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Algebra II | Packer Collegiate Institute | 2008-2009


Function Transformations II: More Translations

We’ve learned that:

1. If we have g ( x)  f ( x )  b (and b is a positive number), the graph of g ( x) is simply


the graph of f ( x) shifted up b units. [Similarly, if we have g ( x)  f ( x )  b , the graph
is shifted down b units.]

Example UP: g ( x)  x 2  5 is simply the graph of f ( x)  x 2 shifted up 5 units.


Example DOWN: g ( x)  x 3  3 is simply the graph of f ( x)  x 3 shifted down 3 units.

2. if we have g ( x)  f ( x  a ) (and a is a positive number), the graph of g ( x) is simply


the graph of f ( x) shifted to the right a units. [Similarly, if we have g ( x)  f ( x  a) ,
the graph is shifted to the left a units.

Example: g ( x)  ( x  4) 2 is simply the graph of f ( x)  x 2 shifted to the right 4 units.


Notice that g ( x)  f ( x  4)  ( x  4) 2
Example: g ( x)  ( x  6)3 is simply the graph of f ( x)  x 3 shifted to left 6 units.
Notice that g ( x)  f ( x  6)  ( x  6)3

UP DOWN

RIGHT LEFT

1
The graph of b( x) is below. Graph the translated functions.

b( x ) c( x)  b( x  2)  3
Transformations:
y y

7.0 7.0

6.0 6.0

5.0 5.0

4.0 4.0

3.0 3.0

2.0 2.0

1.0 1.0
x x
−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 −8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0 −1.0

−2.0 −2.0

−3.0 −3.0

−4.0 −4.0

−5.0 −5.0

−6.0 −6.0

−7.0 −7.0

−8.0 −8.0

d ( x)  b( x  1)  3 e( x )  b( x  2)  4
Transformations: Transformations:
y y

7.0 7.0

6.0 6.0

5.0 5.0

4.0 4.0

3.0 3.0

2.0 2.0

1.0 1.0
x x
−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 −8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0 −1.0

−2.0 −2.0

−3.0 −3.0

−4.0 −4.0

−5.0 −5.0

−6.0 −6.0

−7.0 −7.0

−8.0 −8.0

NOW WE’RE GOING TO LEARN THE EIGHT


STANDARD FUNCTIONS
yx y  x 2 y  x3 y  x
1
y3 x y y  x y   x 
x

2
8.0 y
yx
7.0

6.0
x y
5.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0
x

−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0

−2.0

−3.0

−4.0
KEY POINTS:
−5.0

−6.0

−7.0

−8.0

y
y  x2
8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0
x y
4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0
x

−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0

−2.0

−3.0

−4.0

−5.0
KEY POINTS:
−6.0

−7.0

−8.0

y
y  x3
8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0
x y
4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0
x

−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0

−2.0

−3.0

−4.0

−5.0
KEY POINTS:
−6.0

−7.0

−8.0

3
y
y x
8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0
x y
4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0
x

−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0

−2.0

−3.0

−4.0

−5.0
KEY POINTS:
−6.0

−7.0

−8.0

y
y3x
8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0
x y
4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0
x

−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0

−2.0

−3.0

−4.0

−5.0
KEY POINTS:
−6.0

−7.0

−8.0

1
8.0 y

7.0 y
6.0
x
5.0

4.0
x y
3.0

2.0

1.0
x

−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0

−2.0

−3.0

−4.0

−5.0

−6.0
KEY POINTS:
−7.0

−8.0

4
y
y x
8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0
x y
4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0
x

−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0

−2.0

−3.0

−4.0

−5.0
KEY POINTS:
−6.0

−7.0

−8.0

y
y   x 
8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0
x y
4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0
x

−8.0 −7.0 −6.0 −5.0 −4.0 −3.0 −2.0 −1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

−1.0

−2.0

−3.0

−4.0

−5.0
KEY POINTS:
−6.0

−7.0

−8.0

BY MONDAY, YOU NEED TO KNOW HOW TO GRAPH THESE 8 STANDARD FUNCTIONS


WITHOUT A CALCULATOR.

PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE!

(Eventually, we’ll be able to plot tons of transformations of these functions.)

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