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PTC_CE_BSD_2.1_us_mp.mcdx

Mathcad Enabled Content Copyright 2011 Knovel Corp. Building Structural Design: Composite Beam Section Properties Thomas P. Magner, P.E. 2011 Parametric Technology Corp. Chapter 2: Structural Steel Beams 2.1 Composite Beam Section Properties Disclaimer While Knovel and PTC have made every effort to ensure that the calculations, engineering solutions, diagrams and other information (collectively Solution) presented in this Mathcad worksheet are sound from the engineering standpoint and accurately represent the content of the book on which the Solution is based, Knovel and PTC do not give any warranties or representations, express or implied, including with respect to fitness, intended purpose, use or merchantability and/or correctness or accuracy of this Solution. Array origin:

ORIGIN 1
Description This application calculates the horizontal shear and section properties for composite steel beam and concrete slab sections with solid slabs, composite steel decks, or haunches. Computations are made for beams and slabs over a complete usable range of composite action from 25% to 100%. The user must identify the steel section that is used. The user must also enter the dimensions and section properties of the steel section, the dimensions of the slab section and "haunch", the compressive strength of the concrete, the unit weight of concrete and the yield strength of the steel section. Composite steel beams consisting of rolled structural beams and either solid slabs or slabs of composite steel deck and concrete in-fill are commonly used, especially in office construction. In composite construction the slab and beam are connected together and made to act as one unit by field welding steel shear studs to the beam prior to placing the concrete. Some added economy may be achieved by using the AISC Specifications provisions of Section I1 for partial composite action. These provisions permit the use of fewer studs than required for full composite behavior when the strength and stiffness of a given beam section is adequate with partial composite behavior.

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Reference: AISC "Specification for Structural Steel Buildings -- Allowable Stress Design and Plastic Design with Commentary." June 1, 1989 Input

Input Variables The user should enter the steel section designation and plate size in text. Steel Section: W16x26 Depth of the steel beam: Plate: None

d 15.69 in d ybs 2

Dimension from bottom of steel section to neutral axis of steel section: Cross-sectional area of the steel section: Moment of inertia of steel section:

As 7.68 in 2

Is 298.10 in 4

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Thickness of solid slab or thickness of concrete above top of steel deck: Effective concrete flange width: Width of concrete haunch or equivalent width of the concrete filled ribs of a steel deck parallel to the beam span of steel deck ribs: Depth of concrete haunch or depth of steel deck parallel to beam span: Notes

t 3.5 in

b 77.5 in xh 0 in

yh 2 in

For sections with a composite steel deck parallel to the span, xh is equal to the equivalent width of concrete in the ribs of the deck and yh is equal to the depth of the steel deck. For sections with a composite steel deck transverse to the beam span, xh is equal to 0 inches and yh is equal to the depth of steel deck. Computed Variables h yt total depth of composite section dimension from top of slab to neutral axis of composite section dimension from bottom of steel section to neutral axis of composite section cross-sectional area of concrete moment of inertia of composite section with 100% composite action effective moment of inertia of composite section with partial composite action

yb

Ac Itr

Ieff

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Ss

section modulus of steel section referred to bottom of section section modulus of fully composite section to bottom of steel section section modulus of composite section to top of slab effective section modulus to bottom of steel beam for section with partial composite action total horizontal shear between point of maximum positive moment and points of zero moment for full composite action total horizontal shear between point of maximum positive moment and points of zero moment for partial composite action

Str

St

Seff

Vh

V'h

N.A. neutral axis of composite section Material Properties Enter the compressive strength of concrete, yield strength of steel section and the unit weight of concrete. Specified compressive strength of concrete: Specified yield strength of steel section: Weight of concrete (minimum weight of 90 pcf):

f'c 4 ksi fy 36 ksi wc 145 pcf

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Modulus of elasticity of steel:

Es 29000 ksi

The following variables are computed from the entered material properties. Modulus of elasticity of concrete:

wc 1.5 Ec 33 pcf Es n Ec

f'c psi psi

Ec = 3644 ksi

Modular ratio:

n = 7.958

For lightweight concrete the modular ratio for normal weight is used for stress calculations, and the modular ratio for lightweight concrete is used for deflection calculations. Solution Cross-sectional area of concrete:

Ac b t + xh yh

Ac = 271.25 in 2

Total horizontal shear for 100% composite action, using AISC Specification, Eqs. (14-1) and (14-2), combined:

As fy 0.85 f'c Ac 0.85 f'c Ac As fy Vh if , , 2 2 2 2 Vh = 138.24 kip

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Section modulus of the steel section referred to the bottom flange:

Is Ss ybs

Ss = 37.999 in 3

Dimension from the neutral axis of the steel section to the top of the steel section:

yts d ybs

yts = 7.845 in

Total depth of composite section:

h t + yh + d

h = 21.19 in

Test for Location of Neutral Axis This section determines if the neutral axis for the 100% composite section lies within the steel beam, within the haunch or the ribs of the steel deck parallel to the beam span, between the slab and the steel beam, or within the slab. These conditions are summarized by the following four cases: Case 1: The neutral axis lies within the steel beam. Case 2: The neutral axis lies within the haunch or the ribs of the steel deck parallel to the beam span. Case 3: The neutral axis lies between the slab and the steel beam with the steel deck transverse to the beam. Case 4: The neutral axis lies within the slab.
2 t xh yh b t2 if Case if n As yts b t y + y x > 0 in , 2 , 3 4 + yh + , 1 , if n As , , ts h h 2 2 2

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Case = 3
Case 1 The neutral axis lies within the steel beam.

Dimension from top of slab to neutral axis of composite section:

yh b t2 + xh yh t + + n As h y bs 2 2 yt if Case 1 , , 0 in 1 Ac + n As yt = 0 in
1

Dimension from bottom of steel section to the neutral axis of composite section:

yb if Case 1 , h yt , 0 in 1 1 yb = 0 in
1

Moment of inertia of composite section with 100% composite action:

2 2 3 2 xh yh 3 yh 1 t bt 4 + b t yt + xh yh yt t , 0 in Itr if Case 1 , + n Is + n As yb1 ybs + 1 12 2 12 1 2 1 n

Itr = 0 in 4
1

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Case 2

The neutral axis lies within the haunch or the ribs of a steel deck parallel to beam span.

Dimension from top of slab to the neutral axis of composite section:

2 xh b t 2 xh t 2 n A x t + b t + n A + x t + b t + n A 4 h y + h s h s s bs 2 2 2 yt if Case 2 , , 0 in 2 xh yt = 0 in
2

Dimension from bottom of steel section to the neutral axis of composite section:

yb if Case 2 , h yt , 0 in 2 2 yb = 0 in
2

Moment of inertia of composite section with 100% composite action:

2 3 2 3 b t t 1 1 4 + b t yt , 0 in Itr if Case 2 , xh yt t + n Is + n As yb2 ybs + 2 3 12 2 2 2 n

Itr = 0 in 4
2

Case 3

The neutral axis lies between the slab and the steel beam. (Note: The steel deck is transverse to the beam span)

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Dimension from top of slab to neutral axis of composite section:

1 b t 2 + n As h ybs 2 yt if Case 3 , , 0 in 3 b t + n As yt = 3.882 in

3

Dimension from bottom of steel section to the neutral axis of composite section:

yb if Case 3 , h yt , 0 in 3 3 yb = 17.308 in
3

Moment of inertia of composite section with 100% composite action:

2 2 b t3 t 1 4 0 in + b t yt + + y , Itr if Case 3 , n I n A y s s b bs 3 12 3 2 3 n

Itr = 1175.559 in 4
3

Case 4

The neutral axis lies within the slab.

Dimension from top of slab to the neutral axis of composite section:

2 n As + n A + 2 b n A h y s s bs yt if Case 4 , , 0 in 4 b

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yt = 0 in
4

Dimension from bottom of steel section to the neutral axis of composite section:

yb if Case 4 , h yt , 0 in 4 4 yb = 0 in
4

Moment of inertia of composite section with 100% composite action:

b yt 3 4 2 , 0 in 4 Itr if Case 4 , Is + As yb ybs + 4 3n 4 Itr = 0 in 4

4

Section Properties for 100% Composite Action Dimension from top of slab to neutral axis of composite section:

yt yt

yt = 3.882 in

Dimension from bottom of steel section to neutral axis of composite section:

yb yb

yb = 17.308 in

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Moment of inertia of composite section with 100% composite action:

Itr Itr

Itr = 1175.559 in 4

Transformed section modulus of composite section with 100% composite action referred to the bottom flange of the steel section:

Itr Str yb

Str = 67.921 in 3

Transformed section modulus of composite section with 100% composite action referred to the bottom flange of the steel section:

Itr St yt

St = 302.812 in 3

Seff and V'h as Functions of the Percent of Composite Action (CA) from 25% to 100% Values for the horizontal shear, effective section modulus and effective moment of inertia are displayed in the Summary section:

CA Vh V'h ( (CA) ) 100

CA 25 , 30 100

Effective section modulus computed using a AISC Specification, Eq. (I2-1) with percent of composite action substituted for Vh and V'h:

Seff ( (CA) ) Ss +

CA Str Ss 100

Effective moment of inertia computed using a AISC Specification, Eq. (I4-4) with percent of composite action substituted for Vh and V'h:

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Ieff ( (CA) ) Is +
Summary Modulus of elasticity of concrete: Modular ratio: Total depth of composite section: Dimension from top of slab to neutral axis of composite section:

CA Itr Is 100

Ec = 3644 ksi n = 7.958 h = 21.19 in yt = 3.882 in

Dimension from bottom of steel section to neutral axis of composite section:

yb = 17.308 in

Cross section area of concrete: Moment of inertia of composite section with 100% composite action: Section modulus of steel section referred to bottom of section:

Ac = 271.25 in 2

Itr = 1175.6 in 4

Ss = 37.999 in 3

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Section modulus of fully composite section to bottom of steel section:

Str = 67.921 in 3

Section modulus of fully composite section to top of slab: Total horizontal shear between point of maximum positive moment and points of zero moment for full composite action:

St = 302.812 in 3

Vh = 138.240 kip

Plot V'h in kip for (25% to 100% Composite Action) versus Seff in in3:

140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 52.5 54 55.5 57 58.5 60 61.5 63 64.5 66 67.5 69

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25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 CA = 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

34.56 41.472 48.384 55.296 62.208 69.12 76.032 82.944 kip V'h ( (CA) )= 89.856 96.768 103.68 110.592 117.504 124.416 131.328 138.24

52.96 54.388 55.701 56.923 58.071 59.157 60.189 61.176 in 3 Seff ( (CA) )= 62.122 63.033 63.912 64.762 65.585 66.385 67.163 67.921

0.737 0.779 0.817 0.853 0.887 0.919 0.949 0.978 10 3 in 4 Ieff ( (CA) )= 1.006 1.032 1.058 1.083 1.107 1.131 1.153 1.176

User Notices

Equations and numeric solutions presented in this Mathcad worksheet are applicable to the
specific example, boundary condition or case presented in the book. Although a reasonable effort was made to generalize these equations, changing variables such as loads, geometries and spans, materials and other input parameters beyond the intended range may make some equations no longer applicable. Modify the equations as appropriate if your parameters fall outside of the intended range. For this Mathcad worksheet, the global variable defining the beginning index identifier for vectors and arrays, ORIGIN, is set as specified in the beginning of the worksheet, to either 1 or 0. If ORIGIN is set to 1 and you copy any of the formulae from this worksheet into your own, you need to ensure that your worksheet is using the same ORIGIN.

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