Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Posted by Harry Lee on April 25, 2009 at 12:31 am Sheet piling produced to this specification is usually manufactured from coils, decoiled and fed through a multi stand (roll) forming mill at ambient temperature. Through innovation and benefits of latest technology, Cold Formed Steel Sheet Piling is formed by continuous flat steel strip rolled into corrugated profile at ambient temperature. The cold working by rolling process could increase the strength of material and good section properties per weight. Nowadays, cold formed steel sheet piling is widely used in the industry for piling foundation. Cold formed steel sheet piling has the similar application as normal sheet pile, the purpose of using cold formed steel sheet piling is same as normal sheet pile too, its used to create a working space for the workers to work under ground level. Additional, method of installation for cold formed steel sheet piling should be the same as normal sheet piling as well.
18
2) Cold formed steel sheet piling is formed by series of designed roller stations.
3) Sheet piling is formed into corrugated profiles to achieve strength and toughness.
19
Advantage of OU Section Cold Formed Steel Sheet Piling : i) An innovative sections for ease of installation adjacent to building. ii) Suitably use for canalization work and river bank structural protection. iii) Effective permeability cut off system. 2) OZ Section OZ Sections formed continuous corrugation of web where specific location of the interlock symmetrically on both sides of the neutral axis. This will offer type of sections with effective section properties per weight.
20
Advantage of OZ Section Cold Formed Steel Sheet Piling : i) An extremely competitive section modulus to mass ratio. ii) Increased inertia, reducing deflection and allowing high-yield steels to be used for the most economical solution. iii) Large width resulting in good installation performance. 3) OT Section
Advantage of OT Section Cold Formed Steel Sheet Piling : i) The combination of great wave depth giving excellent statical properties. ii) The symmetrical form of the single element has made these sheets particularly convenient for re-use. iii) Easy fixing of tie rods and swiveling attachments, even under water.
21
be required to modify some of the clauses to suit requirements of different site conditions.
22
When a steam or air hammer is used for driving any type of piles, both the volume and pressure of steam or air recommended by the manufacturer of the hammer shall be maintained at all times to ensure full energy of the driving blows. Before pile driving is started, the Piling Contractors shall provide written certification to the Engineer that the pile hammer, compressors and valves have been inspected and found to be in good working condition. 2.2 Reductiono of Hammer Energy When the pile is set in a pre-jetted or pre-drilled hole or when the point of a prestressed concrete pile is passing through soft soil so that there is little or no resistance to penetration of the pile, there is a possibility that longitudinal tensile stresses may be set up in the pile shaft by the elastic shock waves travelling up and down the pile. For such driving conditions, the length of stroke of the hammer shall be reduced. Failure of the piles due to longitudinal tensile stresses caused by excessive driving shall be the Contractors responsibility. 2.3 Pile Cushion Block The heads of all prestressed concrete cylinder piles shall be protected with a soft wood cushion block at least 15 cm thick to effectively and uniformly distribute hammer blog energy. The block shall be composed of layers of 20mm hi-grade marine plywood or approved equal, and of such dimensions as to completely cover the concrete cross-section of the pile. The cushion block shall be inspected periodically during driving and no driving shall be done with a block that has been unduly worn and compressed with use. Cushion blocks must be replaced when compressed to 1/2 their original thickness, when badly worn or when burning. 2.4 Driving The piles shall be driven to the driving resistance or tip elevation as determined by the Engineer from pile load tests. The maximum allowable variation at the butt end of the pile shall be 150mm in any direction from the location shown on the Drawings or as directed by the Engineer. Any variation beyond these limits shall be allowed or rejected at the sole discretion of the Engineer.