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How Chin Capital Was Moved - Chinland Today

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How Chin Capital Was Moved

Friday, August 24, 2012, 8:56 Cahram, Lawrkhawm 8 views 7 comments

How Chin Capital Was Moved

By. Dr. Vumson Suantak

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(This is a comment I wrote on the Chin State Capital in response to Dr. Lian Hmung Sakhongs book. He writes) Since the arrival of the British, Haka became the capital of Eastern Chinram. To my recollection Haka had never been the capital of Eastern Chinram until 1964. Let me give an account of the Eastern Chinram capital. When the British annexed the Chin Hills, they first established their camp at Thangmual, calling it Fort White after General White, who was the commander of the army that subdued the Sizang and surrounding areas. Fort White was in the Sizang area. In 1892, the Sizang chiefs and other chiefs of the general Tedim area planned the assassination of Carey, who was the political officer. The players were Thuam Thawng of Kaptel, his son Pau Dal, Khan Dal, chief of Heilei, and the Sizang chiefs. They invited Mr. Carey saying that they were to give him some presents. However, on the appointed day Mr. Carey was ordered by his superiors to go somewhere else and the Myo-Ok who was an Arakanese was to come to receive the presence.. The plotters decided that as the Myo-ok , being an agent of the British should be welcome and assassinated. The plotters then informed and received their approval from the Lusei, Haka, Tlasun, and Zahau chiefs. Due to the assassination, the British moved their headquarters then to Falam, and Falam became the capital of the Chin Hills District. At that time the Chin Hills District covered the Tedim, Falam and Hakha districts. The Chin Hills Battalion was stationed in Falam. Its soldiers were a mix of Indian sepoys and local recruits. The higher-ranking officers were British until local recruits were promoted as officers. The deputy commissioner was the highest authority at Falam. They created a post and telegraph offices, and a police force that was stationed in Falam. Thus Falam became the Chin Hills District Capital since 1892. At independence, Matupi, Mindat (Kanpetlet) formerly of Pakokku district and Paletwa district, formerly of Arakan, were added to the Chin Hills District. Together this region was called the Chin Special Division, with the capital in Falam. The Minister of the Chin Affairs Pu Vumtu Maung, a Cho from Mindat, however did not sit in Falam, but sat in Rangoon together with the cabinet members of the Union Government. The Commissioner of the Chin Special Division did sit in Falam and most of the administration was under his jurisdiction. Thereafter, Pu Sing Htang and Pu Za Hre Lian were Ministers for the Chin Affairs under the AFPFL governments. They sat in Rangoon.

In 1958 the ruling AFPFL party split into two factions and the Stable AFPFL had the majority. Thus Pu Ral Hmung, a native of Haka district, became the Chin affairs minister. He
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ordered the transfer of the Chin Capital to Haka immediately after becoming the minister. But before it was implemented, General Ne Win, who was the Prime Minister of the Caretaker Government at that time, gave Ral Hmung an ultimatum, to resign or be fired. Ral Hmung resigned and the transfer was not implemented. When General Ne Win took over power the second time in 1962, he handpicked the members of the Chin Council and appointed Major Son Kho Lian as the Chairman. Son Kho Lian set up his administration at Kalemyo, in order to facilitate communication with Rangoon, the Union Capital, and easier access to the fertile Kale-Kabaw- Myttha Gangaw Valley. The Burman had once protested the presence of the Chin administration in Kalemyo. This time some Burman from the Stable AFPFL complained to Ne Win that the Chin administration had no place in Kalemyo because Kalemyo had been a Shan Burman town and did not belong to the Chins. At a meeting between Ne Win, Son Kho Lian and several Council members, Northern Burma Army Commander Colonel Lun Tin, his deputy Colonel Van Kulh, Pu Tuang Hmung, the Chin Council Secretary, and his deputy Pu Ngun To, Ne Win told Son Kho Lian that he wanted him to transfer his administration somewhere else. Ne Win said that it was an annoyance and he did not care where the administration would be moved. Son Kho Lian and his council members contemplated where it would best be moved, and some suggested to Webula just north of Kalemyo or the other to Gangaw area at Chin Special Division and Burma border. After the meeting Lun Tin told Son Kho Lian that he should take it easy and the old man would change his mind. Some time after returning to his headquarters in Mandalay, Lun Tin had to go away for a few days. In the mean time, Colonel Van Kulh had been coordinating with Ngun To when to move the capital to Haka. Both Van Kulh and Ngun To were native to the Haka district. When the absence of Tuang Hmung and Lun Tin from their offices coincided, Van Kulh sent a telegram to the Secretary of the Chin Council to move the administration to Haka. On receiving the telegram, Ngun To implemented the transfer of the Chin administration to Haka by day and night although it was during the rainy season and travel most difficult in the Chin Hills. When Lun Tin learned about the transfer order, he sent another telegram to Kalemyo, but Ngun To hid it until the transfer was completed. Colonel Lun Tin launched an investigation on what had been done on the move of the Chin administration from Kalemyo to Haka. At the same time there was a scandal in the Agricultural Department of the Ne Win government in which Lun Tin had a hand. With Colonel Lun Tins departure from the military the case was closed. With this maneuver, Haka got the capital and the Chin lost their access to the fertile land of their forefathers, which they shared with the Shan. Most importantly, the transfer to Haka did not happen until that time, and not Since the arrival of the British as the author claims. ( Pu Lian Uk suggested that Van Kulh might face some disciplinary action if he was involved in such a matter. I believe that had Lun Tin was not removed from his post Col. Van Kulh might face some disciplinary action but luckily that did not happened. As Lun Tin was fired and ..) Source: Falam Post

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7 Comments on How Chin Capital Was Moved

Siyin Chin wrote on 24 August, 2012, 14:06 I have recently read the same ariticle in Nikonghong blog..TQ Thangte wrote on 26 August, 2012, 0:14 Zangfahten Laica in inlet sak thei uhla a va tha ding nan ve.Mirangca ziar tha thei mumal lo kan tam asi hi slnunsiar wrote on 26 August, 2012, 7:48 Lai ram khaw pi nan ti ih Mirang ca in nan rawn ngan cu. Lai ca in ngan sawn seh la kan thei tam deuh dg ka zum. Mirang ram a si lo aw. E.Benjamin wrote on 26 August, 2012, 16:35 Yes! its still suprise how the Capital of Chin Land move to Hakha from from Falam, to most of the Chin people, I have been also thinking,searching the true reason of this Change, but its covered for me, covered for most of the Chin people, but most of them think in the written above, the same I did. Ive discussed to some friends except Hakha people got sock,suprised, only Hakha friends used to say simply because Hakha is matured now, but Falam is weak, its true, their words also proved the same written above.This Change will not build the whole Chin for the betterment of Chin people. Michael Van wrote on 27 August, 2012, 1:54 A liamcia a si nan,,Chin Affairs Pu Vumtu Maung, Falam ih a rak to lo asi khal le Pu Za Hre Lian tal hi rak to sehla cu maw. Thangte wrote on 27 August, 2012, 18:19

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@Michael Van, Si tuk rori ! Cu ruangah tla asi pei cu Salai Sun Ceu ih Lairam ah duhdawtnak par rak par bangta sehla ziang tlukin Lairam a mawi ding? tin a rak sak rero .aw! Falam Lian Lian wrote on 21 November, 2012, 13:40 1. During Deputy Commissioner of Falam was head of Chin Hills ni 1896, Chin Hills capital was indeed Falam. But at that time, only Falam, Hakha, Tiddim was included in Chin Hills District and Kanpalet, Mindate and Paletwah were not in Chin Hills. Again, Falam DC was also jurisdiction of commissioner from magwe Division. So, the Falam was not the capital of all the Chins. 2. At independence, Chin Special Division was created and Commissioner was sifted from Magwe to Falam. But, Commissioner was not the head of Chin Division. The Head was Chin Affairs Council and all the ruling Chin Ministers sat in Rangon. So, Falam was not Chin capital after the independence. 3. In 1962, Newin took power and the Chin Council was created with Chairman major Son Kho Lian and members. They were no longer Union Cabinet Minister in Union Ministry. So they all were ordered to move their head office from Rangon to their respective States and the Chin Council office was indeed moved to Kalaymyo not Falam. At that time, commisioner sat in Falam, but Secretary U Tuang Hmung and all Chin Council sat in Kalaymyou. So Falam wast not the capital station. 4. General Ne Win ordered all Chin Council not to sit in Kalaymyo but to move somewhere in Chin State. So, North-west Commander Col. Luntin and Chin Council members decided to move their capital to Hakha with the proposal of Vumthu Hashing. So Hakha was became the Chin Capital from the date of Chin Council was stationed in July 1995. This time Falam was still commissioner office, but Hakha already became Chin capital city. 5. In 1966, the Commissioner office of Falam was also moved to Hakha by Chin Council Secretary U Khin Ngunt and Chairman Son Kho Pau, not by Hakha people nor Col. Vankulh. Hakha became a Capital not because of having commissioner office but because of the Chin Council (Chin U-si) was moved from Kalaymyo.

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