Important International boundaries Names .................................................. Durand Line: is the line demarcating the boundaries of India and Afghanistan.

It was drawn up in 1896 by Sir Mortimer Durand. Hindenburg Line: is the boundary dividing Germany and Poland. Mannerheim Line: is the line of fortification on the Russia-Finland border. Drawn up by General Mannerheim. MacMahon Line: was drawn up by Sir. Henry MacMahon, demarcating the frontier of India and China. China did not recognize the MacMahon line and crossed it in 1962. Radcliffe Line: was drawn up by Sir Cyril Radcliffe, demarcating the boundary between India and Pakistan. 38th Parallel: is the parallel of latitude which separates North Korea and South Korea. 49th Parallel: is the boundary between USA and Canada ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION 1. Government by religious principles Theocracy ( ) 2. The right of self government Autonomy( ) 3. Violating or profaning religious things / places Sacrilege () 4. Incapable of being corrected Incorrigible( ) 5. Incapable of being repaired Irreparable( ) 6. Incapable of being read - Illegible() 7. The art of elegant speech or writing Rhetoric( ) 8. A decision which cannot be revoked Irrevocable( ) 9. One who is free from all mistakes and failures Infallible () 10. One who does not take any intoxicating drinks Teetotaler

11. That cannot be erased Indelible() 12. One who has lost parents Orphan() 13. Fit to drink Potable( ) 14. A medicine for producing sleep Narcotic() 15. To cut off a part of a persons body which is infected Amputate( ) Pravasi Bharatiya Divas ================ ** Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (Non-resident Indian Day), is celebrated in India on 9 January each year to mark the contribution of the overseas INDIAN community to the development of India. **The day commemorates the arrival of Mahatama Gandhi from South Africain to Bombay on January 9, 1915. **Established in 2003, it is sponsored by the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs of the government of India and the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and the Ministry of Development of the North Eastern Region of India. * In 2011, Pravasi Bhartiya Divas was held in New Delhi * 11th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas was held in Kochi from 7-9 January, where the IndoCanada Chamber of Commerce (ICCC) is organizing partner of the summit. ** H E Mr. Rajkeswur Purryag , the President of the Republic of Mauritius. He was also the Chief Guest of 11th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas 2013. Mr. Purryags ancestors migrated to Mauritius from Patna, Bihar some 150 years back. Among others who won Pravasi Bharatiya Samman 2013 are: *Professor Gurusharan Singh Chatwal, Germany (Science). *Ashok S. Vaswani, Guinea (community service). *T.S. Ravindra Menon, Malaysia (Community service). *Dr. Rasik V.Joshi, Mexico (Literature). *Dr. Satendra K. Singh, New Zealand (Community service). *Gilbert. C. Moutien, Reunion Island (Business). *Mohammed R. Karuvanthodi, Saudi Arabia (Business). *Ismail E. Ebrahim, South Africa (Business). *Dr. N.R.Kumar, US (Health care). *Subhash Razdan, US, (Public service).

One Word Substitution 1. Murder of a human being-Homicide 2. Murder of a father-Patricide 3. Murder of a mother-Matricide 4. Murder of an brother-Fratricide 5. Murder of an infant-Infanticide 6. Murder of self-Suicide 7. Murder of the king-Regicide 100th Science Congress ================== Inaugurated by President of India, Shri Pranab Mukherjee at University of Calcutta the presiding Prime Minister of the Country is the General President for the Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA). co-host : Bose Institute and University of Calcutta five-day Science Congress The historical importance of 100th Science Congress is in more than one way. Whereas the themes for all the sessions up the period of 2003 since the first session in 1914 could be grouped under Shaping of the Indian Science, the focal theme selected for the centenary session is Science for shaping the future of India. Background: Indian Science Congress was first convened in the Asiatic Society in 1914 and Sir Asutosh Mukerjee delivered the first presidential lecture. Since then the Indian Science Congress has emerged as the Parliament of Indian Science. Since the presidential address of Sir Asutosh Mukherjee, 99 annual sessions have been conducted and the year 2012-13 is being observed as the centenary year of the Indian Science Congress. In the year 1946-47, Pandit JawaharLal Nehru was elected as the General President and he delivered the historic address calling for friendship of people with science in January 1947. Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA) unanimously resolved to elect Dr Manmohan Singh, the Prime Minister of India, as the General President for the centenary year 2012-13. He has kindly accepted the General Presidency. Under the Presidency of Dr Manmohan Singh, the Prime Minister of India, the year 2012-13 is being observed as the Year of Science Nuclear Materials Security Index ======================= *India almost brings out the rear - just above Iran, Pakistan and North Korea. **The index, compiled by a US nuclear think-tank Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) and Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), ** "is the first Nuclear Materials Security Index, a rating and ranking of the security framework in 32 nations that possess one kilogram or more of weapons-usable nuclear materials." **Australia and the UK have the highest scores in the index. Anil Kakodkar, former chairman of DAE, said, "Nuclear security , by definition, is confidential. How do they expect to assess us on what they don't obviously know?"