U. Schwiegelshohn - SO For Grids

Prospects of Service Orientation for Modern Grid Infrastructures
Uwe Schwiegelshohn D-Grid Corporation Dortmund July 7, 2008
Fundamental Process in Science
Observation Experiment Hypothesis Theory
Uwe Schwiegelshohn Science Orientation and Modern Grid Infrastructures Dortmund, July 7, 2008
Fundamental Process in Engineering
Observation Analysis Experiment Verification Synthesis Theory
Observation
Theories
Experiments
Evolution of Experiments
Scattering Experiment Rutherford 1911
Large Hadron Collider Cern 2008
The Tree of Knowledge
Tools
The Most Important Tool
Areas of Science and Engineering

Physics High Energy Physics (Particle Physics) Astrophysics Engineering Fluid Dynamics Micro- and Nanoelectronics Medicine Biotechnology Genome sequencing Molecule interaction Climate research and geography Humanities
Observations
Search for the needle in the haystack

Hypotheses, Theories, and Schemas
Verification by Simulation
Consequences
Research and development become more expensive.
Efficient use of resources
Adaptation of education
New models of financing
Efficient infrastructures
Growth of Available Compute Power
Usage of Software
Similar scientific problems occur in different disciplines. Reuse of approaches
Fluid dynamics in engineering, weather forecast, and medicine Handling of large data sources Simulation
Similar administration problems occur in different disciplines.
Encapsulation of administration Security issues Resource management
Scientist should spend their time on solving scientific problems not on writing software.
High level (semantic) interfaces
Reuse of Approaches
Generic methods
Example: shortest path algorithms Navigation (logistics, robotics) Computer-aided-design Telecommunication
Black box approach with defined interfaces

Exchange of the algorithm and the implementation Dijkstra, Ford-Fulkerson, Floyd-Warshall, Dantzig Encapsulation: The user does not know about the applied algorithm.
Interface complexity
Complexity of method composition (orchestration)
Interface Levels
Procedures
Focus on algorithms, use of libraries
Object-orientation
Encapsulation of data and procedures
Component-orientation
Focus on software elements that can be combined together easily tested and validated independently exposed to unforeseen events
Service-orientation
Encapsulation of hardware, Use of metadata for orchestration system software, people,
Usage of Hardware
Scientists need their personal computer.
Mobile access to communication and information resources Storage of personal data with immediate accessibility Presentation and development platform
The utilization of most personal computers is ineffcient.

Low utilization (on average roughly 15%) High power consumption ( factor 4 to 6 per CPU hour in comparison to high performance computers) Responsibility for administration (security risk)
A personal computer is not sufficient to solve large problems.

Desktop Grid
Desktop Grid Paradigm

Exploitation of existing idle computers
The owner donates his free CPU cycles. His own applications have priority over all other jobs.
Constraints of desktop Grids

They are only applicable for few applications. Massively parallel applications without much
communication
A desktop Grid has low reliability. Particularly true for mobile computers It is difficult to handle large amounts of data. Access to large data bases Most desktop Grids cannot provide high security levels. Protection of code and data
Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing Paradigm (Amazon)

Global availability of compute and storage resources
Improved demand balancing due to large customer base Fee for use concept
Constraints of the cloud computing paradigm

Integration of large external data bases The user must provide data and applications. Limited support for a general service orientation Focus on cycles and bytes Homogeneity of the resource offering Main stream resources without consideration of specific
problem requirements
Enterprise Grid
Enterprise Grid Paradigm

Availability of IT services across multiple globally distributed sites of an enterprise
Excellent utilization for globally operating enterprises High reliability and low security risk Adaptable to the needs of the enterprise The CIO is the single instance of managerial control.
Constraints of the enterprise Grid paradigm

Suitable only for large enterprises Preferably sites on different continents Usage of external resources Firewall (security) problems
Service Grid
Service Grid Paradigm

Access to heterogeneous resources
Good utilization in case of globally distributed users Adaptability to the requirements of the user Increased reliability due to resource redundancy Multiple resource ownership: improved efficiency due to competition
Constraints of the service Grid paradigm

Component model Increased security risk Acceptance of external users with their own code Protection of user data from malicious access Increased coordination effort Resource management System services
Virtual Organizations
Virtual Organizations
Collaboration using the same data
Groups of scientists at different locations with common goals Service (re-)orchestration Flexible duration of the collaboration
Challenges of administration
Management of the virtual organization Role definition of the participants Delegation of rights via the manager of the Virtual
Organization
Effective protection of resources and data
Challenges
Effective means to preserve a high level of security Service orchestration for use of the Grid
Virtualization of Grid services Design of reusable and efficient Grid services
Operation structure of a service Grid

Legal obstacles Billing and accounting Consideration within Grid services
Grid management and user support

Cooperation between different sites (service offering) Synergies for user and administration support Grid system service approach
Perspectives
Service Grids are an evolutionary extension of existing distributed systems.
Web services already have achieved significant commercial relevance for simple information services Compute centers exploit synergies in administration and support Distributed systems are widely applied in academia, industry, and administration.
Service Grids provide increased efficiency for various types of IT resources. The service Grid paradigm supports national and international cooperations.

U. Schwiegelshohn - SO For Grids

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Prospects of Service Orientation for Modern Grid Infrastructures

Uwe Schwiegelshohn D-Grid Corporation Dortmund July 7, 2008

Fundamental Process in Science

Observation Experiment Hypothesis Theory

Fundamental Process in Engineering

Observation Analysis Experiment Verification Synthesis Theory

Large Hadron Collider Cern 2008

The Tree of Knowledge

The Most Important Tool

Areas of Science and Engineering

Search for the needle in the haystack

Hypotheses, Theories, and Schemas

Efficient use of resources

New models of financing

Growth of Available Compute Power

Similar administration problems occur in different disciplines.

Encapsulation of administration Security issues Resource management

Black box approach with defined interfaces

Encapsulation of hardware, Use of metadata for orchestration system software, people,

The utilization of most personal computers is ineffcient.

A personal computer is not sufficient to solve large problems.

Desktop Grid Paradigm

Constraints of desktop Grids

Cloud Computing Paradigm (Amazon)

Constraints of the cloud computing paradigm

Enterprise Grid Paradigm

Constraints of the enterprise Grid paradigm

Service Grid Paradigm

Constraints of the service Grid paradigm

Effective protection of resources and data

Operation structure of a service Grid

Grid management and user support

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