3.

Operation of SMART

3.5.1 Background The working principle of SMART is simple, i.e. it diverts, stores and later release the excess flood water of Klang River will be diverted at Kg. Berembang and detained in Berembang Holding Pond, the SMART stormwater tunnel and the Desa Park Detention Pond. This flood water will later be released back to Klang River near Old Klang Road bridge via Kerayong River when the storm is over. SMART Tunnel has a total flood storage capacility of 3 million cubic metres. The procedure for traffic tunnel closure begins at the SMART Control Centre or SCC which situated at Kg. Berembang, Ampang. This centre is managed by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia (DID). SCC is responsible for flood detection, flood warning as well as operation and maintenance of stormwater components of the SMART system. In view of the fact that floods in Kuala Lumpur are usually caused by severe and short duration storms that lasted two to three hours, which can happen at any time of the year, SCC is therefore operating 24 hours / 7 days a week to monitor the rainfall and river water level condition. The centre must be ready at all time to handle any major storm event when it happens. Operation of the 3km double deck motorway for traffic connecting city centre near the Time Square building and Kg. Pandan roundabout to Southern gateway at Sg. Besi TUDM Airfield is managed by the concessionaire, Syarikat Mengurus Air Banjir dan Terowong Sdn. Bhd. (SMABT). Its Motorway Control Centre (MCC) is situated at Kg. Pandan roundabout and is also operational round the clock. When a storm event occurs, the Flood Detention System (FDS) at SCC will, based on the rainfall, water level and flow data received from the 28 remote telemetric hydrological station in the Klang River catchment, monitor, forecast and determine whether the operation is now in Mode 1, Mode 2, Mode 3 or Mode 4.

3.5.2 Operational Modes of the SMART Tunnel i. Mode 1 ii. When weather is fair with little or no rain and traffic is allowed in the tunnel

Mode 2 Activated when moderate rainfalls and the flow rate recorded at the confluence of upper Sg. Klang / Sg. Ampang (L4 flow station) is 70-150m3/s. Only 50m3/s is allowed to flow downstream. Excess flood water will be diverted to SMART storages and only the lower drains of tunnel will be used to convey flood flow to the Desa attenuation pond. Road tunnel will still be opened to traffic

iii.

Mode 3 Activated when major storm event occurs and flood model forecasts a flow rate of 150m3/s or more at L4. Traffic will be evacuated from the road tunnel. This normally takes about one hour. Only 10m3/s is allowed to flow downstream. If heavy rain storm stops early or due to some specific circumstances, then the traffic tunnel will not be flooded. Road tunnel will be re-opened to traffic within 2-8 hours after closure.

iv.

Mode 4 Activated if heavy rain storm prolongs, usually will be confirmed 1-2 hour after Mode 3 is declared. Road tunnel will be used for passage of flood after traffic evacuation completed. Only 10m3/s is allowed to flow downstream. Road tunnel will be re-opened within 4 days of closure.

Figure 3.5.1

Operations Modes of the SMART Tunnel

3.5.3 Flood Detection System (FDS) a. Integration i. SCADA interface and SMART Operation System. ii. Flood Forecasting System iii. Communication System b. Types of Communication i. Optic Fibre ii. Radio iii. GSM iv. 4.8 Ghz WiFi v. Telephone c. Main Function i. Catchment area monitoring ii. Mode 2 & 3 flood forecasting iii. Monitor the condition of all components of the water gates, pumps, warning station etc. iv. Control all gates during Mode 2 and Mode 3.

Figure 3.5.2

The Front View of Control Room

Figure 3.5.3

SCX SCADA Mimic Screen

Figure 3.5.4

Operational Modes of the Smart Tunnel

Figure 3.5.5

Communication protocol between the SMART Control Centre

(SCC) and the Traffic Control Center (MCC) during Mode 2 & 3

Figure 3.5.6

Hydrological Equipment