THE PIECES FRAMEWORK P PERFORMANCE Throughput Response Time INFORMATION (AND DATA) Outputs o Lack of any information o Lack

Lack of necessary information o Lack of relevant information o Too much information information overload o Information that is not in a useful format o Information that is not accurate o Information that is difficult to produce o Information that is not timely to its subsequent use Inputs o Data is not captured o Data is not captured in time to be useful o Data is not accurately captured contains errors o Data is difficult to capture o Data is captured redundantly same data is captured more than once o Too much data is captured o Illegal data is captured Stored Data o Data is stored redundantly in multiple files and/or databases o Stored data is not accurate o Data is not secure from accident or vandalism o Data is not well organized o Data is not flexible not easy to meet new information needs from stored data o Data is not accessible E ECONOMICS Costs o Costs are unknown o Costs are untraceable o Costs are too high Profits o New markets can be explored o Current marketing can be improved C CONTROL (AND SECURITY)

 Too little security or control o Input data is not adequately edited o Crimes (e.g. fraud, embezzlement) are (or can be) committed against the data o Ethics are breached on data or information refers to data or information getting to unauthorized people o Redundantly stored data is inconsistent in different files or databases o Data privacy regulations or guidelines are being (or can be (violated) o Processing errors are occurring (either by people, machines or software) o Decision making error are occurring Too much control or security o Bureaucratic red tape slows the system o Controls inconvenience to customers or employees o Excessive controls cause processing delays E EFFICIENCY People, machine or computers waste time o Data is redundantly input or copied o Data is redundantly processed o Information is redundantly generated People, machines or computers waste materials and supplies o Effort required for tasks is excessive o Materials required for tasks is excessive S SERVICE The system produces inaccurate results The system produces inconsistent results The system produces unreliable results The system is not easy to learn The system is not easy to use The system is awkward to use The system is inflexible to new or exceptional situations The system is inflexible to change The system is incompatible with other systems The system is not coordinated with other systems