International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 2, Issue 2, March April 2013 ISSN 2278-6856

Scening of an accidental alarm system of vehicles with a Heart beat sensor

P.Koteswara Rao1, SK.MD.Haneef Babu2
1

Asst.proffesor, ECM department, KL University, Vijayawada, A.P, India

2

Student, ECM department, KL University, Vijayawada, A.P, India

Abstract:

This paper presents the design and implementation of scene of the accidental monitoring system based on MEMs, GPS, Body temperature and Heart beat sensor. The Heart beat sensor used as Wrist watch, It stores a maximum pulse rate of rider and temperature of body. when the accident occurred the microcontroller device will send short message by GSM indicating the pulse rate of heart beat, temperature of body if increase or decrease and position of vehicle with the GPS latitude and longitude values to the family numbers, hospital, EMS(emergence medical service).And a buzzer will blink by a beep sound by this we can easily find the scene of accident in ruler areas. In case of the vehicle was stolen user can send request command with alphabet ! to the device and the device will returns the location of vehicle. Hear the heart beat sensor and body temperature are very use full to this system to save and decrease the death and disability of people who got the accident. The overall system was packed in robust aluminium case and embedded under motorcycle seat.

Keywords: PIC16F778, GPS, GSM, MEMS, Heartbeat sensor, Body temperature, Buzzer and Trimble studio vi.001

1. INTRODUCTION
Now a days our government had inform that their is no case for an accidental people because scene of accident is a major problem in every country so it is very good news for us. But this problem is till increasing due to the riders poor behaviour. Traffic has become an important event in the national interest. when traffic occur poor emergency incident is a major cause for the high number of traffic fatalities and the death rate in our country. Therefore, several research group and major motorcycle manufacturers including Honda have developed safety devices to protect riders from accidental injuries. However, good safety device for motorcycle is difficult to implement and very expensive. Recently accident alarm system and wireless black box as implemented to save life by helping riders to get medical treatment on time. When the accident occurred the microcontroller device will send a short message indicating the pulse rate of person, temperature of body and position of vehicle by GPS to a family member, hospital and EMS. The location of

vehicle is find in the Google maps by the Trimble studio vi.001. In the previous paper the linear fall and non linear fall explained very cleared but when the rider gets heart stroke it shows as normal linear fall so we cannot save the riders life. So that here I am implementing a heartbeat sensor as wrist watch and body temperature. The wrist watch stores the maximum pulse rate of rider and body temperature. In case the heart beat rate and body temperature increase or decrease automatically the microcontroller device will send a short message indicating heart beat rate and temperature of body by GPS to the family numbers, hospital and EMS. By this we can save and reduce the riders life. In case of the vehicle was stolen user can send request command with alphabet ! to the device and the device will returns the location of vehicle. Hear heart beat sensor and body temperature are very use full to this system to save and decrease the death and disability of people who got the accident. A buzzer will blink by a beep sound by this alarm sound we can easily find the scene of accident in the ruler areas. The robust package design is implemented so that it is safe from water's spray and dust in environment. The whole system was packed in aluminium box with Li-ion backup battery. The power from backup battery was periodically charged from motorcycle battery. The module is aimed to be embedded under the motorcycle seat.

2. SYSTEMOVERVIEW
The system consists of cooperative components of an MEMs accelerometer, PIC microcontroller unit (MC),Heart beat sensor, Body temperature, GPS device and GSM module for sending a short massage. An accelerometer is applied for awareness and fall detection indicating an accident. The speed of motorcycle and threshold algorithm are used to decide a fall or accident in real-time. Heart beat sensor is use to store the maximum pulse rate of person and degrees of body temperature. Mobile short massage containing the pulse rate of rider, temperature of body and position of vehicle from GPS (latitude, longitude) will be sent when motorcycle accident is detected. Page 191

Volume 2, Issue 2 March April 2013

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 2, Issue 2, March April 2013 ISSN 2278-6856
time by using a bicycle. Here to determine the accelerometer output, two frames of acceleration data, which include 3-axis acceleration at present time (t) and prior time (t-1), are used for analysis. For a linear fall, the z-axis acceleration follows free falling condition which is given by ( Az) => 9.7 m/s2 (1) where the Az is the z-axis acceleration. In a non-linear fall, two frames of acceleration data are used. From non-linear fall experiments under most likely situations, we found that the change of acceleration between two consecutive frames should be more than 15. 5 mls2. Thus, the non-linear fall condition is given by (An, t An, t-1) =>15.5 m/s2 Figure 1 System architecture. A high performance 8 bits MC is used to process and store real-time signal from the accelerometer. Moreover, this device can be used to track motorcycle after it was stolen but it can't operate in real-time in this case. In this case, user can send request command with alphabet "!" to device and the device will return the position with some basic information. The robust package design is implemented so that it is safe from water's spray and dust in environment. The module is aimed to be installed under the motorcycle seat. The whole system was packed in aluminium box with Li-ion backup battery. The power from backup battery was periodically charged from motorcycle battery. In case of accident, backup battery may operate alone and its backup power is enough for signal processing and short message service. Where the An,t is acceleration from x, y or z coordinate at the present time frame and An, t-l is acceleration parameter from x, y or z coordinate in the previous time frame. However, false detection may occur in case of a severe brake because data are not kept and processed over a long time frame. Normally, there is noise in z-axis while motorcycle rides over knotty surface. The noise is filtered by averaging acceleration data all of three axes over five time frames. Here the circuit diagram shows the prototype connections of PIC16F877A with a components MEMS, heart beat sensor, body temperature sensor, GPS,GSM and with the power supply. In a real time we can use heart beat sensor and body temperature sensor as wrist watch so it can gives pulse rate in analog. The analog values is converted into digital values by ADC of PIC microcontroller. (2)

3. METHODOLOGY OF DETECTION
The system of this project is to find fall or not fall of vehicle and to find the heart beat rate, body temperature of rider which shows in a wrist watch sensor. In general, motorcycle fall can be classified as linear fall and nonlinear fall. The linear fall is occurred by without any external force, which is called free falling condition that only z-axis acceleration changes. The non-linear fall occurs by the external force. The nonlinear fall detection is decided by all 3-axis acceleration data from accelerometer and the ground speed from GPS module. In general the linear fall is classified as a free falling condition but when the rider gets an heart stroke the fall may show as a free falling condition then we cannot save the rider. so that I am implementing a heart beat sensor and body temperature sensor. These sensors was embedded in a motorcycle seat to fix the accelerometers axis so that the response of acceleration data is well defined. The classification of the fall detection utilized the 3-axis acceleration signal from MEMs accelerometer and the ground speed from GPS module. The Linear Fall and Non Linear fall threshold algorithm was well explained by wireless black box using MEMs accelometer for accidental monitoring system in real Volume 2, Issue 2 March April 2013

Figure 2 circuit Diagram The fall detection alarm system for motorcycle accident, heart beat sensor and body temperature operates according to the flowchart as shown in Figure. After system start, microcontroller periodically gets 3-axis acceleration data from the accelerometer and gets pulse rate and body temperature. If the device identifies a linear fall condition the system detects a linear fall, and Page 192

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 2, Issue 2, March April 2013 ISSN 2278-6856
the wrist watch satisfies or increase the pulse rate and the body temperature. The device will save and send the sms indicating the position of accidental place, heart beat rate and temperature of body. monitors to detect core temperature and it tell you how hard your heart is working while you exercise. By displaying your heart rate as you exercise, heart rate watches can help you determine when you need to put more effort into a workout, when to slow down and when it is critical to rest. Previous heart rate monitor consist of two elements to read the pulse rate a chest strap transmitter and a strapless wrist watch. Strapless heart rate monitors use electrocardiogram information to read heart rate by detecting your pulse through the fingers, arms or wrist. Strapless heart rate monitors usually only offer intermittent readings and can be less accurate than strap monitors because they are located farther from the heart. Most strapless monitors require touching a sensor, which can interrupt exercise but is still easier than stopping to manually count your heart rate by checking your pulse. Figure 3 Flow chart If the condition of linear fall is not met, the system will check for non-linear fall from 3-axis acceleration data. If data from each axis identify non linear fall it sends the heartbeat rate and body temperature of rider and then it takes some delay to check the speed from GPS module and posture of motorcycle will be monitored. If motorcycle is still running (ground speed is more than zero) after 10 seconds or posture are not lying down on the ground, no motorcycle accident is assumed. Otherwise, nonlinear fall is detected and position data from GPS module will be sent via SMS by indicating the position of accident, pulse rate and body temperature. While no fall condition is met and no heart beat rise , the system will always return to starting point of the program. The wrist watch contains only a two sensors which is used on back and front side of wrist to view the heart rate. A pulse wave sensor includes a detecting element and a sensor body. The pulse wave sensor is worn on the back side of a user's wrist corresponding to the back of the user's hand. The detecting element includes a translucent member on its top, and the translucent member has a convex surface. The detecting element is attached on the back side of the user's wrist by a dedicated belt so that the convex surface of the translucent member is in intimate contact with the surface of the user's skin. The sensor body is attached on the back side of the user's wrist by another dedicated belt so that it is arranged on the detecting element. A cushion is arranged between the sensor body and the detecting element. The pulse wave sensor can stably detect the pulse wave without being affected by the movement of the user's wrist.

4. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Hear the system is going to proposed a wireless wrist watch contains a heart beat sensor and body temperature. The wrist watch is used to check the pulse rate and body temperature of person. It already stores a maximum pulse rate and body temperature of a person. when the pulse rate and the body temperature rises or decreases the microcontroller device will send a short message indicating a heart beat rate and body temperature degrees with the GPS latitude and longitude values. Now the GPS receiver is connected to the Trimble studio vi.001 software which directly shows the position of the person. By using this system we can save the lifes and decrease the deaths of person who got it. 4.1 Wrist watch Wrist watch is a advanced technology to measure a heart beat rate. It contains a heart beat rate monitor and body temperature. A heart rate monitor is a personal monitoring device which allows one to measure his heart rate in real time or record the heart rate. More advanced models will offer measurements of heart rate variability, activity, and breathing rate to assess parameters relating to a subject's fitness. Sensor fusion algorithms allow these Volume 2, Issue 2 March April 2013

Figure 4 wrist watch It is useful to understand the basics of how the wrist watch sensing technology as it will perform differently on people of different age, skin type, body type, ECG or electro-cardiogram signal strength, among others. The wrist watch technology measures the electronic signals that pass through your body that result from the beating of your heart. Many are familiar with the ECG waveform from either personal experiences while at the hospital, or from popular television medical shows. It is this same signal that passes through your body. This measurement Page 193

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 2, Issue 2, March April 2013 ISSN 2278-6856
is obtained by the Watchs three metal sensors. The back metal plate of the Watch wrist is actually a primary sensor that measures these electronic signals off your arm. The ECG measurement is done when you place your fingers from one hand on the top sensor on the Watch that is attached to your opposite arm. This creates a loop across your body that the Watch can now read. The Heart Rate Watch must be attached to your wrist in order for the heart rate measure function to work. A high performance 8 bit microcontroller is used in this processor and store the real time signals. The wrist watch receiver is connected to the microcontroller by wireless communication system in the real time. were as in the prototype we use heart beat sensor as LDR(Light dependent resistor) and the body temperature as LM35 (Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensors).The wrist watch stores maximum pulse rate and body temperature of a body in case of the pulse rate increase or decrease it transmits the signal to a microcontroller device. The device will receive a pulse rate and body temperature in a analog values. The device contains a ADC(analog to digital converter) so the device will converts analog values in to a digital values. Now the digital values is send to the family members by GSM. [7]D.Malan,T.R.F.Fulford-Jones, M.Welsh,S.Moulton, CodeBlue: an ad-hoc sensor network infrastructure for emergency medical care, in: Proceedings of the Mobi-Sys 2004 Work shop on Applications of Mobile [8] Honda motor co., ltd. "Motorcycle airbags system (Press information September 2005)," unpublished [9] Elite security supplies 'The 3-stage AcuTrac Motorcycle Tracking System," http://www.gpsfast.com. [10] M. Lu, W. chen, X. Shen, H.C. Lam and J. Liu, "Positioning and tracking construction vehicle in highly dense urban areas and building construction sites," Automation in Construction, vol. 16, issue 5.pp.647-656,August 2007. [11] N. Jinaporn, S. Wisadsud, P. Nakonrat, A. Suriya, "Security system against asset theft by using radio frequency identification technology," IEEE Trans. ECTI-CON 2008. [12] Chung-ChengChiu, Min-YuKu, Hung-Tsung, Chen Nat, "Motorcycle Detection and Tracking System with Occlusion Segmentation," Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services. Santorini, vol. 2, pp. 32-32, June 2007. [13] Yao Jin. The discussion of Road Traffic Safety Countermeasures System [J]. Private Science and Technology,2010,(06) [14]WangWei.EmbeddedMicrocontroller MC9S08AW60 Principles and Application [M]. Beijing: Beijing Aerospace University Press, 2008. [15] Zhu Yi, Yang Shubo. MMA series of acceleration sensor principles and application[J]. Medicalequipment,2008,(04). [16]TAYLORRK,SCHROCKMD,BLOOMFIELDJ,D ynamic testing of GPS receivers [J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 2004,47 (4). [17] SIEMENS, TC35i Hardware Interface Description[M].April14,2003. [18] Ma Chao. Embedded GSM message interface hardware and software design [J]. Microcontroller and Embedded Systems, 2003, (7).

5. Conclusions
The scening of an accidental alarm system with heart beat sensor is implemented in this paper. when the accident occurred the system sends short SMS indicating the heart beat rate and temperature of body. It also detect the linear fall or non linear fall indicating the position of vehicle with the GPS latitude and longitude values by GSM to the family members, hospital and EMS. By receiving the SMS who is the nearest to the scene of the accident they can handle a rider in time. The system is very easy to implement and by using this system we can gain more treatment time for the accident injured to save, and to reduced the death percentage of people.

REFERENCES
[1] Cravotta,Robert, 1-GHz Cortex-A8 maintains cycleaccurate operation, EDN, Vol.54, pp. 13, September 2009. [2] Hou, AS;Su, SXP, Design of a capacitive-sensor signal processing system with high accuracy and short conversion time, Sensors and Actuators. A, Physical, Vol.119, pp. 113-119, January 2005. [3] S. Bates ,Case study: advanced RISC machines, the future today, IEE Digest,Vol.1996,pp.4,1996. [4]TC35i cellular engine hardware interface description.SiemensVersion00.03. www.Siemens.com.2003. [5] Siemens cellular engine AT command set. Siemens Version03.10. www.Siemens.com,2003. [6] Zhou Tao,Xie Mei, Design of iris recognition system based on ARM and DSP, IET Digest, Vol.2008, pp. 157-160, March 2008. Volume 2, Issue 2 March April 2013

AUTHOR
P.Koteswara Rao received M.tech degree in VLSI from SRM university Chennai during 2008-2010.At present working as an Asst professor in KLUniversity, ECM department,Vijayawada,A.p,India. SK.MD.Haneef Babu received B.tech in electronics and communication from Kakatiya university during 2007-2011. At present pursing M.tech in Embedded system university ,ECM department, Vijayawada,

in KL A.p,India.

Page 194