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Duffing Oscillator
Housam Binous
MathWorld Classroom
MathWorld Book
(6) (7) (Wiggins 1990, p.6;Ott1993,p.3). The fixed points of this set of coupled differential equations are given by (8) so , and (9) (10) giving . The fixed points are therefore , , and .
Analysis of the stability of the fixed points can be point by linearizing the equations. Differentiating gives (11) (12) (13) which can be written as the matrix equation (14)
But
, so
is real. Since
, there will always be one positive root, so this fixed point is unstable. Now look at (
For
the radical gives an imaginary part and the real part is , then
can be integrated by quadratures. Differentiating (19) and plugging in (20) gives (21) Multiplying both sides by gives (22) But this can be written (23)
so (27)
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(Wiggins 1990, p.29). Note that the invariant of motion satisfies (28) (29)
so the equations of the Duffing oscillator are given by the Hamiltonian system (30) (31)
REFERENCES: Bender, C.M.andOrszag,S.A.Advanced Mathematical Methods for Scientists and Engineers. New York: McGraw-Hill, p. 547, 1978. Ott, E. Chaos in Dynamical Systems. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Tabor, M. Chaos and Integrability in Nonlinear Dynamics: An Introduction. New York: Wiley, p. 35, 1989. Trott, M. "The Mathematica Guidebooks Additional Material: Wigner Function of a Duffing Oscillator." http://www.mathematicaguidebooks.org/additions.shtml#N_1_08. Wiggins, S. "Application to the Dynamics of the Damped, Forced Duffing Oscillator." 1.2E in Introduction to Applied Nonlinear Dynamical Systems and Chaos. New York: Springer-Verlag, pp.5 -6, 10, 23, 26-32, 44-45, 50-51, and 153-175, 1990. Zwillinger, D. (Ed.). CRC Standard Mathematical Tables and Formulae. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, p. 413, 1995. Zwillinger, D. Handbook of Differential Equations, 3rd ed. Boston, MA: Academic Press, p.122,1997.
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5/22/2013