Beliefs can be powerful forces that affect our health and the capacity to heal .

Whether personal and cultural , they influence us . Cultural beliefs influence us health related behavior all the time . Like for considering the Jehovahs Witnesses spiritual concern that translates into refusal of blood transfusions. A clients cultural identity must be understood and validated in order for clinicians/ case managers to appreciate the ways in which culture influences clients beliefs , behaviors and values. Similarly , providers must be comfortable with and understand their own cultural identities , values and biases to be most effective with clients . Although cultural identification may provide understanding and a sense of belonging for clients , it may also pose challenges conflicts and feelings of isolation when acculturation and assimilation into any traditional mainstream culture occurs . Data obtained from a cultural assessment will help the patient and the nurse to formulate a mutually acceptable , culturally responsive treatment plan . We should put in mind that factors such as cultural beliefs, values and practices should be understood, respected and considered when giving culturally competent care. First step I to learn about the meaning of the illness of the patient in terms of the patients unique culture. Then we must know the patients degree of cultural embeddedness , this helps the nurse to know where to start negotiating with the patient and his or her family to achieve health care goals. Patients who are highly embedded in the native are traditional individuals totally committed to their original cultures like Pagans. People who are less embedded and more acculturated value open communication and ideas from both cultures. Bicultural individuals can move easily between both cultures. We have different beliefs , Culture-bound syndrome for Kankanaey ; they believe on what they call sapo (an incurable illness ) , this is when a person who possess black magic that is kind of something of doing a ritual using anything that she/he got from you similarly with voodoo but they dont use dolls but animals , eventually will give you sickness that a clinical practitioner cant identify your illness ( findings are somewhat normal whenever check-up ) ; (If this is not stopped it is fatal), The person who causes this must be stopped to prevent further effects which leads to death by the help of person who uses white/ good magic which are faith healers to pinpoint the things that we must do like praying . Secondly, the tumtumpakaw , a large compared to insect bites with no vesicles seen all over the body. This is caused by an unseen creature whom we did something that they dont like, like shouting in forest or throwing / trashing things everywhere like places in rivers, mountains or by stepping into something like big rocks . Can be prevented by wearing black clothes , or burning black clothes or things by the help of someone who possesses the ability to see another dimension pertaining to those unseen creatures. Thirdly, a belief which gives an extension of life by like maybe days to individuals who are near to death like old ones. This is by building graves . Fourthly, the Sigit, a kind of power or something that mostly old ones who possesses it . This is when we or touch someone old who sweats . It brings an unexplainable or uncomfortable feeling , sort of feeling cold while sweating , feeling of vomiting or defecating, dizziness, headache . Normal feeling will came back if the person who did that touches you .Mostly in our place , whenever we encounter someone whom we are suspicious of we just say pwera sigit for them to be aware and wont pass something. Fifth, Fear of ghost , folks says that if a person is afraid of ghosts or had a very strong imagination about ghosts he/she can touch a dead person so that he/she will be saved and wont fell that fear again . Laslty on what they call Tako , a process of using rice grains and a glutinous rice grains and water that will make a person fell comfortable again . ( Used for babies or anyone who is easily frightened for them to prevent this kind of

feeling ) . This process is that few rice grains will be into a bowl filled with water , secondly pray over to our Father in Heaven , then wait for something to float . The floating thing indicates that your ababiik or kadkadwa or soul was not with you . If this happens , they will mix that floating thing to grains and seal it with cloth and tied to cloth. Another Fear of ghost , folks says that if a person is afraid of ghosts or had a very strong imagination about ghosts he/she can touch a dead person so that he/she will be saved and wont fell that fear again . Thirdly, on what they call Tako , a process of using rice grains and a glutinous rice grains and water that will make a person fell comfortable again . ( Used for babies or anyone who is easily frightened for them to prevent this kind of feeling ) . This process is that few rice grains will be into a bowl filled with water , secondly pray over to our Father in Heaven , then wait for something to float . The floating thing indicates that your ababiik or kadkadwa or soul was not with you . If this happens , they will mix that floating thing to grains and seal it with cloth and tied to cloth.