Appendix A CCPS Generic Failure Rate Data Base Taxonomy

1.0 Electrical 2.0 Instrumentation 3.0 Process Equipment 4.0 Protection Systems 5.0 Utilities Section 2.4 discusses the use of this CCPS Taxonomy.

1.0 ELECTRlCALEQUlPMENT 1.1 Motors

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

1.1.1 AC 1.1.1.1 Induction 1.1.1.1.1 Squirrel-cage

.1 O - 250 V .2 >250 V - 600 V .3 >600 V - 15 KV .1 O - 600 V .2 >600 V - 15 KV .1 .2 .3 .4 O - 600 V >600 V - 5 KV >5 KV - 8 KV >8 KV - 15 KV

1.1.1.1.2 Wound-Rotor 1.1.1.2 Synchronous 1.1.1.2.1 Brushless 1.1.1.2.2 Reluctance (Clock Motors) 1.1.1.2.3 Slip-Ring 1.1.2 DC 1.1.2.1 Commutator 1.1.2.2 Permanent-Maqnet ReId

1- Catastrophic a. Fails to Run Once Started b. Fails to Position Properly c. Fails to Start on Demand 2- Degraded a. Shaft Fails to Run at Rated Speed b. Fails to Position Correctly c. "Hunts" for Correct Position

.1 O -99 V .2 >99 V - 299 V .3 >299V

1.0 ELECTRlCALEQUlPMENT 1.2 Power Conditioning and Protection Devices

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

I EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

1.2.1 Batteries/Battery Banks 1.2.1.1 Lead Acid 1.2.1.2 Nickel Cadmium

.1 O -99 V .2 >99 V - 299 V .3 >299V

1- Catastrophic a. No Output Given Challenge 2- Degraded a. Low Output Given Challenge b. No Output During Test c. Low Output During Test 3- Incipient a. Leakage b. Physical Evidence of Damage or Deterioration

1.2.2 Battery Chargers

.1 0 - 9 9 V .2 >99V-299V .3 >299V

1- Catastrophic a. No electrical output 2- Degraded a. Low output b. High output c. Erratic output 3- Incipient a. Overheated

1.0 ELECTRlCALEQUlPMENT 1.2 Power Conditioning and Protection Devices

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

1.2.3 Circuit Breakers 1.2.3.1 A 1.2.3.1.1 Molded-Case 1.2.3.1.1.1 Thermal - Magnetic Trips 1.2.3.1.1.2 Solid-State Trip

.1 O - 219 V .2 >219 V - 440 V .3 >440V

1- Catastrophic a. Spurious Operation b. Failed to Open on Demand c. Failed to Close on Demand 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Contaminated

1.2.3.1.2 Power 1.2.3.1.2.1 Air-Magnetic

.1 .2 .3 .4

O - 600 V >600 V - 5 KV >5 KV - 8 KV >8 KV - 15 KV

1.2.3.1.2.2 Oil 1.2.3.1.2.3 Vacuum 1.2.3.1.2.4 Solid State

.1 .2 .3 .4

>600 V - 5 KV >5 KV - 8 KV >8 KV - 15 KV >15 KV - 72.5 KV

1.2.3.2 JQ 1.2.3.2.1 Power 1.2.3.2.2 Molded Case 1.2.3.2.3 Solid State

.1 O -99 V .2 >99 V - 299 V .3 >299V

1.0 ELECTRlCALEQUlPMENT 1.2 Power Conditioning and Protection Device*

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVEWTY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

1.2.4 Inverters

1- Catastrophic a. No Output b. Fails to Transfer 2- Degraded a. Output frequency outside specification b. Output Voltage outside spec, c. Output current outside spec. 3- Incipient a. Overheating b. Faulty indication c. Dirt/dust Contamination

1.2.5 Electrochemical Processing Rectifiers (10 - 200 mw)

1 - Catastrophic a. Short Circuit 2- Degraded a. Diodes short out b. Thyristors short out

1.2.6 Fuses 1.2.6.1 Control 1.2.6.2 Power

.1 O - 120 V .2 >120V .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 O - 250 V >250V - 60OV >600 V - 5 KV >5 KV - 8 KV >8 KV - 15 KV

All Modes 1- Catastrophic a. Premature Open

1.0 ELECTRlCALEQUlPMENT 1.2 Power Conditioning and Protection Device*

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

1.2.7 Relays 1.2.7.1 Control 1.2.7.2 Protective 1.2.7.3 Time Delay

.1 Electromagnetic .1 0 - 2 break amps .1 Energized, .2 Solid-State .2 >2 - 5 break amps contacts closed .3 Electromag/solid .3 >5 - 10 break amps .2 Energized, state hybrid contacts open .3 De-energized, contacts closed .4 De-energized, contacts open

1- Catastrophic a. Fails to Close on Demand b. Fails to Open on Demand c. Spurious Operation d. Delayed Change of State e. Premature Change of State

1.2.8 Transformers 1.2.8.1 Power 1.2.8.2 Instrument/Control 1.2.8.3 Rectifier

.1 Liquid .2 Dry

All modes 1- Catastrophic a. No Output 2- Degraded a. Incorrect Output 3- Incipient a. Insulation Integrity

1.2.9 Uninterruptible Power Supplies (Rectifer + Solid State Inverter + Battery)

1- Catastrophic a. No output b. Output Outside Specification 2- Degraded a. Output slightly outside spec. 3- Incipient a. Leakage b. Smoking c. Noisy

1- Catastrophic a. Fails to Start on Demand b. Fails to Run once Started c. Fails to Supply Load in Time 2- Degraded a. Delayed Start after Multiple Attempts b. Fails to Maintain Voltage/ Frequency Spec. 3- Incipient a. Improper Cooling/Heating b. RPM Hunting c. Faulty Indication d. Vibration e. Improper Lubrication

FAILURE DESCRIPTION

a. S h a tf F s a li o t R u n <g> R a e td S p e e d c .p H "u n s t " o fP r o e rP c to o o i n t s i a . b F a s li F t u nP n c eP S a e tr d b F s a lli o t o in t s i C r p y e lr P . s a lo i o tR o in t s i.O o r e y r c . F a s li o t S a tr t o n D e m a n d 1 - C a o r t s p c h i 2 - D e a g d re d a . O v e n h r g e ia t b . V b o a ir n t 3- n Ic p e in t

| SERVICE DESCRIPTION
OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY

C n u o in u ts S a n td b y

I S

T P M E N T S ^ r A P E N X D I A- C C P S A T X O N O M Y

. 1 2 1 0 0 0K K W .O > 1 0 0 W

E P Q M U E IN T D E O S C P N T R II

1 3 2 .3 . R e o c n ria t E n a e is - N a u ta rl G a s P o w e d r 1 3 . 2 . G n a e is o l E n n g e i D v ie rn ( 5 0 1 -0 0 K W 1 . 3 . 1 E m g e r n c y P o w e r G e n o s e a r t 1 3 . 1 . 1 . 1 e is e lG D v e ir n D 3 1 .2 .D a s v e irn 1 3 .2 . M n a i P o w e r G e n o e s a r t 1 3 . 2 . 1 . D e is e l1 n g e iN v ie rC nh 3 2 . 1 2 .E o n T -u b r o D a g r e d 1 3 2 .1 . T u b ro C h a g r e d 1 3 2 . 4 3 . A e r o d v e a ie rt 1 3 . 2 4 . T u n b r e i D v e irn 3 2 . 4 2 ..D n ig e lu u e l 3 2 .4 2 . 1 u a lS F e l F 1 3 2 .4 2 . 1 n I. d u a s ir lt1 1 3 . 2 4 . 1 G a s

2.0 INSTRUMENTATION 2.1 Process Wetted & Field Instrumentation

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

2.1. Analyzers 2.1. .1 Electromagnetic Radiation Interaction 2.1. .1.1 Optical Emission Spectrochemicai 2.1. .1.2 Flame Photometric 2.1. .1.3 Fluorescence 2.1. .1.4 Ultraviolet-Absorption 2.1. .1.5 Colorimeter 2.1. .1.6 Nondispersive Infra Red Analyzer 2.1.1.2 Chemical Interaction 2.1.1.2.1 Orsat 2.1.1.2.2 Titrator, Automatic 2.1.1.2.3 Impregnated Paper Tape 2.1.1.2.4 Luminescence Meter 2.1.1.2.5 Combustible (catalytic Detector) 2.1.1.2.6 Redox Potentiometry (ORP) 2.1.1.2.7 pH 2.1.1.2.7.1 Chemical Indicators 2.1.1.2.7.2 Potentiometric Meters 2.1.1.2.8 Metal Ion Equilibria 2.1.1.2.9 Calorimeter 2.1.1.3 Electric/Maanetic Fieid Reaction 2.1.1.3.1 Mass Spectrometer 2.1.1.3.2 Electrical Conductivity 2.1.1.3.3 Paramagnetic 2.1.1.3.4 Electrochemical 2.1.1.3.4.1 Dry Ceil 2.1.1.3.4.2 Wet Cell 2.1.1.3.5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 2.1.1.3.6 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance 2.1.1.4 Thermal/Mechanical Enerav Interaction 2.1.1.4.1 Thermal Conductivity 2.1.1.4.2 Hygrometer 2.1.1.4.3 Vapor Equilibrium Dewpoint Meter 2.1.1.4.4 Chromatograph 2.1.1.4.5 Viscometer 2.1.1.4.6 Densitometer

1 - Catastrophic a. Maximum Output b. No Output c. No change of Output with Change of Input 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 3- Incipient

2.0 INSTRUMENTATION 2.1 Process Wetted & Field Instrumentation

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION | OPERATING MODE PROCESSSEVERlTY

1-4

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

FAILURE DESCRIPTION

2.1.2 Controllers 2.1.2.1 Row 2.1.2.2 Level 2.1.2.3 Pressure 2.1.2.4 Temperature 2.1.2.5 Soeed

1- Catastrophic a. Maximum Output b. No Output c. No Change of Output with Change of Input 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 3- Incipient

2.0 INSTRUMENTATION 2.1 Process Wetted & Field Instrumentation

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY

1-4

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

FAILURE DESCRIPTION

2.1.3 Transmitters 2.1.3.1 Electronic 2.1.3.1.1 Row 2.1.3.1.1.1 Differentia! Pressure 2.1.3.1.1.2 Variable Area 2.1.3.1.1.3 Magmeter 2.1.3.1.1.4 Mass Row 2.1.3.1.1.5 Vortex Shedding 2.1.3.1.1.6 Turbine 2.1.3.1.2 Level 2.1.3.1.2.1 Differential Pressure 2.1.3.1.2.2 Displacement 2.1.3.1.2.3 Capacitance Probe 2.1.3.1.2.4 Roat 2.1.3.1.2.5 Nuclear 2.1.3.1.3 Pressure 2.1.3.1.3.1 Capacitive 2.1.3.1.3.2 Strain Gauge 2.1.3.1.4 Temperature 2.1.3.1.4.1 Thermocouple 2.1.3.1.4.2 Resistance Temperature 2.1.3.1.4.3 Capillary & Bulb 2.1.3.1.5 Differential Pressure 2.1.3.1.6 Vibration 2.1.3.1.7 Speed 2.1.3.1.8 Weight 2.1.3.1.8.1 Load Cell 2.1.3.2 Pneumatic 2.1.3.2.1 Flow 2.1.3.2.1.1 Differential Pressure 2.1.3.2.1.2 Variable Area 2.1.3.2.2 Level 2.1.3.2.2.1 Differential Pressure 2.1.3.2.2.2 Displacer 2.1.3.2.2.3 Float 2.1.3.2.3 Pressure 2.1.3.2.3.1 Torque Tube 2.1.3.2.4 Temperature (Capillary & Bulb) 2.1.3.2.5 Differential Pressure

1- Catastrophic a. Maximum Output b. No Output c. No Change of Output with Change of Input 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 3- Incipient

2.0 INSTRUMENTATION 2.1 Process Wetted & Field Instrumentation

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVEMTY

1-4

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

FAILURE DESCRIPTION

2.1.4 Switches 2.1.4.1 Electric 2.1.4.1.1 Row 2.1.4.1.1.1 Differential Pressure 2.1.4.1.1.2 Paddle 2.1.4.1.1.3 Thermal 2.1.4.1.2 Level 2.1.4.1.2.1 Differential Pressure 2.1.4.1.2.2 Displacement 2.1.4.1.2.3 Float 2.1.4.1.2.4 Capacitance Probe 2.1.4.1.3 Pressure 2.1.4.1.3.1 Bellows 2.1.4.1.3.2 Diaphragm 2.1.4.1.3.3 Bourdon Tube 2.1.4.1.3.4 Piston 2.1.4.1.4 Temperature 2.1.4.1.4.1 Bimetallic 2.1.4.1.4.2 Vapor Pressure Bulb 2.1.4.1.5 Differential Pressure 2.1.4.1.6 Vibration 2.1.4.1.7 Speed 2.1.4.2 Pneumatic 2.1.4.2.1 Flow 2.1.4.2.2 Level 2.1.4.2.3 Pressure 2.1.4.2.4 Temperature 2.1.5 Flame Detectors 2.1.5.1 IH 2.1.5.2 Thermal Sensor 2.1.5.3 yy

1- Catastrophic a. Functioned without Signal b. Failed to Function when Signaled 2- Degraded a. Functioned at Improper Signal Level b. Intermittent Operation 3- Incipient a. In-service Problems

1- Catastrophic a. Functioned without Signal b. Failed to Function when Signaled 2- Degraded a. Functioned at Improper Signal Level b. Intermittent Operation 3- Incipient a. In-service Problems

2.0 INSTRUMENTATION 2.1 Process Watted & Field Instrumentation EQUIPMENT

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY DESCRIPTION SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY
1-4

FAILURE DESCRIPTION

2.1.6 Indicators/Element 2.1.6.1 Flow 2.1.6.1.1 Variable Area 2.1.6.1.2 Turbine 2.1.6.1.3 Positive Displacement 2.1.6.2 Level 2.1.6.2.1 Float 2.1.6.2.2 Displacer 2.1.6.2.3 Armored Sight Glass 2.1.6.2.4 Glass Tube Sight Glass 2.1.6.2.5 Differential Pressure 2.1.6.3 Pressure 2.1.6.3.1 Bourdon Tube 2.1.6.3.2 Helical Coil 2.1.6.4 Temperature 2.1.6.4.1 Thermocouple 2.1.6.4.2 Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) 2.1.6.4.3 Dial 2.1.6.4.4 Vapor Pressure Bulb 2.1.6.4.5 Optical Pyrometer 2.1.6.4.6 Radiation Pyrometer

1- Catastrophic a. Maximum Output b. No Output c. No Change ofOoutput with Change of Input 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 3- Incipient

2.1.7 Recorders (Large Case) 2.1.7.1 Pressure 2.1.7.2 Temperature

1-4

1- Catastrophic a Maximum Output b. No Output c. No change of Position with Change of Input 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 3- Incipient

2.0 INSTRUMENTATION 2.1 Process Watted & Field Instrumentation

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 2.1.8 Transducers 2.1.8.1 Current to Pneumatic 2.1.8.2 Pneumatic to Current

1- Catastrophic a. Maximum Output b. No Output c. No Change of Output with Change of Input 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 3- Incipient

2.0 INSTRUMENTATION 2.2 Control Room Instrumentation

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

2.2.1 Controllers 2.2.1.1 Electronic Panelboard (single IQOD^ 2.2.1.2 Pneumatic Panelboard (single loool

1- Catastrophic a. Maximum Output b. No Output c. No Change of Output with Change of Input 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 3- Incipient 1- Catastrophic a Operates Spuriously b. Fails to Operate on Demand 2- Degraded a Operates at Low Intensity 3- Incipient a Arcing 1- Catastrophic a Maximum Output b. No Output c. Stuck in Position 2- Degraded a Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 3- Incipient 1- Catastrophic a Maximum Output b. No Output c. No change of position with change of input 2- Degraded a Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 3- Incipient

2.2.2 Annunciators

2.2.3 Indicators 2.2.3.1 Electronic (single loool 2.2.3.2 Pneumatic

2.2.4 Recorders 2.2.4.1 Electronic 2.2.4.2 Pneumatic

2.0 INSTRUMENTATION 2.2 Control Room Instrumentation

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVEHTTY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

2.2.5 Computational Modules (Pneumatic)

1- Catastrophic a. Maximum Output b. No Output c. No Change of Output with Change of Input 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output

2.2.6 Totalizers (Pneumatic)

1- Catastrophic a. No Output 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output 1- Catastrophic a. No Output 2- Degraded a. Erratic Output b. High Output c. Low Output

2.2.7 Power Supplies (110 VAC Supply, 24 48 VDC Output)

2.2.8 Weight Scales

1- Catastrophic a. Maximum Output b. No Output c. No Change of Output 2- Degraded a. High Output b. Low Output

2.0 INSTRUMENTATION 2.2 Control Room Instrumentation

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

2.2.9 Switches (Electronic) 2.2.9.1 Voltaae WDC) lnout 2.2.9.2 Current Input 2.2.9.3 Theomocouple In out

1- Catastrophic a. Functioned without Signal b. Failed to Function when Signaled 2- Degraded a. Functioned at Improper Signal Level b. Intermittent Operation 3- Incipient a. In-service Problems

2.2.10 Distributed Control Systems (Not Developed) 2.2.11 Programmable Controllers (Not Developed)

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.1 Heat Transfer Devices

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY | SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

3.1.1 Fired 3.1.1.1 Direct Contact 3.1.1.1.1 No Internals

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage 0-1/4" b. Leakage >1/4" c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittlement c. Cracked or Rawed

3.1.1.1.2 Static internals 3.1.1.1.2.1 Tubed

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. O - 10% Row Area b. >10% Row Area c. Rupture d. Plugging 2- Degraded a. Restricted Row 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittlement c. Cracked or Rawed d. Erratic Flow

3.1.1.1.2.2 Non-Tubed

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage O - 1/4" b. Leakage >1/4" c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittlement a Cracked or Rawed

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.1 Ht Transfer Devices

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATINQ MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

3.1.1 Fired (Confd.) 3.1.1.1 Direct Contact (Conttt) 3.1.1.1.3 Moving Internals

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand 1- Catastrophic a Leakage O - 1/4" b. Leakage >1/4" c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. EmbrittJement c. Cracked or Rawed

3.1.1.2 Indirect Contact 3.1.1.2.1 No Internals

1 -4

3.1.1.2.2 Static Internals 3.1.1.2.2.1 Tubed

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a O- 10% Flow Area b. >10% Row Area c. Rupture d. Plugging 2- Degraded a. Restricted Flow 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrirtement c. Cracked or Flawed d. Erratic Row

3.0 PROCESS EQUIPMENT 3.1 Heat Transfer Device*

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY I SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERIPT FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 3.1.1 Fired (Cont'd.) 3.1.1.2 Indirect Contact ^Confd.) 3.1.1.2.2 Static internals (Confd.) 3.1.1.2.2.2 Non-Tubed

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage 0-1/4" b. Leakage >1/4" c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittlement c. Cracked or Rawed 1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.1.1.2.3 Moving Internals

1 -4

3.1.2 Non-Fired 3.1.2.1 Direct Contact 3.1.2.1.1 No Internals

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage 0-1/4" b. Leakage >1/4" c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittlement c. Cracked or Rawed

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.1 HMt Transfer Devices

APPENDIX A CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 3.1.2 Non-Fired (Cont'd.) 3.1.2/1 Direct Contact (Contd.} 3.1.2.1.2 Static Internals 3.1.2.1.2.1 Tubed

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. O - 10% Row Area b. >10% Flow Area c. Rupture d. Plugging 2- Degraded a. Restricted Row 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embnttlement c. Cracked or Rawed d. Erratic Flow

3.1.2.1.2.2 Non-Tubed

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage O - 1/4" b. Leakage >1/4" c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embnttlement c. Cracked or Rawed 1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.1.2.1.3 Moving Internals

1 -4

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.1 Heat Transfer Device*

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 3.1.2 Non-Fired (Cont'd.) 3.1 2.2 Indirect Contact 3.1.2.2.1 Tubed 3.1.2.2.2 Non-Tubed .1 Baffled .2 Non-Baffled .1 Moving

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand

.2 Static

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage O - 1/4* b. Leakage >1/4' c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embritttement c. Cracked or Rawed

3.0 PROCESS EQUIPMENT 3.2 Piping Systems

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

3.2.1 Metal 3.2.1.1 Straiaht Sections

1 -4 .1 1/4" - 1 1/2" .2 >1 1/2" - 4" .3 >4" - 6" .4 >6" - 10" .5 >10" - 16" .6 >16" .1 1/4" - 1 1/2" .2 >1 1/2" - 4" .3 >4" - 6" .4 >6" - 10" .5 >10" - 16" .6 >16" .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6
1/4" - 1 1/2" >1 1/2" - 4" >4" - 6" >6" - 10" >10" - 16" >16" 1/4" - 1 1/2" >1 1/2" - 4" >4" - 6" >6" - 10" >10" - 16" >16"

.1 Seamless .2 Welded

3.2.1.2 Fittings 3.2.1.3 Penetrations .1 Thermowell .2 Threadolet .3 Weldolet

1- Catastrophic a. O - 10% Flow Area b. >10% Flow Area c. Rupture d. Plugged 2- Degraded a. Restricted Flow 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittiement c. Cracked or Rawed d Erratic Flow

3.2.1.4 Connections

.1 .2 .3 .4 .5

Brazed Ranged Threaded Union Welded

3.2.1.5 Welds

.1 Factory .2 ReId

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.2 Piping Systems

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 3.2.2 Lined 3.2.2.1 Straiaht Sections 3.2.2.2 Fittings 3.2.2.3 Connections 3.2.2.4 Penetrations 3.2.2.5 Welds 3.2.3 Rigid Plastic 3.2.3.1 Straiaht Sections 3.2.3.2 Fittings 3.2.3.3 Connections 3.2.3.4 Penetrations ^Cemented) 3.2.4 Tubing Systems 3.2.4.1 Tubing 3.2.4.1.1 Metal 3.2.4.1.2 Non-Metal 3.2.4.2 Fittings 3.2.4.2.1 Metal 3.2.4.2.2 Non-MetaJ 3.2.5 Hoses 3.2.5.1 Metal 3.2.5.2 Non-Metal

I SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY

.1 Seamless .2 Welded

FAILURE DESCRIPTION 1- Catastrophic a. O - 10% Row Area b. >10% Flow Area c. Rupture d. Plugged 2- Degraded a. Restricted Flow 3- incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittlement c. Cracked or Rawed d. Erratic Flow

.1 0 - 6 " .2 >6" .1 0 - 6 " .2 >6" .1 0 - 6 " .2 >6"

1 -4

.1 .2 .3 .4

Brazed Ranged Threaded Welded

.1 0 - 6 " .2 >6" .1 0 - 6 " .2 >6" .1 0 - 6 " .2 >6"

.1 Cemented .2 Threaded

.1 0 - 4 " .2 >4"

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.3 Rotating Equipment

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

I SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY

2-4

FAILURE DESCRIPTION

3.3.1 Centrifuges (Driver Included) 3.3.1.1 Beit 3.3.1.2 Direct 3.3.1.3 Hydraulic

.1 Batch .2 Continuous .1 Liquid-Liquid .2 Liquid-Solid Alternating Running Standby

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while Running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command Fault d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.3 Rotating Equipment

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERfTY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

3.3.2 Compressor* 3.3.2.1 Electric Motor-Driven 3.3.2.1.1 O - 200 psi

.1 Single Stage .1 Centrifugal .2 Positive Displacement

Alternating Running Standby

1 -3

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage 1 - Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.3.2.1.2 >200 - 3000 psi

.1 Single Stage .1 Centrifugal .2 Positive Displacement .2 Multiple Stage .1 Centrifugal .2 Positive Displacement

Standby Alternating Running Alternating Running

1 -3 1 &2

3.3.2.1.3 >3000psi

.1 Multiple Stage .1 Centrifugal .2 Positive Displacement

Alternating Running

1 &2

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.3 Rotating Equipment

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILUREDESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 3.3.2 Compressors (Cont'd.) 3.3.2.2 Combustion Motor-Driven 3.3.2.2.1 Diesel 3.3.2.2.1.1 0-200 psi 3.3.2.2.1.1.1 Single Stage 3.3.2.2.1.1.1.1 Positive Displacement

Alternating Running Standby

1 -3

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage 1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.3.2.2.1.2 >200 - 3000 psi

.1 Single Stage

Alternating Running Standby Alternating Running

1 -3

.2 Multiple Stage

1 &2

3.3.2.2.2 Gas 3.3.2.2.2.1 0-200 psi 3.3.2.2.2.1.1 Single Stage 3.3.2.2.2.1.1.1 Positive Displacement

Alternating Running Standby

1 -3

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.3 Rotating Equipment

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 3.3.2 Compressors (Cont'd.) 3.3.2.2 Combustion Motor-Driven (Confd.) 3.3.2.2.2 Gas (Cont'd.) 3.3.2.2.2.2 >200-3000psi .1 Single Stage

Alternating Running Standby Alternating Running

1 -3 1 &2

.2 Multiple Stage

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.3.2.2.3 Gasoline 3.3.2.2.3.1 0-2OO psi 3.3.2.2.3.1.1 Single Stage 3.3.2.2.3.1.1.1 Positive Displacement

Alternating Running Standby

1 -3

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.3.2.2.3.2 >200- 3000 psi

.1 Single Stage

Alternating Running Standby Alternating Running

1 -3

.2 Multiple Stage

1 &2

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.3 Rotating Equipment

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 3.3.2 Compressors (Cont'd.) 3.3.2.3 Turbine Driven 3.3.2.3.1 Gas 3.3.2.3.1.1 0-00psi 3.3.2.3.1.1.1 Single Stage .1 Centrifugal .2 Positive Displacement

Alternating Running Standby

1 -3

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.3.2.3.2 >200-3000psi

.1 Single Stage

.1 Centrifugal .2 Positive Displacement

Alternating Running Standby Alternating Running

1 -3

.2 Multiple Stage

.1 Centrifugal .2 Positive Displacement

1 &2

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start/Command fault d. Fails to Start on demand e. Fails to stop on demand 2- Degraded a. External Leakage

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.3 Rotating Equipment

APPENDIX A CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION | OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

3.3.3 Blowers 3.3.3.1 Motor-Driven 3.3.3.2 Turbine-Driven

.1 Direct .2 Gear

Alternating Running Standby Running

1 -3

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Influx of Contaminants (Backflow)

.1 .2 .3 .4
.1 .2 .3 .4

Gas Steam Direct Gear

1 -3

3.3.4 Motor Driven Fan*

Beit Chain Direct Gear

Alternating Running Standby

1 &2

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Spurious Start/Command Fault (per standby hour) c. Fails to Start on Demand d. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.3.5 Extruders 3.3.5.1 Heated 3.3.5.2 Non-Heated 3.3.5.3 Cooled 3.3.5.4 Non-Cooled

Alternating Running

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Fails while Running a.1 Motor Failure a.2 Screw Failure a.3 High Viscosity b. Seal Rupture - External c. Fails to Start on Demand d. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.3.6 Mixers/Blenders 3.3.6.1 Mixers

.1 Liquid - Liquid .2 Liquid -Solid .3 Solid -Solid

Alternating Running

2-4

3.3.6.2 Blenders Solid - Solid

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Seal Rupture - External c. Seal Rupture - Influx d. Spurious Start/Command Fault e. Fails to Start on Demand f. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.3 Rotating Equipment

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

3.3.7 Pumps 3.3.7.1 AiC 3.3.7.2 Motor-Driven 3.3.7.2.1 Pressure 3.3.7.2.2 Vacuum .1 Centrifugal .2 Positive Displacement .2.1 Gear .2.2 Piston .1 Centrifugal .2 Positive Displacement

.10-100OHP .2>1000HP

Alternating Running Standby

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture c. Spurious Start d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand 2- Degraded a. Fails to Run at Rated Speed b. External Leak 3- Incipient a. High Vibration b. Over-temperature c. Over-current

3.3.7.3 Turbine-Driven 3.3.7.3.1 Gas 3.3.7.3.2 Steam

3.3.8 Rotary Agitator* 3.3.8.1 Direct-Driven 3.3.8.2 Gear-Driven

Alternating Running

2-4

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Seal External Rupture c. Seal Rupture - Influx d. Spurious Start/Command Fault e. FailstoStart on Demand f . Fails to Stop on Demand

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.4 Solid* Handling

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

3.4.1 Baggers/Packagers

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.4.2 Conveyors 3.4.2.1 Baft 3.4.2.2 Screw

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand 2- Degraded 1- Catastrophic a. Leakage 0-1/4* b. Leakage >1/4" c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittlement c. Cracked or Rawed 1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.4.2.3 Pneumatic

3.4.3 Elevators

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.4 Solids Handling

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

3.4.4 Feeders 3.4.4.1 Rotary 3.4.4.2 Vibrating

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.4.5 Separators 3.4.5.1 Baa Houses

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. External Leakage 0-1/4' c. External Leakage >1/4* d. Rupture e. Internal Leakage f. FailstoStart on Demand g. Fails to Stop on Demand 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittiement c. Cracked or Flawed

3.4.5.2 Cyclones

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage O - 1/4" b. Leakage >1/4" c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittiement c. Cracked or Rawed

3.0 PROCESSEQU(PMENT 3.4 Solids Handling

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 3.4.5 Separators (Cont'd.) 3.4.5.3 Classifiers

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand 1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. External Leakage O - 1/4" c. External Leakage >1/4" d. Rupture e. Internal Leakage f. Fails to Start on Demand g. Fails to Stop on Demand 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittlement c. Cracked or Rawed

3.4.5.4 Dust Collectors

3.4.5.5 Sifters

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.4.5.6 Screens 3.4.5.6.1 Rotary 3.4.5.6.2 Vibrating

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.4 Solids Handling

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 3.4.5 Separators (Cont'd.) 3.4.5.7 Magnets

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage O - 1/4" b. Leakage >1/4" c. Rupture 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittiement c. Cracked or Flawed

3.4.5.8 Electrostatic Predoitators

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. External Leakage O - 1/4" c. External Leakage >1/4" d. Rupture e. Internal Leakage f. Fails to Start on Demand g. Fails to Stop on Demand 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wail Thinning b. Embrittiement c. Cracked or Flawed

3.4.6 Size Reducers 3.4.6.1 Crushers 3.4.6.2 Chipoers 3.4.6.3 Cutters 3.4.6.4 Granulators 3.4.6.5 Grinders 3.4.6.6 Mills

1- Catastrophic a. Fails While Running b. Rupture (External Leakage) c. Internal Leakage d. Fails to Start on Demand e. Fails to Stop on Demand

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.5 Valves

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

I
3.5.1 Check Valves 3.5.1.1 Operated Stop Check 3.5.1.1.1 Manual 3.5.1.1.2 Motor 3.5.1.1.3 Pneumatic 3.5.1.2 Non-Ooerated Check 3.5.1.2.1 Swing Check 3.5.1.2.2 Stop Check

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Fails to Check b. Fails to Open c. Fails to Re-open 2- Degraded a. Significant Back-leakage

3.5.2 Manual Valves

.1 Normally Open .2 Normally Closed

.10-2" .2 >2-12" .3 >12"

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage O -10% b. Leakage >10% c. Rupture d. Normally Open/Fails Open e. Normally Closed/Fails Closed f. Normally Open/Fails Plugged Closed g. Normally Closed/Fails Open (Internal Leak) 2- Degraded 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittiement c. Cracked or Rawed d. Internal Leakage

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.5 Valvos

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE .1 Fail Close Actuator .2 Fail Open Actuator .3 Fail in Position Actuator PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

I
3.5.3 Operated Valves 3.5.3.1 Hydraulic

.1 Alternating (2-position Control) 1-4 .2 Continuous (Throttling Control) .3 Standby Open .4 Standby Closed

All Modes Catastrophic a. External Leakage b. Internal Leakage > 1% c. Spurious Operation d. No Change of Position on Demand Degraded a. Delayed Actuation Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embrittiement c. Cracked or Rawed d. Internal Leakage

3.5.3.2 Motor 3.5.3.3 Pneumatic 3.5.3.4 2-Wav Solenoid

Same as above Same as above .1 Single Coil Acturator

Same as above Same as above

1 -4 1 -4

.1 Alternating (2-Position Control) 1 -4 .2 Energized Standby Open .3 Energized Standby Closed .4 Deenergized Standby Open .5 Deenergized Standby Closed

.2 Dual Coil Actuator

.1 Alternating .2 Standby Open .3 Standby Closed .1 Alternating (2-Position Control) 1 -4 .2 Energized .3 Deenergized .1 Alternating .2 Standby All Modes Catastrophic a. Internal Leakage b. Vent Port Plugged c. Spurious Operation d No Change of Position on Demand

3.5.3.5 3-Wav Solenoid

.1 Single Coil Actuator

.2 Dual Coil Actuator

3.0 PROCESS EQUIPMENT 3.6 Vessels and Accumulators

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY I FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

.1 Reacting .1 Reid-Fabricated .1 Internals 3.6.1 Atmospheric .1 Metallic 3.6.2 Pressurized .2 Non-Metallic .2 Shop Fabricated .2 No Internals .2 Non-Reacting 3.6.3 Vacuum

1 -4

1- Catastrophic a. Leakage >1/4" b. Leakage 0-1/4" c. Rupture d. Plugging 2- Degraded a. Restricted Flow 3- Incipient a. Wall Thinning b. Embnttlement c. Cracked or Flawed d Erratic Flow

3.0 PROCESSEQUIPMENT 3.7 Miscellaneous

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

i
3.7.1 Electrolytic Cells 3.7.2 Seals/Gaskets .1 Rotating 3.7.2.1 Active .2 Sliding

.1 Lube

.1 Flow .2 Non-Flow

.1 0-15 psig .2 > 15-300 psig .3 >300psig

1 -4

Active Failure Modes: 1- Catastrophic a. Seizing (implies that shaft or stem stops) b. Leakage c. Rupture 2- Degraded a. Binding

.2 Non-Lube .1 Single Mechanical .2 Double Mechanical

3.7.2.2 Static 3.7.2.2.1 Flat 3.7.2.2.2 Ring 3.7.2.2.3 Wound

.1 Metallic

.2 NonMetallic
.3 Metal/ Non-Metal Composite

Alternating (>300 cydes/yr) Running (0-10 cycles/yr) Standby (10-300 cycles/ yr)

Static Failure Modes: 1- Catastrophic a. Leakage b. Blowout

4.0 PROTECTIONSYSTEMS

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATING MODE I PROCESS SEVERITY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

4.1 Corrosion 4.1.1 Cathodic 4.1.2 Chemical 4.2 Fjre 4.2.1 Explosion Suppression Systems 4.2.2 Fire Detection Systems 4.2.2.1 IH 4.2.2.2 Rate of Temperature Rise 4.2.2.3 Specific Ion 4.2.2.4 JLIY 4.2.3 Fire Suppression Systems 4.2.3.1 CO Systems 4.2.3.2 Water Systems 4.2.3.3 Drv Powder Svstems 4.2.3.4 Halon Svstems 4.2.4 Fire Water Pumps 4.2.4.1 Diesel 4.2.4.2 Electric .1 Gear/Shaft Driven .2 Hydraulically Driven

1- Catastrophic a. Fails to Operate b. Spurious Operation c. Plugged d. Leaks Through 2- Degraded a. Improper Operation b. Minor Leak Through 3- Incipient a. External Leakage b. Faulty Indication

1- Catastrophic a. Fails to Start b. Fails while Running 2- Degraded a. Low Output 3- Incipient a. Vibration b. Leakage

4.2.5 Atmospheric Gas Detection Systems 4.2.5.1 Flammable 4.2.5.2 Toxic

1- Catastrophic a. Failure to Operate on Demand b. Spurious Operation

4.0 PROTECTIONSYSTEMS

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY SERVICE DESCRIPTION | OPERATING MODE PROCESSSEVERlTY I I

2-4

EQUIPMENT DESpRIPTION

FAILURE DESCRIPTION

I
4.3 Prftssuf* 4.3.1 Blow-down Valves 4.3.1.1 Hvdraulicallv Ooerated 4.3.1.2 Pneumatically Ooerated

.1 Hydrocarbon, Oil .2 Hydrocarbon, Gas

1- Catastrophic a. Fails to Operate b. Spurious Operation c. Plugged d. Leaks Through 2- Degraded a. improper Operation b. Minor Leak Through 3- Incipient a. External Leakage b. Faulty Indication

4.3.2 Bursting Discs/Diaphragms 4.3.3 Safety Relief Valves 4.3.3.1 Pilot Operated 4.3.3.2 Soring-Loaded

1 -4
.1 Soft Seat .2 Metal Seat

1- Catastrophic a. Seat Leakage b. Fails to Open c. Spurious Operation c.1 Opens Prematurely c.2 Failure to Redose once Open d. Fails to Open on Demand 2- Degraded a. Interstage Leakage 3- Incipient a. Pilot Leakage

5.0 UTIUTIES

APPENDIX A - CCPS TAXONOMY EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION SERVICE DESCRIPTION OPERATiNQ MOOE PROCESSSEVERlTY FAILURE DESCRIPTION

5.1 Coolina Water Systems 5.2 Flare* 5.3 Gas Generators 5.3.1 Inert Gas Generation 5.3.2 Nitrogen Vaporization 5.4 Heatfna Systems 5.4.1 Hot Oil 5.4.2 Salt/Eutectlc 5.5 HVAC 5.6 Incinerators 5.7 Refriaeration 5.8 Steam Svstems 5.8.1 Fossil Fuel 5.8.2 Waste Heat