
Oil/Gas
Viscosity
Ratio
0.0132
0.0131
0.0129
0.0124
89.1
90.0
93.2
104.7
1.797
1.727
1.657
1.622
1.587
1.517
1.446
1.376
1.306
1.236
1.221
1.207
1.193
1.179
1.166
1.175
1.178
1.201
1.297
1.753
(1) Calculated using the method of Lee, Gonzales and Eakin, JPT, Aug 1966.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
F.1
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Graph of Reservoir Fluid Viscosity Data at 225F
1.900
1.800
1.700
Viscosity (cP)
1.600
1.500
1.400
1.300
1.200
1.100
1.000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Pressure (psig)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
F.2
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Section G - Separator Test Data
___________________________________________________________________________________________
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Separator Test Data - Test #1
Pressure Temperature
(psig)
(F)
Gas-Oil
Ratio
(1)
508
225
75
102
Gas-Oil
Ratio
Rsfb
(2)
Oil
Density
(g cm-3)
Formation Separation Gas Gravity

Volume
Volume of flashed gas
Factor
Factor
(Air = 1.000)
Bofb (3)
(4)
0.7759
103
0.8445
1.127
Saturation Pressure
1.007
1.105

0.8505
API
34.7
g cm-3 at 60F
Note
*
Evolved gas collected and analysed to Undecanes plus
(1) GOR in cubic feet of gas at 14.70 psia and 60F per barrel of oil at indicated pressure and temperature.
(2) GOR in cubic feet of gas at 14.70 psia and 60F per barrel of stocktank oil at 60F.
(3) Volume of saturated oil at 508 psig and 225F per volume of stocktank oil at 60F.
(4) Volume of oil at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of stocktank oil at 60F.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.1
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Compositional Analysis of Separator Test Gas to C11+
Test Stage
Pressure Stage, psig
Temperature Stage, F
Component
CO2
N2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Ethane
Propane
i-Butane
n-Butane
i-Pentane
n-Pentane
Hexanes
M-C-Pentane
Benzene
Cyclohexane
C7
Heptanes
M-C-Hexane
Toluene
C8
Octanes
E-Benzene
M/P-Xylene
O-Xylene
C9
Nonanes
C10 Decanes
C11+ Undecanes Plus
Totals :
0
75
Mole %
Weight %
2.94
0.98
53.21
12.82
12.09
3.57
5.14
2.33
3.15
0.67
0.43
0.03
0.49
0.23
0.64
0.05
1.03
0.01
0.04
0.01
0.13
0.01
0.00
4.04
0.86
26.67
12.04
16.66
6.48
9.33
5.25
7.10
1.80
1.13
0.07
1.29
0.72
1.96
0.14
3.68
0.03
0.13
0.03
0.52
0.04
0.00
100.00
100.00
Mole Weight
(g mol-1)
103.3
134.0
_
Density
(g cm-3 at 60F )
0.7370
0.7780
_

C7+ Heptanes plus
C10+ Decanes plus
C11+ Undecanes plus
Calculated Whole Gas Properties
Gas Gravity
Whole Sample Mole Weight
Gross Calorific Value
Net Calorific Value
1.105
32.01
1790
1638
(Air=1 @ 14.7 psia and 60F)

g mol-1
BTU/scf
BTU/scf
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.2
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(psig)
(F)
Gas-Oil
Ratio
(1)
508
225
140
104
Gas-Oil
Ratio
Rsfb
(2)
Oil
Density
(g cm-3)

Volume
Factor
Factor
(Air = 1.000)
Bofb (3)
(4)
0.7759
108
0.8208
1.132
Saturation Pressure
1.039
1.198

0.8531
API
34.2
g cm-3 at 60F
Note
*
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.3
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Stage
Component
CO2
N2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Ethane
Propane
i-Butane
n-Butane
i-Pentane
n-Pentane
Hexanes
M-C-Pentane
Benzene
Cyclohexane
C7
Heptanes
M-C-Hexane
Toluene
C8
Octanes
E-Benzene
M/P-Xylene
O-Xylene
C9
Nonanes
C10 Decanes
C11+ Undecanes Plus
Totals :
0
140
Mole %
Weight %
2.53
0.75
49.60
11.72
11.72
4.07
6.46
3.33
5.06
0.76
0.85
0.05
0.85
0.37
0.58
0.06
1.05
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.14
0.01
0.00
3.21
0.61
22.93
10.16
14.89
6.82
10.82
6.92
10.52
1.89
2.06
0.11
2.06
1.07
1.64
0.16
3.46
0.03
0.09
0.00
0.52
0.04
0.00
100.00
100.00
Mole Weight
(g mol-1)
102.2
141.3
154.0
Density
(g cm-3 at 60F )
0.7350
0.7840
0.7950

C7+ Heptanes plus
C10+ Decanes plus
C11+ Undecanes plus
Gas Gravity
Net Calorific Value
1.198
34.70
1954
1791

g mol-1
BTU/scf
BTU/scf
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.4
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(psig)
(F)
Gas-Oil
Ratio
(1)
508
225
180
109
Gas-Oil
Ratio
Rsfb
(2)
Oil
Density
(g cm-3)

Volume
Factor
Factor
(Air = 1.000)
Bofb (3)
(4)
0.7759
116
0.8061
1.140
Saturation Pressure
1.060
1.246

0.8547
API
33.9
g cm-3 at 60F
Note
*
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.5
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Stage
Component
CO2
N2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Ethane
Propane
i-Butane
n-Butane
i-Pentane
n-Pentane
Hexanes
M-C-Pentane
Benzene
Cyclohexane
C7
Heptanes
M-C-Hexane
Toluene
C8
Octanes
E-Benzene
M/P-Xylene
O-Xylene
C9
Nonanes
C10 Decanes
C11+ Undecanes Plus
Totals :
0
180
Mole %
Weight %
2.35
1.05
47.20
11.15
11.53
4.58
7.22
4.22
6.12
1.06
0.63
0.04
0.58
0.25
0.64
0.04
1.13
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.15
0.02
0.01
2.87
0.81
20.98
9.29
14.09
7.38
11.63
8.44
12.23
2.53
1.47
0.09
1.35
0.69
1.74
0.10
3.58
0.03
0.06
0.00
0.53
0.07
0.04
100.00
100.00
Mole Weight
(g mol-1)
102.8
140.1
154.0
Density
(g cm-3 at 60F )
0.7350
0.7840
0.7950

C7+ Heptanes plus
C10+ Decanes plus
C11+ Undecanes plus
Gas Gravity
Net Calorific Value
1.246
36.09
2024
1855

g mol-1
BTU/scf
BTU/scf
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.6
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(psig)
(F)
Gas-Oil
Ratio
(1)
508
225
200
113
Gas-Oil
Ratio
Rsfb
(2)
Oil
Density
(g cm-3)

Volume
Factor
Factor
(Air = 1.000)
Bofb (3)
(4)
0.7759
121
0.7995
1.147
Saturation Pressure
1.071
1.312

0.8562
API
33.6
g cm-3 at 60F
Note
*
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.7
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Stage
Component
CO2
N2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Ethane
Propane
i-Butane
n-Butane
i-Pentane
n-Pentane
Hexanes
M-C-Pentane
Benzene
Cyclohexane
C7
Heptanes
M-C-Hexane
Toluene
C8
Octanes
E-Benzene
M/P-Xylene
O-Xylene
C9
Nonanes
C10 Decanes
C11+ Undecanes Plus
Totals :
0
200
Mole %
Weight %
2.31
0.61
45.00
10.72
11.45
4.63
7.60
4.57
6.92
1.43
0.86
0.05
0.87
0.39
1.03
0.07
1.22
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.17
0.02
0.01
2.68
0.45
19.00
8.48
13.29
7.08
11.62
8.68
13.14
3.24
1.90
0.10
1.93
1.03
2.66
0.17
3.67
0.06
0.11
0.03
0.57
0.07
0.04
100.00
100.00
Mole Weight
(g mol-1)
102.4
140.1
154.0
Density
(g cm-3 at 60F )
0.7350
0.7840
0.7950

C7+ Heptanes plus
C10+ Decanes plus
C11+ Undecanes plus
Gas Gravity
Net Calorific Value
1.312
38.00
2143
1966

g mol-1
BTU/scf
BTU/scf
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.8
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(psig)
(F)
Gas-Oil
Ratio
(1)
508
225
220
118
Gas-Oil
Ratio
Rsfb
(2)
Oil
Density
(g cm-3)

Volume
Factor
Factor
(Air = 1.000)
Bofb (3)
(4)
0.7759
128
0.7924
1.155
Saturation Pressure
1.082
1.370

0.8572
API
33.4
g cm-3 at 60F
Note
*
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.9
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Stage
Component
CO2
N2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Ethane
Propane
i-Butane
n-Butane
i-Pentane
n-Pentane
Hexanes
M-C-Pentane
Benzene
Cyclohexane
C7
Heptanes
M-C-Hexane
Toluene
C8
Octanes
E-Benzene
M/P-Xylene
O-Xylene
C9
Nonanes
C10 Decanes
C11+ Undecanes Plus
Totals :
0
220
Mole %
Weight %
2.20
0.93
42.40
10.30
11.37
4.73
7.76
5.18
8.07
1.76
1.06
0.06
0.99
0.42
1.05
0.06
1.37
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.19
0.03
0.02
2.44
0.66
17.14
7.80
12.64
6.93
11.36
9.42
14.67
3.82
2.25
0.12
2.10
1.06
2.60
0.14
3.94
0.03
0.08
0.03
0.61
0.10
0.07
100.00
100.00
Mole Weight
(g mol-1)
102.2
141.3
154.0
Density
(g cm-3 at 60F )
0.7350
0.7850
0.7950

C7+ Heptanes plus
C10+ Decanes plus
C11+ Undecanes plus
Gas Gravity
Net Calorific Value
1.370
39.69
2233
2050

g mol-1
BTU/scf
BTU/scf
___________________________________________________________________________________________
G.10
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Section H - Appendix
___________________________________________________________________________________________
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Data Used in Gas Compositional Calculations
Component
Hydrogen
Oxygen/(Argon)
Nitrogen (Corrected)
Methane
Carbon Dioxide
Ethane
Hydrogen Sulphide
Propane
i-Butane
n-Butane
Neo-Pentane
i-Pentane
n-Pentane
22DMC4
23DMC4/CYC5
2MC5
3MC5
Hexanes (nC6)
22DMC5
M-C-Pentane
24DMC5
223TMC4
Benzene
Mole Weight
Density
Component
(g mol-1) (g cm-3 at 60F)
*
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
*
**
**
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
2.016
31.999
28.013
16.043
44.010
30.070
34.080
44.097
58.123
58.123
72.15
72.150
72.150
86.18
78.16
86.18
86.18
86.18
100.20
84.16
100.20
100.20
78.11
N/A
1.1410
0.8086
0.2997
0.8172
0.3558
0.8006
0.5065
0.5623
0.5834
0.5968
0.6238
0.6305
0.6529
0.7129
0.6572
0.6682
0.6631
0.6814
0.7533
0.6757
0.6947
0.8820
33DMC5
Cyclohexane
2MC6/23DMC5
11DMCYC5/3MC6
t13DMCYC5
c13DMCYC5/3EC5
t12DMCYC5
Heptanes (nC7)
22DMC6
MCYC6
ECYC5
223TMC5/24&25DMC6
ctc124TMCYC5
ctc123TMCYC5
Toluene
Octanes (nC8)
E-Benzene
M/P-Xylene
O-Xylene
Nonanes (nC9)
Decanes
Undecanes
Dodecanes
Mole Weight
Density
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
***
***
***
100.20
84.16
100.20
99.20
98.19
99.20
98.19
100.20
114.23
98.19
98.19
114.23
112.21
112.21
92.14
114.23
106.17
106.17
106.17
128.26
134
147
161
0.6954
0.7827
0.6917
0.7253
0.7528
0.7262
0.7554
0.6875
0.6994
0.7740
0.7704
0.7060
0.7511
0.7574
0.8734
0.7063
0.8735
0.8671
0.8840
0.7212
0.778
0.789
0.800
Data Source Refs :

* ASTM Data Series Publication DS 4B (1991) - Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon
Compounds.
** GPA Table of Physical Constants of Paraffin Hydrocarbons and Other Components of Natural Gas,
GPA 2145-96.
*** Journal of Petroleum Technology, Nov 1978, Pages 1649-1655.
Predicting Phase Behaviour of Condensate/Crude Oil Systems Using Methane Interaction Coefficients
- D.L. Katz & A. Firoozabadi.
Note :
The gas mole % compositions were calculated from the measured weight % compositions using the
most detailed analysis results, involving as many of the above components as were identified. The
reported component mole % compositions were then sub-grouped into the generic carbon number
components.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
H.1
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Data Used in Liquid Compositional Calculations
Component
Hydrogen
Hyd. sulphide
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Ethane
Propane
i-Butane
n-Butane
i-Pentane
n-Pentane
Hexanes
Me-cyclo-pentane
Benzene
Cyclo-hexane
Heptanes
Me-cyclo-hexane
Toluene
Octanes
Ethyl-benzene
Meta/Para-xylene
Ortho-xylene
Nonanes
1-2-4-T-M-benzene
Decanes
Mole Weight
Density
Component
*
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
*
*
*
**
*
*
**
*
*
*
**
*
**
2.016
34.080
44.010
28.013
16.043
30.070
44.097
58.123
58.123
72.150
72.150
86.177
84.16
78.11
84.16
100.204
98.19
92.14
114.231
106.17
106.17
106.17
128.258
120.19
142.285
N/A
0.8006
0.8172
0.8086
0.2997
0.3558
0.5065
0.5623
0.5834
0.6238
0.6305
0.6634
0.7533
0.8820
0.7827
0.6874
0.7740
0.8734
0.7061
0.8735
0.8671
0.8840
0.7212
0.8797
0.7334
Undecanes
Dodecanes
Tridecanes
Tetradecanes
Pentadecanes
Hexadecanes
Heptadecanes
Octadecanes
Nonadecanes
Eicosanes
Heneicosanes
Docosanes
Tricosanes
Tetracosanes
Pentacosanes
Hexacosanes
Heptacosanes
Octacosanes
Nonacosanes
Triacontanes
Hentriacontanes
Dotriacontanes
Tritriacontanes
Tetratriacontanes
Pentatriacontanes
Mole Weight
Density
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
***
147
161
175
190
206
222
237
251
263
275
291
305
318
331
345
359
374
388
402
416
430
444
458
472
486
0.789
0.800
0.811
0.822
0.832
0.839
0.847
0.852
0.857
0.862
0.867
0.872
0.877
0.881
0.885
0.889
0.893
0.896
0.899
0.902
0.906
0.909
0.912
0.914
0.917
Data Source Refs :

* ASTM Data Series Publication DS 4B (1991) - Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon
Compounds.
** GPA Table of Physical Constants of Paraffin Hydrocarbons and Other Components of Natural Gas
GPA 2145-96.
*** Journal of Petroleum Technology, Nov 1978, Pages 1649-1655.
Predicting Phase Behaviour of Condensate/Crude Oil Systems Using Methane Interaction Coefficients
- D.L. Katz & A. Firoozabadi.
Note :
The residue mole weight and density values ( eg heptanes plus, undecanes plus, eicosanes plus) are
calculated so that the calculated average mole weights and densities correspond with the measured
values. This can lead to anomalous residue mole weights and densities where the Katz and
Firoozabadi values may not be suitable for the isomer groups detected.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
H.2
CORE LABORATORIES
LABORATORY
JOB NUMBER: 250484
CUSTOMER:
CLIENT I.D...:
DATE SAMPLED..........
TIME SAMPLED..............
WORK DESCRIPTION........
Pozo: Rondon 1 N
TEST DESCRIPTION
TESTS
05/20/05
RESULTS
ATTN: Uriel Sanchez
LABORATORY ID..... 250484-01

DATE RECEIVED..... 06/20/05
TIME RECEIVED...... 13:00
REMARKS.................: Muestreado por: Cliente
FINAL RESULT LIMITES/*DILUTION
UNITS
MEASURE
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
OF
DATE
TECHN
ASTM D 1796-97 06/23/05 YCH
ASTM D 1796-97 06/23/05 YCH
TEST METHOD
Agua
Sedimento
Agua y Sedimentos
Gravedad API @ 60 oF
1.0
< 0.1
1.0
34.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
Asfaltenos N-Heptano
Parafinas
0.60
11.85
0.05
0.01
% Peso
% Peso
IP 143-96
UOP 46-85
06/23/05 YCH
06/23/05 YCH
Punto de Inflamacion (C. Abierta)

Contenido de Azufre
47
0.17
20
0.01
oF
% Peso
ASTM D 92-01
ASTM D 1552-01
ASTM D 482-00
ASTM D 3230-99
ASTM D 5853-00
SW-846/6010 B
SW-846/6010 B
ASTM D 445-01
ASTM D 445-01
ASTM D 445-01
ASTM D 323-99
ASTM D 240-00
06/23/05
06/27/05
06/27/05
06/27/05
06/23/05
06/28/05
06/28/05
06/27/05
06/27/05
06/27/05
07/25/05
07/21/05
Contenido de Ceniza
Contenido de Sal
Punto de Fluidez
Niquel total (Ni)
Vanadio total (V)
Viscosidad Cinematica a 100 F
Presion de vapor Reid @ 100 F
Calor de Combustion (Valor Calorfico)
< 0.001
< 1.0
4
5.0
1.0
5.35
4.34
2.28
4.9
19874
0.001
1
-36
0.5
5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
600
% Peso
Lbs./1000 bbls
oC
mg/Kg
mg/Kg
cSt
cSt
cSt
psi
Btu/ lbs
ASTM D 1796-97 06/23/05 YCH

ASTM D 287-00 06/23/05 YCH
YCH
MJ
MJ
MJ
YCH
AM
AM
LO
LO
LO
HR
MJ
Carretera El Mojan, km 3
Maracaibo, Edo. Zulia
(0261) 7574611
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
H.3
CORE LABORATORIES
LABORATORY
JOB NUMBER: 250484
CUSTOMER:
CLIENT I.D...:
DATE SAMPLED..........
TIME SAMPLED..............
WORK DESCRIPTION........
TEST DESCRIPTION
TESTS
RESULTS
Pozo: Rondon 1 N
05/20/05
ATTN: Uriel Sanchez
LABORATORY ID..... 250484-01

DATE RECEIVED..... 06/20/05
TIME RECEIVED...... 13:00
REMARKS.................: Muestreado por: Cliente
FINAL RESULT LIMITES/*DILUTION
UNITS
MEASURE
OF
TEST METHOD
DATE
TECHN
Destilacin atmosfrica
Punto Inicial de Ebullicion
150
F ASTM D 86-01
5% Destilado
228
10% Destilado
290
15% Destilado
338
20% Destilado
387
25% Destilado
428
30% Destilado
468
35% Destilado
505
40% Destilado
536
45% Destilado
572
50% Destilado
600
55% Destilado
624
60% Destilado
640
65% Destilado
645
70% Destilado
646
75% Destilado
647
80% Destilado
648
85% Destilado
649
90% Destilado
NA
95 % Destilado
NA
Punto Final Ebullicion
650
Porcentaje Destilado
85.0
Porcentaje Total Recuperado
99.5
0.1
Porcentaje de Residuo
14.5
0.1
Porcentaje de Perdidas
0.5
0.1
06/23/05 YCH
Carretera El Mojan, km 3
Maracaibo, Edo. Zulia
(0261) 7574611
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
H.4
RFL05097
Rondon
1N Well
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Report prepared by
Report approved by
Gustavo Cabeza
Project Manager
Reservoir Fluid Laboratory
David McEvoy
Laboratory Manager
Reservoir Fluid Laboratory
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Rondon 1N PVT Report

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Reservoir Fluid Study

The analyses, opinions or interpretations in this report are based on

Core Laboratories Venezuela, S.A.

Core Laboratories Venezuela, S.A.

August 1st of 2005

Reservoir Fluid Study

Section B - Summary of Samples Received and Validation Data

Section C - Compositional Analysis of Bottomhole Reservoir Fluid

Section D - Constant Composition Expansion

Section E - Differential Vaporization

Section F - Viscosity of Reservoir Fluid

Section G - Separation Test of Reservoir Fluid

Molecular composition of evolved gas during atmospheric flash at 75 F.................................

Atmospheric Flash test at 140 F..............................................................................................

Molecular composition of evolved gas during atmospheric flash at 140 F...............................

Table of Contents, continued

Section A - Summary of Analysis Methods and PVT Data

Summary of Analysis Methods

Summary of Analysis Methods (Continuation)

Summary of Analysis Methods (Continuation)

Summary of PVT Data

Average single phase compressibility

7.62 X 10-6 psi

Thermal expansion at 5000 psig

1.0761 vol at 225 F / vol at 60F

Differential Vaporization at 225 F

109 scf/bbl of residual oil at 60F

Relative oil volume at saturation pressure

1.148 vol/vol of residual oil at 60F

Wellhead Fluid Viscosity at 225 F

1.622 centipoise at 3750 psig

Viscosity at saturation pressure

1.166 centipoise at 508 psig

Separator Test Data

Section B - Summary and Validation Data of Samples Received

Reported Well and Sampling Information

Separator pressure ................................................

Separator gas rate..................................................

Summary of Samples Received

Section C - Compositional Analysis of Wellhead Fluid

Compositional Analysis of Wellhead Sample to C36 plus

Note: 0.00 means less than 0.005.

Compositional Analysis of Wellhead Sample to C36 plus

Calculated Residue Properties

Calculated Whole Sample Properties

Section D - Constant Composition Expansion (CCE)

Constant Composition Expansion at 225F

Thermal expansion factor of single phase fluid at 5000 psig

1.0761 vol / vol

Density at saturation pressure

Mean Single-phase Compressibilities

(1) Mean compressibility = (V2-V1) / [(V1+V2)/2] x 1/(P1 - P2)

Constant Composition Expansion at 225F

Graphs of Constant Composition Expansion at 225 F

Relative volume, V/Vsat

Constant Composition Expansions at Different Temperatures

Saturation Pressure vs Temperature

Saturation Pressures, psig

Section E - Differential Vaporization (DV)

Differential Vaporisation at 225F

Residual Oil Properties

Graphs of Differential Vaporisation

Gas-Oil Ratio (scf / bbl)