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METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION 1. Along the X-axis mark DBT starting from 0C to 50 C 2. Along the right Y-axis ,mark specific humidity starting from 0 and with an increment of 0.025 Kg wa/Kd.a 3. On the left Y-axis, mark partial pressure of water vapour (Pv) corresponding to the humidity ratio marked using the relationship w = (mv / ma) = (0.622 Pv) / (P-P1v) Where P-atmospheric pressure (1.01325 bar) 4. To draw 100% Relative humidity (RH) lines. For each value of DBT, the saturation pressure of water vapour is obtained from the steam table and mark on the graph. These points are joined to obtain the 100%RH line other RH curves are plotted using relation. RH = Pv/ Ps (20%,40%,60% and 80% RH lines) 5. To draw Wet bulb temperature (WBT) lines. WBT lines are plotted using the relation Pv = Psw --- [( P-Pw) x (t tw) x 1.8] / [2800-1.3(1.8t + 32)] Where, Psw is the saturation pressure corresponding to WBT. Select a suitable value of DBT and WBT, Psw can be obtained from the steam table corresponding to tw calculate the value of Pv using the relation and locate the point (t,Pv) on the graph. Join this point with WBT on the saturation curve to get the required WBT line (5,10,15,20,25C WBT lines) 6. To draw Constant enthalpy lines. These are plotted using the equation h = 1.005 t + w(2500 + 1.88 t) KJ/Kg d.a. For drawing constant enthalpy line first assume a value for h say 10 KJ/Kg d.a. Then assume a value for w say 0.002 Kg w.a/Kg d.a and find the corresponding value of t . Locate the point on the graph .Assume another value for w and find the corresponding t for the same value of enthalpy and locate the point. Joint the two points to get the enthalpy lines. Enthalpy lines are drawn along the same direction as that of WBT lines since WBT is an index of total heat content. PREPERATION OF PSYCHROMETRIC CHART 2
VJCET
7. To draw Specific volume lines. We have Pa * Va = RT Where R-Gas constant (287 J/Kg) and T temp. in K. Assume Va = 0.8 and at any two temperature (DBT) find Pa Value and the corresponding Pv values are obtained from the relation Pv = P-Pa. Pa and Pv values are calculated and points are plotted this gives specific volume lines.
SAMPLE CALCULATION 1. To find partial pressure of water vapour for set no Humidity ratio w = .Kg wv/Kgda ,P = 1.01325 bar w = (0.622 Pv) / (P-P1v) Pv = 2. To draw RH curve : Set no. Assume DBT = 5C 100% Ps = . (From steam table) 80% Pv= 60% Pv= 40% Pv= 20% Pv= = = = = bar bar bar bar bar
3. To draw WBT line : Set no. Assume t w =10C t = 15 C Psw = .bar (from steam table) Partial pressure of vapour Pv = Psw --- [( P-Pw) x (t tw) x 1.8] / [2800-1.3(1.8t + 32)] = bar.
VJCET
4. To draw constant enthalpy line at h = .. KJ/Kg. Assume w1 = .Kg wv/Kg da , w2 = Kg wv/Kg da h = 1.005t + w (2500 + 1.88t) t1 = = C C
Assume Va = . m3/Kg. t1 = K, t2 = .K, R = 287 KJ/Kg K Pa Va =RT Pa1 Va = Rt1 Pa2 Va = Rt2 Pa1 = .. bar Pa2 = .. bar Pv1 = P-Pa1 = = . bar Pv2 = P- Pa2 = = .. bar OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Dry bulb temperature DBT = C Wet bulb temperature WBT = C To find the partial pressure of water vapour Sl.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Humidity Ratio (w) Kgw.v/Kg d.a Pv x 10 -3 bar
Pv *10-3 bar
Pv for RH curves 80% 60% 40% 20% -3 -3 -3 -3 *10 bar *10 bar *10 bar *10 bar *10-3 bar
Ps
To draw constant enthalpy lines Assume Sl.no Enthalpy (h) KJ/Kg w1 Kgwv/Kgda w2 Kgwv/Kgda Temperature t1 t2 (C) (C)
VJCET
To draw constant specific volume lines Sl.no Va Assume M3/Kg t1(K) t2 (K) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 RESULT
Pa1 bar
Pa2 bar
The required psychrometric chart is prepared. The psychrometric properties of air inside are as given below. Dry bulb temperature DBT Wet bulb temperature WBT Psychrometric property Dew point temperature Specific enthalpy Specific volume Humidity ratio Relative humidity Vapour pressure =.. = . From std.chart . .
INFERENCE The psychrometric chart is prepared. A small deviation can be found out between the psychrometric properties as read from the actual chart and drawn chart. This is mainly due to the approximations used in preparing the chart.