Chemical Calculation Revision Molar masses/masses 1 2 3 Calculate the mass of 0.500 mole of nitrogen molecules.

Find the number of moles of 104 g of ethyne, C 2H2. What would be the mass of 2.40 x 1024 ethanoic acid, C2 H4 O2 molecules?

Percentage composition 1 An adults bone weigh about 11 kg, and 50% of this mass is calcium phosphate, Ca 3(PO4)2 . What is the mass of phosphorus in the bones of an average adult?

Empirical Formulae/Molecular formulae 1 2.50 g of an unknown compound was found, on analysis, to consist of 60.0% carbon, 8.0% hydrogen and 32.0% oxygen. The unknown compound had a relative molecular mass of 200.0. Calculate the empirical formulae of the compound. An organic compound was known to contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. A 5.25 g sample was burnt completely in air. The products were water, 2.49 g, and carbon dioxide, 6.08 g. Determine (a) the empirical formula of the compound, (b) the molecular formula knowing that the compound has a molar mass of 228 g. 3 In an experiment, 15 g of sodium sulphate crystals on being heated left a residue of 7.95 g of the anhydrous salt. Calculate (a) the percentage of water of crystallization in the crystals, and (b) the value of x in the formula Na2 SO4 .xH2 O. Gas volume 1 10.0 dm3 of chlorine and 30.0 dm3 of hydrogen measured at r.t.p. react to form hydrogen chloride gas. H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) Calculate at r.t.p. (a) the limiting reactant, (b) the volume of hydrogen chloride gas produced. (c) the volume composition of the resultant mixture. 2 HCl (g)

Reacting masses and gas volume 1 A cook is making a small cake. It needs 500 cm3 (at r.t.p.) of carbon dioxide to make the cake rise. The cook decides to add baking powder, which contains sodium hydrogen carbonate. This generates carbon dioxide by thermal decomposition: 2 NaHCO3 (s) CO2 (g) + Na2 CO3 (s) + H2O (l)

What mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate must the cook add to the cake mixture. 2 Under certain conditions, 0.84 g of nitrogen gas reacts with oxygen to form 1.8 g of a gaseous oxide of nitrogen. Find the equation for the reaction.

Concentration 1 In an adult, the concentration of potassium ions in the blood ranges from 3.5 x 10-3 mol/dm3 to 5.3 x 10-3 mol/dm3. When a patient taking a diuretic has a blood test, the analyst finds that a 50 cm3 blood ample contains 3.9 x 10-3 g of potassium ions. Does the patient need to be given a potassium supplement? Calculate the mass of copper (II) oxide which will react with 600 cm3 of 0.2 moldm-3 sulphuric acid.

Volume analysis 1 2.00 g of an acid was dissolved in water and made up to 250 cm3 of solution in a volumetric flask. 20 cm3 of this acid required 24.3 cm3 of 0.103 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide for complete neutralization. If one mole of the acid release three moles of hydrogen ions, determine the relative molecular mass of the acid. 2 25.0 cm3 of a solution containing 4.20 g dm-3 of sodium hydroxide is neutralised by 26.5 cm3 of acid containing 8.37 g dm-3 of HXO. Calculate the relative atomic mass of X and identify X.

Percentage yield and purity 1 When 2.60 g of impure magnesium carbonate was treated with dilute hydrochloric acid, 1.10 g of carbon dioxide was produced. Calculate the percentage purity of the magnesium carbonate. In the oxidation of one mole of ethanol, C2H6O, one mole of ethanoic acid, C2H4O2 is obtained. Suppose we use 9.2 g of ethanol, mass of ethanoic acid is 9.0 g. What is the percentage yield of ethanoic acid?