Digital Microwave Radio Systems MDRS 155

OSPF Functions and Commands

MDRS 155 S Release 4.3 MDRS 155 E Release 2.3 SR1
05PHA00065AEY CUA Version: 0002; 07.2004

Marconi Communications GmbH D-71520 Backnang Telefon (07191) 13-0 Telefax (07191) 13-3212 http://www.marconi.com Copyright 2004 by Marconi Communications GmbH (hierin bezeichnet als Marconi) nderungen vorbehalten Gedruckt in Deutschland Marconi, Marconi Communications, das Marconi Logo, Skyband, MDRS, MDMS und ServiceOn Access sind eingetragene Markenzeichen von Marconi Communications GmbH. Windows ist ein eingetragenes Markenzeichen der Microsoft Corporation, Redmond. Marconi Communications GmbH D-71520 Backnang Telephone +49 (7191) 13-0 Telefax +49 (7191) 13-3212 http://www.marconi.com Copyright 2004 by Marconi Communications GmbH (herein referred to as Marconi) Specifications subject to change Printed in Germany Marconi, Marconi Communications, the Marconi logo, Skyband, MDRS, MDMS and ServiceOn Access are trademarks of Marconi Communications GmbH. Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation, Redmond.

OSPF Functions and Commands

Contents

Contents
1 OSPF and MDRS.............................................................................................. 1-1
1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 IP router ................................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2.1 Brief description .............................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2.2 Router features ............................................................................................................... 1-2 1.2.3 Configuration................................................................................................................... 1-2

"Telnet" Command Set.................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 2.2 2.3 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 2-1 Commands of all command levels ..................................................................................... 2-1 Commands of the "Telnet" command level ...................................................................... 2-2

2.4 Commands of the "OSPF" command level ....................................................................... 2-3 2.4.1 General commands ........................................................................................................ 2-3 2.4.2 OSPF configuration memories........................................................................................ 2-3 2.4.2.1 OSPF Configuration Memory Management................................................................ 2-3 2.4.3 Commands for editing an area ....................................................................................... 2-4 2.4.4 Commands for editing interfaces .................................................................................... 2-4 2.4.5 Commands for editing static routes ................................................................................ 2-5 2.4.6 Commands for combining IP networks........................................................................... 2-6 2.4.7 Commands for configuring a "virtual link" ....................................................................... 2-6 2.4.8 Commands for changing the "Router ID"........................................................................ 2-7 2.4.9 Commands for AS statistics............................................................................................ 2-7

Router Connections ........................................................................................ 3-1

3.1 "Embedded" Telnet session ............................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 LMT ................................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.2 MSP ................................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.2 3.3 Telnet session via a Windows PC ...................................................................................... 3-1 Telnet session via workstation........................................................................................... 3-1

Configuration Help .......................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 4-1 Logging in............................................................................................................................. 4-1 Static routes ......................................................................................................................... 4-1 Dynamic OSPF routing ........................................................................................................ 4-2

Status Tables ................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 Configurations in the AS ..................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1.1 Interface assignment ...................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1.2 Area parameters ............................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1.3 Static routes .................................................................................................................... 5-2

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OSPF Functions and Commands Combined IP networks.................................................................................................... 5-2 Virtual links...................................................................................................................... 5-2

5.2 Requesting statistics data................................................................................................... 5-3 5.2.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 5-3 5.2.2 Examples of system responses ...................................................................................... 5-3 5.2.2.1 Area overview.............................................................................................................. 5-3 5.2.2.2 Overview of external routes......................................................................................... 5-3 5.2.2.3 Overview of the router configuration ........................................................................... 5-4 5.2.2.4 Overview of the interface configuration....................................................................... 5-4 5.2.2.5 Overview of the link state database ............................................................................ 5-4 5.2.2.6 Analysis of a LSA ........................................................................................................ 5-5 5.2.2.7 Overview of OSPF neighbors...................................................................................... 5-5 5.2.2.8 Overview of the routing table....................................................................................... 5-6

Complementary Explications.......................................................................... 6-1

6.1 "Virtual link" using the MDRS 155 Digital Microwave Radio System ............................. 6-1 6.1.1 "Unnumbered" interface.................................................................................................. 6-1 6.1.2 "Demand circuit".............................................................................................................. 6-1 6.1.3 Router ID......................................................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Uploading and downloading router data ........................................................................... 6-2 6.2.1 Router data upload ......................................................................................................... 6-2 6.2.1.1 MDRS 155 S with LMT................................................................................................ 6-2 6.2.1.2 MDRS 155 E with MSP ............................................................................................... 6-2 6.2.1.3 MDRS 155 S with SOA ............................................................................................... 6-2 6.2.1.4 MDRS 155 E with SOA ............................................................................................... 6-2 6.2.2 Router data download..................................................................................................... 6-3 6.2.2.1 MDRS 155 S with LMT................................................................................................ 6-3 6.2.2.2 MDRS 155 E with MSP ............................................................................................... 6-3 6.2.2.3 MDRS 155 S with SOA ............................................................................................... 6-3 6.2.2.4 MDRS 155 E with SOA ............................................................................................... 6-3

II

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Figures

Figures
Fig. 1-1 Fig. 2-1 Router interface ................................................................................................................ 1-1 OSPF configuration memory........................................................................................... 2-3

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Tables

Tables
Table 2-1 Table 2-2 Table 2-3 Table 2-4 Table 2-5 Table 2-6 Table 2-7 Table 2-8 Table 2-9 Table 2-10 Table 5-1 Table 5-2 Table 5-3 Table 5-4 Table 5-5 Table 5-6 Table 5-7 Table 5-8 Table 5-9 Table 5-10 Table 5-11 Commands of all command levels ................................................................................ 2-1 Commands of the "Telnet" command level .................................................................. 2-2 Commands of the OSPF command level ...................................................................... 2-3 Commands for editing an area....................................................................................... 2-4 Commands for interface editing .................................................................................... 2-4 Commands for editing static routes.............................................................................. 2-5 Commands for combining IP networks......................................................................... 2-6 Commands for configuring a "virtual link"................................................................... 2-6 Commands for changing the "Router ID" ..................................................................... 2-7 Commands for AS statistics........................................................................................... 2-7 Interface assignments..................................................................................................... 5-1 Area parameters .............................................................................................................. 5-1 Routing table of static routes......................................................................................... 5-2 Net range .......................................................................................................................... 5-2 Virtual links ...................................................................................................................... 5-2 Area overview .................................................................................................................. 5-3 AS-external LSAs ............................................................................................................ 5-3 Interface configuration.................................................................................................... 5-4 Link State Database ........................................................................................................ 5-4 OSPF neighbors .............................................................................................................. 5-5 OSPF routing table .......................................................................................................... 5-6

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Abbreviations

Abbreviations
Abbreviation 10BaseT ABR AS ASBR DCC DCCM DCCR ECC IDU IF IP IR LAN LMT LSA LSDB MSP noadv OSPF RFC (...) SOA SOH STM-1 TCP TOS WAN WS Meaning Ethernet -Standard for local baseband networks, 10 Mbit/s Autonomous Border Router Autonomous System Autonomous System Boundary Router Data Communication Channel Data Communication Channel in the MSOH Data Communication Channel in the RSOH Embedded Control Channel Indoor Unit Interface Internet Protocol Internal Router Local Area Network Local MaintenanceTerminal (Service PC) Link State Advertisement Link State Database Modular Service PC no advertisement Open Shortest Path First Request for Comment (on Internet Standard) ServiceOn Access Section Overhead Synchronous Transport Module 155 Mbit/s Transmission Control Protocol Type of Service Wide Area Network Workstation

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OSPF and MDRS

1
1.1

OSPF and MDRS

Introduction

This version of MDRS 155 S and MDRS 155 E Digital Microwave Radio Systems is equipped with a dynamic IP router. These systems can be monitored and controlled via TCP/IP and are appropriate for transmitting and routing IP data within TCP/IP networks. The transmission bandwidth of the IP channel is about 170 kbit/s when using the DCCR and about 360 kbit/s when using the DCCM. The DCCR and DCCM are data channels for transporting management data in the SOH included in the STM-1 data stream. The implementation of OSPF is based on OSPF version V2 in compliance with RFC 2328. The IP protocol is based on IPV4 in compliance with RFC 791.

1.2
1.2.1

IP router
Brief description

In TCP/IP networks, MDRS 155 S and MDRS 155 E Digital Microwave Radio Systems operate as OSPF routers. Both sides of the Digital Microwave Radio System are working as an IP router each. The IDU or ECC Gateway of the Digital Microwave Radio System is equipped with a LAN interface and WAN interface. The LAN interface is made available at a RJ45 port located on the front panel. The WAN interface is implemented via one of the ECCs over the radio link and is not accessible by the user. In the OSPF network, the radio link set up via the selected ECC represents a so-called "unnumbered point-to-point link without an own IP address. The static route via the radio link is established automatically and does not appear in the OSPF routing table. The special feature is that both routers know the LAN IP address of the far end. Thus, from the logic view a radio link can be considered as one single router.

LAN 10BaseT

LAN 10BaseT

2
Line side DCCR/DCC M QD2 RS-485 Radio side DCCR/DCCM (ECC) QD2 RS-485 Line side DCCR/DCCM

Fig. 1-1

Router interface

The OSPF router in the MDRS 155 is equipped with Interface Interface

LAN 10BaseT interface (IDU or ECC Gateway) ECC via radio link

The ECC is configured using the LMT or MSP Operator program.

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1.2.2

Router features

The routers available in the MDRS 155 S and MDRS 155 E are fully functional OSPF routers. They interact with third-party systems without any problems. Some special features must be taken into consideration as the MDRS 155 processor executes all management functions for the Digital Microwave Radio System. The number of possible dynamic routing entries is limited to 2000. Entries exceeding this maximum will be discarded. The OSPF router in the MDRS 155 can manage two areas. In addition, static routing entries are possible which are managed within the AS. The latter permits the OSPF router in the system to be used as Internal Router (IR); Area Border Router (ABR); Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR).

When used as ABR, this router also manages a stub area. In stub areas, AS-external LSAs are not propagated. The OSPF router in the MDRS 155 can also be configured for a so-called "totally stubby area. In this case, summary LSAs are no longer imported from the AS. If static routes are configured despite OSPF, they can be individually assigned attributes determining their handling and processing in the AS.

1.2.3

Configuration

The OSPF router in the MDRS 155 is configured via the TCP/IP network or serially using a so-called "embedded" Telnet session in the LMT Operator software or MSP appplication via the serial interface. Please note that the following parameters can be set both via the LMT and MSP Operator programs: IP address of the system; Network mask; Gateway.

With MDRS 155 S, the passwort can be adjusted only via the SOA Network Management System. The "User Name" does not have to be set. It is "marconi" in the as-delivered state.

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"Telnet" Command Set

2
2.1

"Telnet" Command Set

Introduction

All "Telnet" commands must be entered in small letters. Confirm each entry by pressing the "Enter" key. Enter a blank between the command, address and attributes. Separate the status entry or attribute value by means of a "=" symbol. Do not enter any additional blanks here.

2.2

Commands of all command levels

Command help Command syntax (list of options) help Table 2-1 Description Shows all available commands

Commands of all command levels

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2.3

Commands of the "Telnet" command level

Command syntax (list of options) arp <ip adress> [-a] [-d] [-s] exit ifstat netstat [-a] [-r] [-s] ospf ping <ip address> [timeout] ping -s <ip address> [count] route -a uptime traceroute [-m <maxhops>] [-q <nqueries>] [-f] [-i initial_ttl] [-l] [-n] [-Q maxquit] [-r] [-S] [-v] [-c stoptime] [-p port] [-s source_addr] [-t tos] [-w waittime] <host> [packetsize] version reboot now Description Assignment of the IP address to the MAC address [-a] Displays the ARP table; [-d] Deletes an entry, e.g. arp -d <ip_addr>; [-s] Adds an entry, e.g. arp -s <ip_addr> <eth_addr>; Closes a Telnet session (not embedded Telnet session "LMT). Displays the list of all interfaces. [-a] Displays active connections; [-r] Displays the Routing table; [-s] Displays protocol statistics. Changes over to the 'ospf' command level. Sends an ICMP echo request to another IP subscriber. [timeout] Maximum response time [count] Number of ICMP requests Outputs the Routing table. Displays as to how long the system has been operating without a reboot. Outputs the route to a destination address. [-m <maxhops>] Sets the "time to live" box (max. number of hops) in the IP header (1-255); [-q <nqueries>] Number of requests (in packets) to be sent; Prevents fragmentation; Set an initial 'time to live' (default: ttl=1); Lists ttl values; Outputs numeric addresses; Maximum number of consecutive timeouts; Bypasses normal routing; Displays per hop statistics values; Verbose mode: delivers more information; Delay time between two requests sent to a Cisco router; Specification of a special UDP port for requests; Source IP address; [-t tos] Sets the TOS field in the IP header (0-7); Sets the waiting time for a response (default: 3 seconds); Destination address; Packet size of ICMP packets to be sent; Displays the current software version. Reboots the ECC Gateway. In consequence, the network element logs off from the SOA for the duration of the reboot process. The current Telnet connection is interrupted. Please note that the OSPF router is also rebooted, i.e. all OSPF routes will get lost temporarily. STM-1 signal transmission is not affected. Outputs the current setting of the IP address, sub-net mask and standard Gateway. Input of a new IP address, sub-net mask and standard Gateway. The parameters can also be applied individually. To activate the configuration, a "Reboot" must be performed (command: reboot now). Commands of the "Telnet" command level

Command arp

exit ifstat netstat ospf ping

route uptime traceroute

version reboot

ipnvconf

ipnvconf <cr> [inet <ip-address>] [netmask <netmask>] [gw <standard-gateway>] Table 2-2

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"Telnet" Command Set

2.4
2.4.1

Commands of the "OSPF" command level

General commands
Command syntax (list of options) activate cancel config load quit restart save Table 2-3 Description Activates all entries and quits the configuration level. Quits the configuration mode without saving entries made. Changes over to the configuration mode. Downloads the OSPF configuration data to the OSPF kernel. Changes over to the OSPF command level. Restarts the OSPF process and deletes the LSDB. Saves all current settings. Commands of the OSPF command level

Command activate cancel config load quit restart save

2.4.2 2.4.2.1

OSPF configuration memories OSPF Configuration Memory Management

Three memories are used for storing and managing OSPF configuration data (see Fig. 2-1): 1. The current operating configuration is contained in a volatile RAM. 2. For changing the current operating configuration, an independent configuration memory is available. The latter is used to intermediately save the new configuration data to the volatile RAM before the relevant changes are activated. 3. The non-volatile memory stores all configuration data saved and holds these even in case of a power supply failure.
Command input Command Line Interface (CLI)

Current 1 operating configuration (running config) activate 2 config Changed configuration (changed config)

RAM

RAM

save

load

Saved configuration (saved config) Non-volatile memory EEPROM

Fig. 2-1

OSPF configuration memory

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"Telnet" Command Set

OSPF Functions and Commands

The configuration data for the current operating configuration are always uploaded from the non-volatile memory after booting the processor. To ensure that only valid and tested OSPF configuration data are saved to the non-volatile memory, only data of the currently running operating configuration can be saved to this memory (command: "Save").

2.4.3
Command area delete area edit attribute

Commands for editing an area

Command syntax (list of options) area delete <area address> area edit <area address> [stub=(no|yes)] [importsum=(no|yes)] [stubcost=<integer>] area add <area address> [stub=(no|yes)] [importsum=(no|yes)] [stubcost=<integer>] area show Table 2-4 Description Deletes an area. Changes an existing area. Configures the selected area as stub area. Summary LSAs can be/must not be imported into the area. Costs incurring within the stub area. Adds a new area. Configures the selected area as stub area. Summary LSAs can be/must not be imported into the area. Costs incurring within the stub area. Displays a list of all areas configured. Commands for editing an area

area add attribute

area show

2.4.4
Command interface delete interface edit attribute

Commands for editing interfaces

Command syntax (list of options) if delete<integer> if edit <integer> [priority=<integer>] [xmt=<integer>] [rxmt=<integer>] [hello=<integer>] [cost=<integer>] [poll=<integer>] [dead=<integer>] [passive=(no|yes)] Description Deletes the interface at the OSPF level. Edits an existing interface. Router priority in the interface network; Delay time for sending out LSAs; Interval between the repetition of LSAs; Hello interval in seconds; Output-side costs of the interface; Polling interval between Hello packets after a router has been identified 'offline'; Dead time interval in seconds; OSPF process at this interface ON/OFF. Adds a new interface. Router priority in the interface network; Delay time for sending out LSAs; Interval between the repetition of LSAs; Hello interval in seconds; Output-side costs of the interface; Polling interval between Hello packets after a router has been identified 'offline'; Dead time interval in seconds; OSPF process at this interface ON/OFF. Displays a list of all interfaces configured. Table 2-5 Commands for interface editing 05PHA00065AEY CUA

interface add attribute

if add <integer> <area address> [priority=<integer>] [xmt=<integer>] [rxmt=<integer>] [hello=<integer>] [cost=<integer>] [poll=<integer>] [dead=<integer>] [passive=(no|yes)]

interface show

if show

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"Telnet" Command Set

2.4.5

Commands for editing static routes

Description Deletes a static route. Edits an existing static route. Fixed costs. If the destination address is part of a locally attached subnet in which no OSPF runs, use the direct=yes option. In the local routing table, the static route is stored as a direct route, but not distributed over OSPF. Distributes a static route over OSPF; no=distributing a static route yes=not distributing a static route Route costs Interface to be used for routing (1=LAN; 2=ECC) Adds a static route.

Command

Command syntax (list of options) route delete route delete route edit attribute route edit <destination><mask> [type2=(yes|no)] [direct=(yes|no)]

[noadv=(yes|no)] [<cost>] [<if>] route add attribute

route show

route add <destination><mask><gateway> [type2=(yes|no)] Assign fixed costs; [direct=(yes|no)] If the destination address is part of a locally attached subnet in which no OSPF runs, use the direct=yes option. In the local routing table, the static route is stored as a direct route, but not distributed over OSPF. Distributes a static route over OSPF; [noadv=(yes|no)] no=distributing a static route yes=not distributing a static route Route costs [<cost>] Interface to be used for routing [<if>] (1=LAN; 2=ECC) route show Displays a list of all static routes. Table 2-6 Commands for editing static routes

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OSPF Functions and Commands

2.4.6

Commands for combining IP networks

Max. 30 entries are possible. Command Command syntax (list of options) net-range delete net-range delete <area address> <destination><mask> net-range net-range edit edit <area address> <destination> <mask> [noadv=(yes|no)] attribute net-range add net-range add <area address> <destination> <mask> [noadv=(yes|no)] net-range show Table 2-7 Description Deletes IP network combinations Edits IP network combinations

Distributes a IP network combination over OSPF; no=distributing a IP network combination yes=not distributing a IP network combination Adds a new IP network combination

attribute net-range show

Distributes a IP network combination over OSPF; no=distributing a IP network combination yes=not distributing a IP network combination Displays a table of all IP network combinations

Commands for combining IP networks

2.4.7
Command virtual delete virtual edit attribute

Commands for configuring a "virtual link"

Command syntax (list of options) virtual delete <area_id><virtual link neighbor id> virtual edit <area_id><virtual link neighbor id> [xmt=<integer>] [rxmt=<integer>] [hello=<integer>] [dead=<integer>] virtual add <area_id><virtual link neighbor id> [xmt=<integer>] [rxmt=<integer>] [hello=<integer>] [dead=<integer>] virtual show Table 2-8 Description Deletes the virtual link. Edits an existing virtual link.

virtual add attribute

Delay time for sending out LSAs (transmission delay: 1-9999) Interval between the repetition of two LSAs (retransmit interval: 1-9999) Hello interval in seconds (1-9999) Dead time interval in seconds (1-9999) Adds a new virtual link. (area_id = transit-area) Delay time for sending out LSAs (transmission delay: 1-9999) Interval between the repetition of two LSAs (retransmit interval: 1-9999) Hello interval in seconds (1-9999) Dead time interval in seconds(1-9999) Displays a list of configured virtual links Commands for configuring a "virtual link"

virtual show

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"Telnet" Command Set

2.4.8
Command routerid edit routerid show

Commands for changing the "Router ID"

Command syntax (list of options) routerid edit <router id> oder <auto> routerid show Table 2-9 Description Edits the Router ID. The default value is 'auto. Thus, the IP address of the LAN interface is used as Router ID. To change the Router ID, the appropriate entry must be made in the IP address format. Displays the current value of the Router ID. Commands for changing the "Router ID"

2.4.9

Commands for AS statistics

Command syntax (list of options) stats area stats as-external stats general Description Displays a table showing the current status of the area. Displays LSAs of type 5. Displays general router parameters.

Command stats area stats asexternal stats general stats if stata lsa

stats lsdb stats neighbor stats route

stats if Displays information on the interfaces. Analyzes a certain LSA. stats lsa <linkstate type> <linkstate id> <advertising router> <area address> stats lsdb <area address> Displays the LSDB of an area including LSAs of types 1-4. stats neighbor Displays a table of OSPF neighbors of the interfaces available. stats route Displays the OSPF routing table. Table 2-10 Commands for AS statistics

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Router Connections

3
3.1
3.1.1

Router Connections
"Embedded" Telnet session
LMT

As from version 7.0 onwards, the "LMT Operator software supports the "embedded" Telnet session. Using a serial cable (D-Sub to RJ45), connect your PC to the IDU of the Digital Microwave Radio System. Start up the LMT and select the "serial" connection type option. The LMT password is <lmt> (default). The MDRS 155 S password is <marconi> (default). In case of an online session, you can press the appropriate menu bar icon for activating the "Embedded" Telnet session. To access the OSPF router from the LMT, you require no additional password. The main menu will be displayed immediately.

3.1.2

MSP

From Application 1.23 onwards, the "MSP Operator software supports the "embedded" Telnet session. Using a serial cable (D-Sub to D-Sub), connect your PC to the ECC Gateway in the OHAU of the MDRS 155 E. Start up the SISA network driver and then the Network Manager. Select the MDRS 155 system and call up the Equipment View. Select the OHAU by mouse-click. In the ECC Gateway module, call up the "Command input" menu item under "Management - Configuration". To access the OSPF router from the MSP, you require no additional password. The main menu will be displayed immediately.

3.2

Telnet session via a Windows PC

The PC is connected to the TCP/IP network via a network port. If the required MDRS system is not located in the same network as your PC, you must enter a route in the latter which indicates the Gateway that can be used to address the MDRS. Execute the following work steps: 1. 2. 3. Click the "Start Programs MS-DOS input menu items. Type in <telnet [IP address]> The Telnet session starts. Login: admin (default).

3.3

Telnet session via workstation

The workstation (WS) is connected to the TCP/IP network via a network port. If the required MDRS system is not located in the same network as your workstation, you must enter a route in the latter which indicates the Gateway that can be used to address the MDRS. 1. 2. 3. 4. Open command shell (dtterm). Telnet < IP address > The Telnet session starts. Login: admin Password: marconi (default).

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Configuration Help

4
4.1

Configuration Help
Introduction

First of all the following IP configurations must be made using the LMT or MSP Operator software: IP address setting Network mask setting Gateway setting

The information required for these settings is supplied by your network administrator. Note: In an OSPF network, a Gateway is normally not necessary. Thus, the Gateway entry is <0.0.0.0>.

4.2

Logging in

Access to the MDRS router is possible serially using the LMT or MSP Operator software, via the TCP/IP network using a PC (Windows, Linux) or via a workstation. After setup of a connection to the MDRS router in a "Telnet" session, enter the user name "admin and the password. The user name "admin cannot be changed. The default password is "marconi. This password can be changed only by the network administrator from the SOA Network Management System. After completion of the login process, the prompt appears in the form of the IP address of the system and the "Telnet" note. You are now in the main menu of the "Command Line Interface.

4.3

Static routes

Static routes can be entered only via the OSPF level. The MDRS router is an OSPF router. Static routes also have OSPF attributes. In the main menu, enter the command <ospf> to change over to the OSPF command level. Here you only have read-only access. Using the command <config> you can activate the configuration mode for the OSPF router. Note: Do not make any entries if you do not have a network plan or configuration order.

To add a static route, enter the following command: <route add [destination network] [network mask] [Gateway]>.

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Configuration Help To activate your entries, enter the <activate> command. Then click the <save>

OSPF Functions and Commands

button to save the changes you have made. After the saving process, you are again at the OSPF command level with read-only access. If you want to quit the OSPF configuration mode without saving your entries, click the <cancel> button.

4.4

Dynamic OSPF routing

With OSPF routers, dynamic routes are entered and managed automatically. Using the OSPF configuration parameters, the administrator only defines the way the router shall work in the AS and the role it shall play. Note: Do not make any entries if you do not have a network plan or configuration order.

Start out from the OSPF command level as described in the "Static routes" section and activate the configuration mode. <ospf> <config> Work step 1 With the MDRS router, active OSPF by entering the following command: <area add [A.B.C.D]> An area 2 is - for example - described with area ID 0.0.0.2. The specification of one area is sufficient if the router shall be used as "Internal Router" (IR). To use the MDRS router as "Area Border Router" (ABR), a second area ID must be entered according to the same principle. Enter the <area show> command to call up a list of the areas entered. To assign an area a certain attribute different from the default settings, this attribute can be edited by means of the following command: <area edit [A.B.C.D] [attribute]=yes/no>

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OSPF Functions and Commands Work step 2

Configuration Help

Both interfaces of the MDRS router must now be assigned to the area(s). One IDU of the MDRS serves two interfaces. Interface 1 is the LAN interface (RJ45), interface 2 the ECC channel. Since the latter is physically served by the system, it cannot be accessed by the user. Using the command <if add 1 [A.B.C.D]> the LAN interface is assigned to the area with ID <A.B.C.D>. Using the command <if add 2 [A.B.C.D]> the ECC interface is assigned to the area with ID <A.B.C.D>. Using the command <if show> you can request a list of all interfaces entered. To assign an interface an attribute different from the default settings, this attribute can be changed - for example - at the LAN interface by entering the following command: <if edit 1 [attribute]=[value]>. To activate your entries, use the <activate> command. Then click the <save> button to save all changes made. After the saving process, you are again at the OSPF command level with read-only access. If you want to quit the OSPF configuration mode without saving your entries, click the <cancel> button.

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Status Tables

5
5.1
5.1.1

Status Tables
Configurations in the AS
Interface assignment

Using the <if show> command, you can request a list of interface assignments. If the table displayed is empty, the system has not yet been configured for the OSPF environment. if 1 2 area_id 0.0.0.2 0.0.0.2 priority xmt 1 100 1 100 Table 5-1 if: area_id: priority: xmt: rxmt: hello: cost: dead: poll: passive: rxmt 100 100 hello 10 10 cost 5 1 dead 40 40 poll 60 60 passive no no

Interface assignments

Interface number (1=LAN, 2= ECC). Number of the areas to which the interface is assigned. Priority of the router interface in the assigned network. Delay time in seconds for sending out LSAs. Interval in seconds between the repetition of LSAs. Interval in seconds between two "Hello" packets. Output-side costs of the interface. Interval until an OSPF network subscriber is deleted from the dynamic routes. Polling interval in seconds between "Hello" packets after a router has been identified 'offline' (procedure for restoring communication). If this parameter is set to "yes, the configured OSPF interface does not participate in the information exchange of the routers available in a network.

5.1.2

Area parameters

Using the <area show> command, you can request a list of all areas configured. If the table displayed is empty, the system has not yet been configured for the OSPF environment. Max. two area entries are possible. area_id 0.0.0.2 stub No Stubcost 1 Import_summs No

Table 5-2 area_id: stub: stubcost import_summs:

Area parameters

Area number configured in the system. Stub area (yes/no); area into which AS-external LSAs are not propagated. Costs of the default route for substitution of external routes. Import of summary LSAs (yes/no).

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5.1.3

Static routes

Using the <route show> command, you can request a list of all static routes configured. net 0.0.0.0 191.3.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 Table 5-3 net: mask: gateway: type2: direct: noadv: cost: if: Gateway 0.0.0.0 172.28.138.4 type2 direct noadv yes no yes yes no no cost 60 60 if 0 1

Routing table of static routes

IP address of the destination network Network mask of the destination network The destination network is addressable via this Gateway. Fixed costs are charged for the static route (yes/no). The Gateway belongs to a locally connected sub-network without OSPF. The static route is listed in the local Routing table, but is not imported in the OSPF. This route is propagated in the OSPF; Note: (no= yes, yes=no). Costs of this static route This route passes interface 1=LAN or 2=ECC or 0=internal.

5.1.4

Combined IP networks

Using the <net-range show> command, you can request a list of existing IP network combinations. If the table displayed is empty, there are no 'net ranges'. area_id 0.0.0.2 area_id: net mask: noadv: Net 191.0.0.0 Table 5-4 mask 255.255.0.0 Net range noadv no

Area number of the area in which networks are combined. Network address of the IP network combination Network mask of the IP network combination Indicates whether this IP network address is propagated by the router or not. Please note the following: no= yes, yes=no.

5.1.5

Virtual links

Using the <virtual show> command, you can request a list of existing virtual links. If the table displayed is empty, there are no virtual links configured. area_id 0.0.0.2 router_id 191.1.2.3 Table 5-5 area_id: xmt: rxmt: hello: dead: xmt 100 rxmt 100 hello 10 dead 40

Virtual links

Area number of the transit area Delay time in seconds for sending out LSAs Interval in seconds between the repetition of two LSAs Interval in seconds between two "Hello" packets. Interval until an "OSPF network subscriber is deleted from the dynamic routing table.

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Status Tables

5.2
5.2.1

Requesting statistics data

Overview

The overview supplies a list of all statistics data that can be requested. stats area <area ID> stats as-external stats general stats if stats lsa <ls_type> <ls_id> <adv_rtr> <area_id> stats lsdb <area-id> stats neighbor stats route

5.2.2 5.2.2.1

Examples of system responses Area overview

Using the <stats area> command, you can request information on the area. Area ID 0.0.0.2 #Ifcs 2 #Routers 4 Table 5-6
Area_ID: #Ifc: #Router: #LSA Xsum:

#LSAs 10

Xsum 0x478e7

Comments

Area overview

Area number Interface of the router in this area Number of routers available in an area (a Digital Microwave Radio System also being counted as a router) Number of LSAs of types 1-4 in this area Checksum

5.2.2.2

Overview of external routes

Using the <stats as-external> command, you can request a list of all type 5 LSAs available. Type 5 LS_ID 191.50.0.0 ADV_RTR Seqno 191.6.0.8 0x80000087 Xsum 0x1d78 Age 585

Table 5-7 Type: LS_ID: ADV_RTR: Seqno: Xsum: Age:

AS-external LSAs

LSA type; 5= AS-external Link state ID; destination network of the external static route LSA source Sequence number Checksum Age of the LSA

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5.2.2.3

Overview of the router configuration

Using the <stats general> command, you can request the system database of the router. OSPF Router ID: ASE checksum: ASEs allowed: # Areas: MOSPF enabled: Inter-AS multicast: ospfd version: 191.3.0.4 0x30df6d 0 1 no no 2.16 # AS-external-LSAs: # ASEs originated: # Dijkstras: # Nbrs in Exchange: Inter-area multicast: In overflow state: 102 0 129 0 no no

5.2.2.4

Overview of the interface configuration

Using the <stats if> command, you can request a table showing all interface data. Phy LAN ECC Addr 191.3.0.4 0.0.0.0 Area 0.0.0.2 0.0.0.2 Type Bcast P-P State DR P-P #Nbr 1 1 #Adj 1 1 Cost 1 1

Table 5-8 Phy: Addr.: Area: Type: State: #Nbr: #Adj: Cost: LAN/LAN interface; ECC/Radio IP address This interface belongs to the area. Bcast/Broadcast; P-P/Point-to-Point Router function in this network Number of neighbors Number of OSPF neighbors Costs of this interface

Interface configuration

5.2.2.5

Overview of the link state database

Using the <stats lsdb> command, you can request the LSDB (Link State Database) table. Type LS_ID 1 191.3.0.3 1 191.3.0.4 1 191.4.0.6 1 191.6.0.8 2 191.3.0.4 2 191.4.0.8 3 172.28.138.0 3 191.1.0.0 3 192.168.2.0 4 191.1.0.2 # LSAs: 10* ADV_RTR 191.3.0.3 191.3.0.4 191.4.0.6 191.6.0.8 191.3.0.4 191.6.0.8 191.3.0.3 191.3.0.3 191.3.0.3 191.3.0.3 Seqno 0x8000056a 0x80000439 0x8000009c 0x800005f1 0x80000096 0x8000013a 0x8000008b 0x80000087 0x80000087 0x8000008a Xsum 0x782f 0x4db3 0x7322 0x4308 0x8703 0x4f7f 0xb4df 0x0822 0x8019 0xdf44 Age 210 540 1293 850 1540 850 210 210 210 210

Table 5-9

Link State Database

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Status Tables

LSA type; 1=Router LSA, 2=IP network LSA, 3= Network summary LSA, 4=ASBR Summary LSA; note: LSAs of type 5 are not displayed in the LSDB and can be requested by means of the <stats as-external> command. This LSA contains information on .... This LSA has been sent by ... Sequence no. of this LSA Checksum of this LSA Age of this LSA in seconds Number of LSAs stored in the database

5.2.2.6

Analysis of a LSA

Using the <stats lsa [type] [LS_ID] [ADV_RTR] [area_ID]> command, you can request a table displaying the contents of this LSA. Note: It is reasonable and recommended to request the overview of the LSDB first, in order to be able to select a certain LSA. 191.3.0.3 191.3.0.3 0x8000056a 0x782f 36 0x1 1 191.3.0.4 191.3.0.3 2 0 5

Link State ID: Advert. Rtr.: LS Seqno: LS Xsum: LS Length: // Router-LSA body Router type: # links: // Link #0 Link ID: Link Data: Link type: # TOS metrics: Link cost:

5.2.2.7

Overview of OSPF neighbors

Using the <stats neighbor> command, you can request a table giving an overview of the OSPF neighbors of the interfaces. Phy LAN ECC Addr 191.3.0.3 191.4.0.6 ID 191.3.0.3 191.4.0.6 State Full Full #DD 0 0 #Rq 0 0 #Rxmt 0 0

Table 5-10 Phy: Addr: ID: State: #DD: #Rq: #Rxmt:

OSPF neighbors

Physical interface IP address of the neighbor of this interface Router ID Negotiation status with the OSPF neighbor Full=complete (neighbor has the 'full adjacent' status) Number of 'Database Description' LSAs still to be sent to the neighbor Number of 'Link State Requests' still to be sent to the neighbor Number of repetitions sent

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5.2.2.8

Overview of the routing table

Using the <stats route> command, you can call up the OSPF routing table. Prefix 172.28.138.0/24 191.5.0.0/16 191.50.0.0/16 Type SPFIA SPF SPFE2 Table 5-11 Prefix: Type: Cost: Ifc: Next-hop: Mpaths: Cost 6 7 20 Ifc LAN ECC ECC Next-hop 191.3.0.3 0.0.0.2 0.0.0.2 Mpaths

OSPF routing table

IP address of the destination network Route type; SPFIA = Inter-area; SPF = Intra-area; SPFE = External route (static route outside the AS) Costs of this route Interfaces used for this route This route can be addressed using IP address ... Number of routes in this destination network with the same costs.

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Complementary Explications

6
6.1

Complementary Explications
"Virtual link" using the MDRS 155 Digital Microwave Radio System
"Unnumbered" interface

6.1.1

Each IDU of the MDRS 155 Digital Microwave Radio System operates as an independent router. Only the LAN interface has an IP address. The WAN connection to the far end contained in the STM-1 data stream is implemented via an "unnumbered IP connection in the ECC (see section 1.2.1). When planning the "virtual link using the MDRS 155 system, please note that the path of the "virtual link" is not routed via this "unnumbered point-to-point connection. This means that a LAN interface of the MDRS 155 system is always adjacent to the "transit area". This only applies if the Digital Microwave Radio System assumes the function of an ABR or ASBR.

6.1.2

"Demand circuit"

If a "virtual link" is configured between the MDRS 155 and a Cisco router, it represents a "demand circuit" in compliance with RFC1793 between the two routers after termination of the negotiation. Normally, "hello" packets whose frequency depends on the adjusted "hello" interval time are also sent out on a "virtual link". In case of a "demand circuit", "hello packets" are no longer sent out after termination of the negotiation of the two ABRs. This means that the setting of the "hello" interval time and "dead time" interval time are relevant only during the initial negotiations necessary for generating the "virtual link". This process is initiated automatically by a Cisco router and accepted and processed by the MDRS 155 Digital Microwave Radio System. The MDRS 155 Digital Microwave Radio System does not initiate a "demand circuit".

6.1.3

Router ID

The router ID can be set in the MDRS 155 Digital Microwave Radio System. In the factory setting (default), the router ID is "auto", i.e. the adjusted IP address is also used as router ID. On configuration of the "virtual link", the "virtual link" neighbor is basically addressed with its router ID. If the router ID is changed after configuration of a "virtual link", the link will not exist any longer.

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OSPF Functions and Commands

6.2
6.2.1 6.2.1.1

Uploading and downloading router data

Router data upload MDRS 155 S with LMT

With MDRS 155 S, the router data are saved to the Master IDU MIB. After connecting the LMT to MDRS 155 S, call up the Equipment view. Using the right mouse button, click the CPU. From the menu displayed, select the "Database" and "Upload" menu items. In the mask that appears, enter a filename and click the "Save" button. The upload window appears. Choose the "Start" button. At the end of the upload process, the MIB is located in the required destination.

6.2.1.2

MDRS 155 E with MSP

The upload of the router configuration can also be executed locally using the MSP. In this case, the backup is performed in the SISA-0 function group. From the list box displayed, select the "Management" option. Then click the "File transfer" menu item. In the mask that appears, click the "Upload" button. Then select the directory containing system software 2.3. Here you can find the ECCMDBUP.ctl. control file. Select this file and start up the upload process by clicking the "Start" buttton. After completion of the upload process, close the window. A file named mdb.zib is now contained in the system directory. Note: If it is necessary to create individual filenames, the filename must be either edited directly or changed already in the ECCMDBUP.ctl. When doing this, please note the convention of older Windows Systems 8.3 (filename: max. 8 digits, file type: 3 digits). For making a download, an appropriately changed ECCMDBDN.ctl must be available. We recommend a systematic archiving of router data by means of SOA.

6.2.1.3

MDRS 155 S with SOA

Uploading the router data from MDRS 155 S is remotely possible via SOA. Please note that the configuration of the IP router must be included in the microwave radio system MIB. In the QD2 address list or Topology view, call up the icon for the required MDRS 155 S system. Activate the "Editing" mode in the "Admin" menu. Then select the "Configuration Basic functions" option. From the menu items offered, select "MIB transfer". In the mask displayed, highlight the "Upload" option and click the "Execute" button. The MIB is saved automatically by SOA under the Ref-ID of the corresponding network element.

6.2.1.4

MDRS 155 E with SOA

Uploading the router data from MDRS 155 E is possible remotely via SOA. Please note that only the IP router configuration data are saved and no other system data. In the QD2 address list or Topology view, call up the icon for the required MDRS 155 E system. Activate the "Editing" mode in the "Admin" menu. Then select the "Configuration Basic functions" option. From the menu items offered, select "MIB transfer". In the mask displayed, highlight the "Upload" option and click the "Execute" button. The MIB is saved automatically by SOA under the Ref-ID of the corresponding network element.

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Complementary Explications

6.2.2 6.2.2.1

Router data download MDRS 155 S with LMT

With MDRS 155 S, router data are downloaded using the microwave radio system MIB. After connecting the LMT to MDRS 155 S, call up the Equipment view. Using the right mouse button, click the CPU. From the menu displayed, select the "Database" and "Download" menu items. In the mask that appears, select the required filename and click the "Open" button. The download window appears. Choose the "Start" button. At the end of the download process, the MIB is loaded in the network element.

6.2.2.2

MDRS 155 E with MSP

The download of the router configuration can also be executed locally using the MSP. In this case, the transfer takes place in the SISA-0 function group. From the list box displayed, select the "Management" option. Then click the "File transfer" menu item. In the mask that appears, click the "Download" button. Then select the directory containing system software 2.3. Here you can find the ECCMDBDN.ctl* control file. Select this file and start up the download process by clicking the "Start" buttton. The download bar displayed shows the progress of the download process. After completion of the download, close the window. *or any individual control file

6.2.2.3

MDRS 155 S with SOA

Downloading the router data to MDRS 155 S is possible remotely via SOA. Besides the router data, the MDRS 155 S MIB also contains all other network element settings. In the QD2 address list or Topology view, call up the icon for the required MDRS 155 S system. Activate the "Editing" mode in the "Admin" menu. Then select the "Configuration Basic functions" option. From the menu items offered, select "MIB transfer". In the mask displayed, highlight the "Download" option and click the "Execute" button. The MIB is called up automatically by SOA under the Ref-ID of the corresponding network element. If no file is available, a "Not available" message appears.

6.2.2.4

MDRS 155 E with SOA

Downloading the router data to MDRS 155 E is possible remotely via SOA. Please note that only the IP router configuration data are downloaded and no other system data. In the QD2 address list or Topology view, call up the icon for the required MDRS 155 E system. Activate the "Editing" mode in the "Admin" menu. Then select the "Configuration Basic functions" option. From the menu items offered, select "MIB transfer". In the mask displayed, highlight the "Download" option and click the "Execute" button. The MIB is called up automatically by SOA under the Ref-ID of the corresponding network element. If no file is available, a "Not available" message appears.

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