UMTS-WCDMA Technology Overview 211110

UMTS/WCDMA Technology Overview
Created by Sandeep B.Patil (Trainer, ALUMS) 09322286777
WCDMA Technology Overview

Course Contents :
Introduction 3G and UMTS/WCDMA overview WCDMA Radio Concepts and Procedures WCDMA Protocols layers and Channels WCDMA Power Controls and Handovers Basic UE Call flow Procedures and Operations High Speed Downlink Packet Access( HSDPA) High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) Introduce HSPA +
All Lights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2010
Objectives
At the end of this training session,participants would be able to : Describe the main UMTS/WCDMA requirements. Explain fundamental WCDMA concepts. Understand WCDMA Protocol layers and Channels. Know the types of Power control and Handovers. Understand the Basic UE Call flows. Illustrate the main HSDPA and HSUPA concepts and Principles. Introduce HSPA+
Chapter 1 Introduction
Mobile Generation from 2G to 3G
What is 3G all about?

Technology? Individual new services?
3G is about improving the end-user experience

Doing things BETTER Doing things FASTER Doing NEW things
by taking mobile multimedia services to a new level
faster speeds for user-friendly delivery of larger content providing mass-market network capacity
3G VISION
One World, One Vision, One Network
A single network architecture and single radio interface for all the networks of the world. Same set of services with same behavior any where in the world. To realize global roaming.
What is 3G or IMT-2000
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) defined the key requirements for International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 (IMT-2000) services, commonly known as
3G
3G requirements Improved system capacity, backward compatibility with Second Generation (2G) systems , multimedia support, and high speed packet data services meeting the following criteria: 2 Mbps in fixed or in-building environments 384 kbps in pedestrian or urban environments 144 kbps in wide area mobile environments
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What is UMTS ?
What is Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)? An IMT-2000 standard 3G mobile wireless solution. Designed to be deployed reusing most parts of the GSM/GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) core network (a key driver in standardization!) UMTS uses a totally new CDMA-based Radio Access technology in the form of WCDMA. Supports multiple services, better quality of service (QoS) differentiation and higher data rates (up to 14 Mbps).
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WCDMA ~ Why ?
Increase in Subscribers and Traffic New BW consuming applications like gaming, video streaming place new demands on capacity. Solution : New technique - Wideband CDMA (WCDMA)
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WCDMA ~ What ?
W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division multiple Access) Or UMTS-FDD / UTRA-FDD Or IMT-2000 CDMA Direct Spread An air interface standard found in 3G mobile telecommunications networks.
The ITU accepted W-CDMA as part of the IMT-2000 family of 3G standards. Later, W-CDMA was selected as an air interface for UMTS.
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WCDMA ~ Who ?
The world's first commercial W-CDMA service, FOMA, was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in 2001.
FOMA High-Speed
(HSUPA services)
7.2 Mbit/s
5.7 Mbit/s
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3GPP Releases
Releases Release 99 Data Transfer Speed 64 Kbps : Circuit switched 384 kbps : Packet switched Downlink : 384 Kbps Uplink : 384 Kbps Downlink :1.8Mbps-7.2Mbps Uplink :384 Kbps Downlink : 7.2Mbps Uplink : 5.8 Mbps Downlink : 40Mbps Uplink : 10Mbps Features Bearer Services Location services Call services compatible with GSM based on USIM Multimedia messaging Improved location Services IP Multimedia Services (IMS) HSDPA Ipv6,IP transport in UTRAN IP Multimedia System(IMS) HSUPA Multimedia broadcast and multicast WLAN integration Improvement in MS 64 QAM , MIMO VoIP over HSPA CPC continuous packet connectivity
Release 4
Release 5
Release 6
Release 7
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QOS Classes
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GSM vs WCDMA
GSM/EDGE UMTS Generation Access Method Carrier Frequency Bandwidth Radio Network Core Network GPRS Network 2.75 G TDMA 200 KHz GERAN MSC/GMSC 3G WCDMA 5 MHz UTRAN MSC/GMSC MGW/GMGW SGSN/GGSN SGSN/GGSN
UMTS and GSM/EDGE can share a Core Network (CN),making UTRAN an alternative radio access network to GERAN (GSM/EDGE RAN)
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CDMA vs WCDMA
CDMA 2000 Generation Access Method Carrier Frequency Bandwidth Chip rate 3G CDMA 1.25 MHz 1.22Mcps UMTS 3G WCDMA 5MHz 3.84Mcps
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WCDMA Benefits
Benefits of Wideband carrier :
Support for higher bit rates. BW on demand Asymmetric Data Rates Higher spectrum efficiency. Improved Trunking efficiency. Higher QoS.
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WCDMA ~ Asymmetric Data Rates

HTTP - Request (In Kilobytes) HTTP - Response (In Megabytes)
3G Network
HTTP Server Channels with different bandwidths in UL & DL direction lead to efficient radio spectrum utilization. Useful for applications such as web access and cable TV.
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WCDMA ~ Bandwidth on Demand
Multimedia = High Data Rate or Text only = Low Data Rate
RAN
CN
SN
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WCDMA Benefits
Voice Service
Internet Access
3G Network
Video Access
Varying BWs depending on the service requirements Different channels may have different QoS services
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WCDMA ~ Data Services over Wireless
Travel Info
Travel Info
Wireless Network
Internet
E-mail/Voicemail Stocks News Messaging M-Commerce
Horoscope
Maps Maps
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Weather
WCDMA ~ Data Services over Wireless
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Chapter 2
3G and UMTS/WCDMA Fundamentals
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UMTS Spectrum
The frequency bands originally defined by the ITU are Europe UMTS-2100 1920 1980 MHz (uplink) 21102170 MHz (downlink) America UMTS-1900 and UMTS-850 824-849 MHz (uplink) 869-894 MHz (downlink)
18501910 MHz (uplink) 19301990 MHz (downlink) Japan UMTS-800 830-840 MHz (uplink) 875-885 MHz (downlink)
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UMTS Spectrum for Reliance

3G Service Area
Mumbai Delhi Kolkata Punjab Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh West Bengal Himachal Pradesh Bihar Orissa Assam North East Jammu & Kashmir
Uplink
1959-1964 MHz 1974-1979 MHz 1974-1979 MHz 1964-1969 MHz 1959-1964 MHz 1969-1974 MHz 1964-1969 MHz 1974-1979 MHz 1969-1974 MHz 1974-1979 MHz 1959-1964 MHz 1974-1979 MHz 1969-1974 MHz
Downlink
2149-2154 MHz 2164-2169 MHz 2164-2169 MHz 2154-2159 MHz 2149-2154 MHz 2159-2164 MHz 2154-2159 MHz 2164-2169 MHz 2159-2164 MHz 2164-2169 MHz 2149-2154 MHz 2164-2169 MHz 2159-2164 MHz
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UMTS Spectrum
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UMTS/WCDMA terminology
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UMTS Network architecture
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UMTS Network architecture

A UMTS system consists of three major subsystems: User Equipment (UE) May be a mobile, a fixed station, a data terminal, etc.
includes a USIM, which contains all of a users subscription information.
Access Network Includes all of the radio equipment necessary for accessing the network. Core Network Includes all of the switching and routing capability for connecting to either the PSTN or a Packet Data Network ,for mobility and subscriber location management and for authentication services.
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User Equipment
Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM)
It is an application that manages UE subscription information and authentication functions.
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UTRAN
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UTRAN Network Element
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UTRAN Network Element
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Core Network
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UMTS Network topology
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UMTS Network topology

In the circuit-switched domain, a collection of cells controlled by multiple Node Bs is called a Location Area (LA). Mobility management for circuitswitched operations is based on Location Areas. In the packet-switched domain, mobility management for packet-switched operations is based on Routing Areas (RA). Cell, LAs, and RAs are also grouped into UTRAN Registration Areas (URA). These are used to manage the location of the UE in the UTRAN while it is operating in UTRA connected mode. An RA shall be a subset of one and only one LA (a RA cannot span more than one LA). A Routing Area may be identical to a Location Area, or there may be multiple Routing Areas within a given Location Area. A UTRAN Registration Area will probably be smaller than an LA or RA, though this is not required. Up to eight URAs may be identified within a cell.
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Subscriber and UE identifiers

Subscriber Identifiers are stored in the USIM International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI) Packet Switched Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity ( P-TMSI) UE Identifiers are stored in the Mobile International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) Cell Radio Network Temporary Identity ( C-RNTI ) UTRAN Radio Network Temporary Identity (U-RNTI)
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Subscriber s permanent ID Assigned by the service provider when the subscription is activated Stored in the USIM and the HLR
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XY = 00 -TMSI 01- TMSI 10- TMSI 11- P-TMSI

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All other bits are arbitrary assigned by VLR or SGSN A value of all 1s is not valid
SRNC : Serving Radio Network Controller S-RNTI : SRNC Radio Network Temporary Identity
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IMEI : International Mobile Equipment Identity Mobile Permanent ID Assigned at the factory Only used over the air if the USIM is not available or if requested by the Network
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3GPP Release 99/R3 Architecture
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3GPP Release R4 Architecture
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3GPP Release R5 Architecture
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Chapter 3
WCDMA Radio Concepts and Procedures
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Multiple Access methods
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Frequency Reuse
WCDMA allows Universal Frequency Reuse which is the ability to reuse the same radio channel frequency throughout the network.
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Spreading and Scrambling

Spreading
Spreading is the process by which information at the lower rate (lower bandwidth) is spread across a wider bandwidth ( at higher rate). Uplink and Downlink data streams are spread to a chip rate(3.84Mcps) using Orthogonal codes Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) codes. All OVSF codes are orthogonal to each other and they form a code tree to get multiple spreading factors which will allow support for users at different data rates. The channelization codes are OVSF codes that preserves the orthogonality between users different physical channels.
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If data bit rate is 30kbps and spreaded to a chip rate of 3.84 Mcps ,then the spreading factor is 128.
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Scrambling
In order to separate the signals coming from different cells in the downlink and the signals coming from different users in the Uplink, Scrambling codes are used on the top of Channelization (OVSF)codes. GOLD codes have been chosen as Scrambling codes in UMTS networks. Gold codes are Pseudorandom Noise (PN)sequences having good cross correlation properties which is good for separating cells and users.
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OVSF Tree
The channelization codes are defined as where SF is the spreading factor of the code and k is the code no. 0<k<SF-1
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Downlink Scrambling Codes:
In the downlink the scrambling code (or long code) is used to identify a particular cell. A total of = 2,62,143 scrambling codes can be generated. However truncated to a length of one 10ms radio frame so that each code is 38400 chips long. Only first 8192 codes are used and broken into 512 groups each consisting of a primary code and 15 secondary codes. Each cell is allocated one and only one scrambling code. The primary CCPCH is always transmitted using primary scrambling code while other downlink channels can be transmitted with either primary or secondary code.
Two cells with the same PSC cannot overlap.
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Uplink Scrambling Codes:
There are = 16,777,232 uplink scrambling codes.
Either Short or Long scrambling codes can be used on the Uplink. The short scrambling codes are used with MUD ( Multi user detection) The Uplink scrambling code is decided by the network and the mobile is informed in the downlink access grant message what scrambling code to use. The uplink scrambling code has a period of one radio frame so that each code length is 38400 chips ( long) and or 66.7ms to have 256 chips( short).
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Channelisation code
Uplink: Separation of physical data( DPDCH) and control channels ( DPCCH) from the same terminal(UE) Downlink: Separation of downlink dedicated user channels within a cell Variable (depends on the user allocation) Uplink : 10ms 66.7ms 38400 chips(long) 256 chips (short)
Scrambling code
Uplink: Separation of terminals(UEs) Downlink: Separation of sectors (cell)
Use
Length
Uplink : 4- 256 Downlink: 10ms 38400 chips Downlink : 4- 512
Number of codes
Depends on the spreading factor (SF)
Uplink: Several millions Downlink: 512
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An example to know how the different codes are used within the WCDMA system. It is usual that cells 1 and 2 will be transmitting and receiving on the same frequency.
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BS1 transmits a single signal which includes the channelization code for user 1 (Ccu1)and the channelization code for user 2 (Ccu2), both of which are unified under a single scrambling code (Csbs1). In the downlink for cell 2 the same situation occurs with the exception that the scrambling code (Csbs2) must be different to that of cell 1. However, the same channelization codes which are used in cell 1 can also be used in cell 2. In the uplink each of the mobile devices is identified by its scrambling code (Csu1..4). The mobile devices can all use the same channelization codes since these are concealed by the unique scrambling code.
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Chapter 4
WCDMA Protocol layers and Channels
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UMTS Signaling protocols
Access Stratum (AS) protocols run between UE and UTRAN. o Implements radio access between the UE and the UTRAN o Includes all functions related to transmission and reception over the radio interface, handovers, radio link setup etc. o Based on WCDMA technology Non-Access stratum (NAS) protocols run between the UE and the CN o Establishes and manages connection between the UE and CN networks o Provide mobility functions such as location management and inter-network handovers. i.e. interoperability between UMTS and GSM.
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UMTS Signaling protocol stack
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Protocol stack
Circuit Switched Control Plane
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Protocol stack
Circuit Switched User Plane
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Protocol stack
Packet Switched Control Plane
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Protocol stack
Packet Switched User Plane
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Access Stratum
The Access Stratum consists of the following layers: Layer 3 Radio Resource Control (RRC) Layer 2 Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Broadcast/Multicast Control (BMC) Radio Link Control (RLC) Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer 1 Physical Layer (PHY or L1)
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Access Stratum
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Access Stratum
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Access Stratum
Data flow between layers is represented by: Radio Bearers Carry signaling between peer RRC entities or carry user data between peer application layer entities. Logical Channels Carry signaling and user data between peer RLC entities. Transport Channels Carry signaling and user data between peer MAC entities. Physical Channels Carry signaling and user data over the radio link.
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Layer 3-RRC
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Layer 2 Radio link control
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Layer 2 Radio link control

Radio Link Control (RLC) provides segmentation and retransmission service for both the RRC signaling (the Signaling Radio Bearer) and for the user data (the Radio Access Bearer). RLC operates in one of three modes: Transparent Mode (TM) In this mode, the RLC layer adds no overhead. AMR speech uses transparent mode. Unacknowledged Mode (UM) In this mode, there are no RLC layer retransmissions. This is used by applications that can tolerate some loss of packets and/or cannot tolerate the variations in delay that retransmission would produce. Voice over IP uses unacknowledged mode. Acknowledged Mode (AM) Employs RLC layer retransmissions to provide assured delivery of packets.
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Layer 2 PDPC and BMC
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Layer 2 Medium Access Control
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Layer 1 Physical Layer
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Layer 1-Physical layer

The physical layer is structured into radio frames, each of 10ms duration and a radio frame is divided into 15 time slots. Blocks of data are transferred across air interface in each radio frame and the data rate at which information is sent may change with radio frame granularity. All time slots of a same TDMA frame have the same bit rate. The bit rate may be changed for each frame. Fast power control may be performed for each time slot (1500 Hz).
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Transport Channel Multiplexing

Two transport channels are processed and then combined into a single channel referred as coded composite transport channel (CCTrCH). The composite channel is spread with the appropriate codes and then modulated for transmission. This multiplexing of channel is done at physical layer which allows one user to have a number of simultaneous transport channels with their own QOS profile. The process of CRC, Turbo coding, interleaving are designed to ensure that data is transferred reliably across Uu interface
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UTRAN Protocols
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UTRAN Protocols
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UTRAN Protocols
Interfaces
Interfaces are the logical connections between the network elements. Iu-CS : Interface between the RNC and the Circuit Switched Core Network (CS-CN). Iu-PS : Interface between the RNC and the Packet Switched Core Network (PS-CN) Iub : Interface between the RNC and the Node B Iur : Interface between RNCs in the same network Iur interface is mainly needed for soft Handovers involving 2 RNCs though not required as the absence of Iur will cause these handovers to become hard handovers.
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UTRAN Protocols
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UTRAN Protocols
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UTRAN Protocols
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UTRAN Protocols
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UTRAN Protocols
The same general protocol model is applied for all Iu Interfaces
Application Protocol
-NBAP for Iub interface - RNSAP for Iur interface - RANAP for Iu-CS and Iu-PS interfaces
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UTRAN Protocols
Iub Protocols
(ALCAP signaling is used to set up AAL2 connections for Data Streams, NBAP & AAL2 are carried on AAL5)
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UTRAN Protocols
Iur Protocols
(ALCAP signaling is used to set up AAL2 connections for Data Streams, RNSAP AAL2 are carried on AAL5)
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UMTS Radio Channels
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UMTS Radio Channels
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UMTS Radio Channels
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Channel Mapping
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Channel Mapping
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Channel Mapping
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Channel Mapping
Idle mode
99
Channel Mapping
Connected mode
100
Channel Mapping
Dedicated Channels
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Why Transport Channels?
A transport channel offers a flexible pattern to arrange information on any service-specific rate, delay or coding before mapping it on a physical channel: it provides flexibility in traffic variation it enables multiplexing of transport channels on the same physical channel The logical channels are mapped on the transport channels by the MAC protocols. By this way the data are processed according to the QoS required before sending them to the Node B by the Iub.
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A transport channel is defined by a Transport Format (TF) which may change every Time Transmission Interval (TTI). The TF is made of a Transport Block Set. The Transport Block size and the number of Transport Block inside the set are dynamical parameters. The TTI is a static parameter and is set typically at 10, 20 or 40 ms.
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Time slot mapping
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Time slot mapping
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Chapter 5
WCDMA Power control and Handovers
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Power Control
Weak Signal
Strong Signal
Distant User Near By User
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Power Control
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WCDMA Power Control
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Uplink Open Loop Power Control

UE estimates its minimum required transmit power. Power is based on received power measurement and signaled transmit power information. Used on Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). Used at the start of a dedicated Physical Channel.
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Uplink Closed Loop Power Control
Fast power control is also known as closed inner loop power control, and runs at 1500 Hz. The transmitter gets commands 1500 times a second from the receiver to either increase or decrease its power.
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For voice calls, good quality of service may be approximately 1% BLER. To maintain a 1% BLER, a specific signal-to-interference (SIR) target may be required. If the user is in a bad fading environment (moving fast in a cluttered environment), then the user needs a higher SIR target than a user in a better fading environment (slow moving, not much clutter). As both users require a 1% BLER, it is the job of power control to find the right SIR target. The process of finding the right SIR target is called outer loop power control. Different services may have different SIR target values.
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Outer Loop (Slow PC) An SIR target algorithm based on BLER may be adjusted slowly. Since BLER is based on CRCs, and AMR voice CRCs are received on 20 ms TTI boundaries, the fastest this outer loop power control method can be adjusted is 50 times a second. Inner Loop (Fast PC) The SIR estimate must be calculated every slot (15 times per 10 ms radio frame), since the DPCCHs Pilot is present every slot. The inner loop is given the SIR target, and compares the SIR estimate to the SIR target. If the SIR estimate is greater than the SIR target, inner loop signals the transmitter to power down. If the SIR estimate is less than the SIR target, inner loop signals the transmitter to power up. This happens quickly, 1500 times a second, to rapidly compensate for quickly changing fading conditions.
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Downlink Closed Loop Power Control
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Downlink Closed Loop Power Control

The UE runs its own Downlink closed loop power control algorithm. The outer-loop algorithm is unspecified. In one algorithm, the UE measures the BLER over a number of frames and increases or decreases the SIR target. Based on the SIR target and the SIR estimate, the UE tells UTRAN to either increase or decrease the transmit power of its dedicated channel. The Node Bs range of power adjustment for its dedicated channel may be around 20 dB. Downlink power control (inner-loop) is run at either 1500 or 500 Hz.
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WCDMA Soft Handover

UE can maintain connections to multiple cells in soft handover.
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WCDMA Soft Handover

Advantages of Soft Handover Reduces interference and transmit power required Increases capacity Reduces dropped calls Improves voice quality Variations of soft handover include: Soft Handover involves traffic channels from more than one Node B. Softer Handover - involves traffic channels from two sectors of one Node B. Soft/Softer Handover involves more than one Node B and two sectors of one Node B.
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Cell Reselection versus Handover
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Cell Reselection vs. Handover Cell reselection is the process of selecting a new cell when the UE is not operating on a dedicated Traffic Channel. The UE selects a new cell autonomously without requiring intervention from UTRAN. However, UTRAN provides parameters in the system information messages that influence the UEs cell reselection decision. Handover Handover is the process of adding or removing cells with which the UE is communicating on a dedicated Traffic Channel. The UE assists in the process by taking measurements of the signal strength of neighbor cells and reporting this to UTRAN, but ultimately UTRAN decides when to perform a handover.
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Cell Categories
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WCDMA Soft Handover
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WCDMA Soft Handover
126
WCDMA Soft Handover
Inter BSC Soft Handover

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WCDMA Soft Handover
Soft-Softer Handover
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Inter-RAT Hard Handover
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Uplink Power Control in Soft Handover
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Uplink Power Control in Soft Handover

When a UE is involved in a soft handover, it may receive conflicting power control commands from the different Node Bs. The UE resolves this conflict using a simple rule: if any Node B commands the UE to reduce power, it will reduce power. This is called OR of the downs. In the event of a multi-cell (same Node B) handoff, the UE should receive identical commands from the two cells. Knowing this, the UE soft combines the bits before making a decision on the value of the bit. Here, there is no OR of the downs. The reason is that if the signal is from two cells but the same Node B, the signal likely experiences the same general fading environment. During handover, there can be up to six sets of TPC indices, one index from each Node B. If the TPC index is the same, this means those cells correspond to the same Node B. If the Node Bs are different, signaled by a different TPC index, then the Node Bs are in different fading environments. The UE powers down if any of the Node Bs transmit a power down command (OR of the downs).
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Chapter 6
Basic UE Call Flow Procedures and Operations
132
When Phone is turned ON ?
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When Phone is turned ON ?

What Happens when the Phone is turned on? When a UE is first powered up, it begins to search for a suitable system by deciding which band and Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (ARFCN) to search. In most cases, the UE attempts to find a suitable cell on the list of frequencies that the UE has camped on in the past, or from information provided from the operator.
Initial system acquisition in WCDMA is performed as a three-step search process: 1. Slot Synchronization Use P-SCH to find slot timing. 2. Frame Synchronization and Code Group Identification Find the start of the 10 ms frame and reduce the number of PSCs to search in Step 3 from 512 to 8. 3. Scrambling Code Identification Find the correct PSC (out of 8 possible).
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Call Establishment
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Mobile Originated Voice Call Flow
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Mobile Originated Voice Call Flow
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Packet Switched Data Call Flow
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Packet Switched Data Call Flow
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Mobile Terminated Voice Call Setup
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Mobile Terminated Voice Call Setup
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Call Release
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Call Release
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UE Procedures at Power Off
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UMTS Security Overview
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AKA Parameters
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AKA Parameters
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UE Radio Connection States
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UE Radio Connection States
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UE UTRA States Idle Mode
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UE UTRA States CELL_FACH State
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UE UTRA States CELL_PCH State
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UE UTRA States URA_PCH State
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UE UTRA States Relation to NAS States
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Overview of Voice and Data Services
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Voice Services
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Voice Services AMR Voice Codec
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Packet Switched Data Services Overview
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Packet Switched Data Services Procedures
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Quality of Service
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Quality of Service
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QoS UMTS Traffic Classes
Delay and Error Tolerance

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Concurrent Services
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Concurrent Services
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Chapter 7
Basic Concepts Of HSDPA & HSUPA
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HSDPA and HSUPA
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UMTS Data Rate Evolution
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HSDPA Basic Concepts
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HSDPA Basic Concepts
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Multi-Code Operation
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Adaptive Modulation and Coding
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Node B Transmit Power Allocation
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HARQ Protocol
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HSDPA Scheduling and Retransmissions
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HSDPA Channels
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HSDPA Channels
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HSDPA Channel Mapping

Only dedicated logical channels may be mapped to HS-DSCH. The Dedicated Signaling Channel (DCCH) may be mapped to HS-DSCH, though the more important mapping is to DTCH, which carries user data. When DTCH is mapped to HS-DSCH, only Unacknowledged Mode (UM) And Acknowledged Mode (AM) channels may be used. A UE operating in HSDPA mode also has at least one Release 99 dedicated channel (DCH/DPDCH) allocated, to ensure that RRC and NAS signaling can always be sent, even if the UE cannot receive the high speed channels. The HS-DPCCH is a physical layer control channel. It carries no upper Layer information, and therefore has no logical or transport channel mapping.
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HSDPA Functional Overview
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HSDPA Functional Overview

The UE is served from one Serving HS-DSCH cell only. From this cell, we have these Physical Layer channels operating: HS-PDSCH (DL) carries high speed user data shared by several UEs. HS-SCCH (DL) carries control information for HSDPA use. HS-DPCCH (UL) the HS-DPCCH caries UL feedback information including the HARQ feedback to indicate if the packet on the DL was received correctly. The HS-DPCCH runs in parallel with the R99 DPCHs that carry the DCH. This leaves the DCH operation unchanged and enables DCH operation in soft handoff. R99 DPCHs (UL and DL) these channels can operate in soft handover and carry DCHs, which carry user and control data and can operate when the UE is out of HSDPA coverage.
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Overall Comparison Summary
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Change of Serving Node B Repointing
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Change of Serving Node B Repointing

Serving Node B Change HSDPA channels do not operate in soft handover. For a given UE, the Node B from which it receives the HSDPA channels is called the Serving Node B. The UE may be in soft handover on the associated Dedicated Physical Channel (DPCH). If the radio conditions change such that there is a better cell on another Node B for HSDPA operations, the Serving HSDPA Node B change procedure is performed. This procedure occurs independently from the Active Set Update procedure.
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HSDPA Performance Summary
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High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA)
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Applications Requiring an Improved Uplink
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Release 99 Uplink Limitations
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Enhancements Provided by HSUPA
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High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA)
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How are HSUPA Enhancements Achieved?
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Theoretical HSUPA Maximum Data Rate
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New UL Transport Channel

Enhanced Uplink Dedicated Channel (E-DCH)
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New Uplink Physical Channels
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New Downlink Physical Channels
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New Channels in HSUPA Operation
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HSUPA Channels Mapping
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HSUPA Channels Mapping
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HSUPA Features Hybrid ARQ
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HSUPA Features Hybrid ARQ

HSUPA Features HARQ Operation HARQ is based on the Stop-and-Wait (SAW) Protocol. A stop and wait protocol transmits a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of information and then waits for a response. The receiver receives each PDU and sends an Acknowledgement (ACK) PDU if a data PDU is received correctly, and a Negative Acknowledgement (NACK) PDU if the data was not received. Rel6 HSUPA employs HARQ (as well as HSDPA), but does not support higher modulation schemes (e.g., 16 QAM) or Adaptive Modulation (features added in Rel7). HSUPA does use Adaptive Coding, which adjusts the amount of error correction depending on loading and channel conditions. Unlike HARQ in HSDPA, HARQ in HSUPA is fully synchronous. Another difference is that HSUPA supports UL soft handover. This means that HARQ can involve ACK/NACKs from more than one Node B.
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HSUPA versus Release 99 Data Transmission
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HSUPA versus Release 99 Rate Adaptation
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HSUPA vs. HSDPA
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Chapter 8
Evolution of UMTS Release 7 HSPA + an introduction
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Goals For HSPA+ In Release 7
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HSPA+ Features in Release 7
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MIMO and Higher Order Modulation
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What is MIMO?
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Higher Order Modulations in Release 7
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Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC) and Other Enhancements
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HSPA+ Advantages
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Your Questions ???????????
Send your queries to sandeep.b.patil@alcatel-lucent.com 09322286777

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UMTS/WCDMA Technology Overview

Created by Sandeep B.Patil (Trainer, ALUMS) 09322286777

WCDMA Technology Overview

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WCDMA Technology Overview

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Mobile Generation from 2G to 3G

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Mobile Generation from 2G to 3G

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Mobile Generation from 2G to 3G

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What is 3G all about?

3G is about improving the end-user experience

by taking mobile multimedia services to a new level

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One World, One Vision, One Network

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WCDMA ~ Asymmetric Data Rates

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WCDMA ~ Bandwidth on Demand

Multimedia = High Data Rate or Text only = Low Data Rate

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WCDMA ~ Data Services over Wireless

E-mail/Voicemail Stocks News Messaging M-Commerce

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WCDMA ~ Data Services over Wireless

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WCDMA Technology Overview

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UMTS Spectrum for Reliance

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UMTS Network architecture

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UMTS Network architecture

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It is an application that manages UE subscription information and authentication functions.

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UTRAN Network Element

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UTRAN Network Element

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UMTS Network topology

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UMTS Network topology

Subscriber and UE identifiers

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Subscriber and UE identifiers

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