Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
3/29/2009 2
[Hearts, Heads and Hands Together]
Objectives
1. To solve together the social issues and problems among Dai
people.
2. To try our best for getting the equal Human Rights as well as
other ethnic groups and organizations.
9. To outcome not only for the future leaders of Dai people but
also for becoming of the world leaders.
3/29/2009 3
[Hearts, Heads and Hands Together]
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1/ rav;&Sm;a&muf 'dkif&fvlrsKd;EG,fp\
k vlrIUa&;tcuftcJ jyóemrsm;udk pepfwus0dkif;0ef;ajz&Sif;&ef/
3/29/2009 4
[Hearts, Heads and Hands Together]
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
Dai History
Geographical Features of Dai Land
Dai Land is situated on the west of Mindat town, the northwest of Kanpetlet town, the
northeast of Paletwa town and the southeast of Matupi town. The Dai land is located in the
southern part of the Chin land (Chin state), Myanmar. It is also located between north latitude
20° 30' and 21° 30' , and between east longitude 93° 10' and 94° 10'. The longest part of its
land is about 120 miles (193.08 km) and the narrowest part is roughly 60 miles (96.54 km).
The Dai land is situated between 800 mto 3200 m above the sea level. The highest mountain in
Dai land is Khawnusuum(Mt.Victoria). Its has got slope ranges of mountains and a few plains
near the Laymyo river and Moun river.
Climate
Dai land has got three climates which are summer, winter and rainny season. The Dai land is
located in temperate zone. The temperature is between 5° C to 20° C. Especially the rainy
season is started the end of May and finished at the end of October.
Natural Resources
In Dai land there are many kinds of faunas and floras. The Dai land is the most plentiful of
natural resources in Chin state.
(a) Fauna
Tiger, bear, elephant, monkey, leopard, barking deer, fox, cat, snake, reptiles, amphibian,
birds and so on.
(b) Flora
Verities of wild orchid species, cherry, rhododendron, teak, timber, pine, bamboo species,
rattan and so on.
5
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
Population
In Dai land there are about 60,000 native people are inhabitants, within the original main
tribe there are many small minor ethnics. They are the original residents of Dai land. The
overall Dai population is estimate to be 90,000. The population of Dai people is the biggest
ethnic tribe of southern Chin state. Some of Dai people live in around Myanmar and all over
the world. By history researcher Dai people are derivative from Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto - Burma,
Kuki - Chin - Naga, Kuki - Chin, Chin - Dai.
Political Division
By Myanmar (Burma) government system Dai land is divided into four parts within
southern Chin state of Kanpetlet, Mindat, Matupi and Paletwa townships. Today Dai land is
comprises within Chin state, Myanmar. So the local government made to be separated of Dai
land and they used to called Kanpetlet Dai, Mindat Dai, Matu Dai and Paletwa Dai. In Chin
state Dai population is 10 percentage of Chin people. The biggest forest of Chin state is
situated in Dai land. There is no town, high school, hospital in Dai land. The military
government ruling systems make Dai people to be poor and not to be educated. Regrettably
there is no modern transportation system such as road, railway and air port in Dai land. Along
with it there is also neither of telecommunication nor internet system in there. So the Dai land
is one of the poorest development places of Myanmar and of the world.
Cuisine
Dai people used to cook and eat their cuisine within their festivals , ceremonies and every
day. The curry of Guuk Booi (cooking with as filtered water or lye) is the famous traditional
curry. The main component of Guuk Booi is produced from filtering water passing through
banana tree, straw, bamboos and medicinal herbs ash. Chicken with Dai coriander salad is the
favorite dish of Dai people. Roselle soup is the most popular soup of Dai people. Other cook-
ing methods are boiling, baking, roasting and barbecuing the vegetables and meats. The local
people make Khai Peh (boiled pack of snack, making by sticky rice with banana leaf) and
share to every body and neighbors within the days of harvesting and thanks giving day.
Medicinal herbs such as turmeric powder, ginger, mints, garlic, lemon grass, coriander, chives,
cinnamon, pepper, chilly are the most useful spices of Dai curry. Yaw Leng (cooking curry in
bamboo) is the most delicious dish of Dai traditional curry.
Religion
Recent thirty years ago Dai people are animist. Most of Dai people converted to Christian
within the previous two decades. Nowadays absolutely 99 percentage of Dai people are
Christian. In Dai land there are many Christian denominations such as roman Catholic, babtist,
Methodist, Brethren, Presbyterian and so on. Because of Christianity Dai people well
developed of social and spiritual knowledge.
6
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
Costumes
Dai people adorably used to wear traditional hand woven cotton clothes. Ladies and
women are found of wearing Phyang (look like shirt), Nghi Le(skirt), Yisa Sen, Yi Sa Pauk
(sewing towel for wearing waist to ankle). Prvious time men used to wear only Khyu
(underwear), Mengpem, Ng’ae, Nghai( ear lobe), L Pung (turban), Lu Sui (topknot), KKhum
Loi (two long tail of drongo), Aai Loi (long tail of cock). Women commonly dress Sungphui,
Myakang, Phui Song (Dai belt), Mole (colorful beads), Htae (bracelet), Ngthaen (ear lobe) Lu
Keh (hairpin). Only ladies tattoo on their faces, arm, calf (especially on their faces have fully
decorated tattoo style). There are many kind of faced tattoo styles, depend on their small
minor ethnic. Dai hand woven styles are high standard and quality until today. Women wave
blanket themselves for their family using.
Languages
Dai languages is the mother tongue of all Dai tribes, There are slightly different styles of
using their ethnic tongue those minor ethnic groups who live in Kanpetlet township and
Matupi township. Even though slightly different styles of using dialect each minority group
understand the other tongue. Dai literature is developed the year of around 1990s by the help
of German people. The alphabets are based on German alphabets. Dai language code is dao
and international standard organization number is 639-3. Part of the Christian bible, new
testament translation is finished on the year of 1996. Dai literature is widely used in Christian
religion. Dai people can speak other languages those ethnic groups who live near their region
such as Mün, Ya, Ubü, Matu and Burmese. There are trying to prepare for the publication of
Dai - English dictionary.
Education
In Dai land there are only basic education middle schools (from 5 years to 14 years
students). Basic primary school is nearly open in all villages but the local people can not learn
properly and functionally. Attached basic education high school is opened in a few villages of
Dai land. There are around 1000 educated people (Bachelor degree). Nowadays Dai people are
studying for their further education in various Christian colleges such as many capital cities of
Yangon, Falam, Mandalay, Kalay, Maymyo. So many of Dai people can not study for their
further education, only one percentage of Dai people can go to colleges or universities. So the
99 percentage of Dai people can not study other educations such as computer training, internet
training, polytechnic school and human resources training.
Health
There are some government clinics and dispensaries in some villages, but there is no medicine
in that dispensaries. People to the nearest Burmese villages and the cities to buy some drugs.
There are no doctors in Dai land. Sometimes the medical staffs and nurses visit to Dai land.
There is rarely found vaccination to Dai people by the help of government. Most commonly
facing diseases in Dai land are malaria, dengue fever, flu, gastric pain, bronchioles, diarrhea
and hepatitis.
7
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
Villages
There are more than 170 villages in Dai land. Among them large villages are Kuiimnu,
Kaaimnu, Khengimnu, Khengsanu, Hmuntunu, Thaiimnu, Lungimnu, Dukimnu, Msangimnu,
Yangimnu, Bawisanu, Thounu, Hmukhimding, Khayaing, Chan Pyan, Ram Thein, Pyawh,
Hmang Taung, Madu and Masatui village and so on. There are more than 100 houses in large
villages and around 20 houses in small villages.
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10
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
“'dkifvlrsKd;EG,fpkrsm;”
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Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
“'dkifvlrsKd;EG,fpkrsm;”
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Resettlement Program Health & Safety Program Social & Relligious Program Women & Children Program
Religious Groups
International
Citizens
Dai Societies
Unrecognized Women
refugees &
Children
Detention Camps
Police
& Prisons
RELA &
Immigration
Dai Community Structure and Relationship with UNHCR, NGOs and others
15
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
NGOs
& Dai Refugees
Religious Groups
Dai refugees really need the help of UNHCR, NGOs and Religious Groups
Chin Land
Location:
The Chin land locates in Southeast Asia and lies between the longitude 92.15ºE and Chin
land 97º E, and in between the latitude 18ºN and 27.30ºN. Bangladesh is to its Southwest,
Manipur State of India is to its Northwest, China is to its North, Burma is to its East, and
Arakan is to its South.
Geographical Features:
With an area of circa 36000 square kilometres, the present day Chinland - a mountainous
landscape stretching along the present day Indo-Burma border - is slightly smaller than Swit-
zerland. Chinland is rich in natural flora (orchids etc) and fauna (Elephant, Tiger, Bear, Wild
Boar, Various kinds of monkeys, barking deer, wild goat and various kinds of birds) and
alpine flora is very common in the country.
The highest mountain in Chinland is Khawnutum (Mount Victoria). The biggest river in
Chinland is known as Kaladan river. The biggest lake is called Rih Lake.
Climate:
Chin land has a mild hot wet climate. April and May are the hottest months of the year
where average temperatures of the months range from 60º F (15.5º C) to 80º (21º C).
Average temperature in the cold seasons is below 40º F (4.4º C). In the cold seasons,
temperatures fall as low as freezing point of water in the higher parts of mountains.
Average annual rainfall is 80 – 120 inches. The Southern part of Chinland gets more due to
the storms come from Bay of Bengal.
Population:
The population of the present Chin state (in Burma) is circa half million. And the Chin
People inhabiting in Chin land and its territories are approximately one and half million.
People:
The Chins are of the Mongoloid race and descended from central China southwards and
settled in the present Chin land. The Chins are composed with several tribes such as: Asho
tribe, Cho Tribe, Dai Tribe, Khumi Tribe, Kuki Tribe, Laimi Tribe, Lushai Tribe , Zomi
Tribe, and so on.
National Symbols:
Hornbill, Mythun or Gayal, and Rhododendron are national symbols of the Chins.
Highest Mountain Khawnutuam (Mt. Victoria)Biggest River Kaladam River Biggest Lake
Rih Lake.
Religions in Chinland:
Christian over 70% of the population Buddhist, animist and others about 30%.
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Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
As Chin land is endowed by many dales and hills as well as enriched by various floras and
faunas, the culture and literature of the Chins are also diverse and rich though embedded in
a single domain (or) ascended from a single domain, the Chin.
There are no fundamental differences in Chin language and cultures, however, the Chins
have minor differences in their language and culture to suit different environments accepting
them as verities of tradition and as the richness of Chin literature and culture.
The Chins are rich in folk tales, folk dances, folk music, as well as musical instruments.
The Chin cultural heritages are preserved, maintained, and transformed from one generation
to another by oral history before the Chins have writing system in early 1900s. The arrival of
Christian missionaries in early 1900s, again, enhanced the culture and language of the Chins
into a more sophisticate ways. Today, over seventy percent of the Chins are Christians but
some minorities of the Chins are also devotees of Buddhism, Traditional Chin religion, and
others.
The Chin language descended from Tibeto-Burman language domain. However, each
tribal group speaks its own dialect, but Burmese is widely used in Chin land due to Burmani-
zation of military regime for over five decades. The Chins are known as honest, tolerant,
brave, and religious people. This distinctness of language and culture indicate that the Chins
are one of the indigenous peoples in their own land.
Representing the local names of administrative townships in Chin State and their languages
Val Bualkhua
Saizang Taisun
Phaileeng Lente
18
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
The map of Chin State (1)
19
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
20
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
21
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
22
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
Chin tribes list in Malaysia
There are 53 Chin tribes in Myanmar. Each indigenous group has its own language and culture. Here
are some Chin tribes lists and that people are living in Malaysia as refugee status.
1. Chin, Asho
2. Chin, Bawm
3. Chin, Bualkhaw
4. Chin, Chinbon
5. Chin, Dai
6. Chin, Falam(Zanniat)
7. Chin, Lai(Hakha)
8. Chin, Khumi
9. Chin, Khumi Awa
10.Chin, Mara
11.Chin, Mro
12.Chin, Mün
13.Chin, Ngawn
14.Chin, Paite
15.Chin, Senthang
16.Chin, Siyin(Sizang)
17.Chin,Thwar
18.Chin,Tedim
19.Chin,Thado
20.Chin, Zotung
21.Chin, Mizo(Lushay)
22.Chin, Meitei
23.Chin, Thado
24.Chin, Zophei
25.Chin, Zo
26.Chin, Matu
27.Chin, Lautu
28.Chin, Laymyo
29.Chin, Ya
30.Chin, Guite
31.Chin, Mie
32.Chin, Mirum
33.Chin, Paite
34.Chin, Phaileeng
35.Chin,Val
36.Chin, Saizang
37.Chin,Teizang
38.Chin,Vangteh
39.Chin, Losau
40.Chin, Dim
41.Chin, Makaan
42.Chin, Zokhua
Activities of DCM 25
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
26
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
‘Southern Chin tribe women faced tattoos and traditional costume Chin men’
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Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
2. Chaung Yaing 15
3. Phon Im 2
5. Pyawh 5
8. Paam Taung 6
11. Ngsaung 1
13. Yaam Se 3
17. Madata 2
24. Loi Ta 14
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Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
26. Tui Li 12
28. Ma Aung 4
36. Thaiimnu 20
40. Lung Tu 6
41. Hmuntanu 7
43. Har Tu 16
44. Ma Du 4
45. Mi Tu 4
46. Kawi Ca 2
47. Vui Lu 6
48. Boi Du 1
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Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
50. Kheng Ca 3
51. Thung Na 1
52. Mara Ro 1
53 Thung Tui 1
55. Mashwe 5
60. Leih Ca 3
61. Masatui 1
62. Om Shwi 5
63. Uk Phou 5
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Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
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Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
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Dai Community in Malaysia
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