ELEX 143

- Lab Exercise 1

CAMOSUN COLLEGE Electronics & Computer Eng. Dept. ELEX 143 - LAB 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE OSCILLOSCOPE Objectives:
To become familiar with the operation of a bench oscilloscope and function generator. To become familiar with MULTISIM simulation software.

Discussion:
This lab contains a few exercises to familiarize the student with the function generator and HP54645A oscilloscopes various controls, menus and other functions. The function generator and DSO (Digital Storage Oscilloscope) will be used extensively during future labs. Refer to the HP equipments operator manual when in doubt.

Procedure: Set the Function Generator Output

1. Set the output to high impedance. Shift-Menu Sys Menu Out Term Enter. This should be done for every lab unless 50ohm output is specifically required. 2. Adjust the function generator to output 1kHz, 1Vrms sine wave output

Display a single waveform

1. Power up the oscilloscope. 2. Connect a probe from channel 1 to the calibration tab. 3. Press the 1 button to turn on channel one of the display. 4. Set the coupling to DC. 5. Turn off channel 2. 6. Set the trigger source to channel 1 and the mode to Auto level. 7. Adjust the Time/Div and Volts /Div to display a stable waveform showing one or two complete cycles. 8. Adjust the probe compensation to obtain a square wave without overshoot.

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9. Calculate the amplitude and period of the waveform by counting the number of divisions on the graticule. 10. Turn on the cursors and using the time and voltage buttons confirm your calculations. Make note of these observations below. VPP = T= f= Duty Cycle =

AC and DC coupling
1. Connect the scope probe to the function generator using a BNC to crock clip cable or use a direct BNC to BNC connection. 2. Capture the waveform on the oscilloscope. You will need to adjust the Time/Div and the Volts/Div. 3. Add a 2V DC offset to the function generator and sketch the waveform using DC coupling and then AC coupling.

4. Explain in your own words the difference between AC coupling and DC coupling and its effect on the displayed waveform.

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Triggering
1. Connect the function generators output to channel 1 and set it to 5Vpp 1kHz sinewave 2. Switch the trigger source between channel 1 and channel 2. What do you observe? 3. Set the trigger mode to normal. Adjust the trigger level control. What do you observe? 4. Return the oscilloscope trigger control to auto-level. 5. What do you conclude is the function of triggering on the oscilloscope?

Screen Capture
6. Follow the instructions posted in the lab to obtain a screen capture of the displayed waveform. You will need this function to gather screen captures for future lab reports.

Probe Setting
7. Use the measure function to display the peak-to-peak voltage of the function generator waveform. 8. Adjust the probe setting control under the channel menu and observe the effect on the voltage displayed on the scope. What do you conclude about effect of the oscilloscope probe setting on the waveform amplitude measured?

9. Adjust the probe x10 switch and observe the effect of the waveform. What do you conclude about effect of the probe switch setting on the waveform amplitude measured?

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Testing a simple RC circuit

1. Connect the following circuit on a breadboard. Measure and record the actual values of R1 and C1 using the LCR bridge instrument.
R1 From Function Generator 1K Vin C1 0.1uF Vout To Oscilloscope

2. 3.

Connect channel 1 of the DSO to Vin and channel 2 to Vout. Adjust the function generator as follows: Function: Sine Frequency: 10 Hz ( May be hard to trigger on, try 1 kHz and turn down slowly ) Amplitude: 1 Vpp ( Maintain this Vin for each frequency change in step 4 ) Offset: 0V Changing only the frequency, measure Vout pp at: 10 Hz, 100 Hz, 500 Hz, 1kHz, 5kHz, and 10 kHz. Plot your results below. Also make special note of the frequencies when Vout pp equals 0.707 V and 0.50 V.

4.

1.2 Vout pp (Volts) 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1

5.

10

100 500 1K Frequency (Hz)

5K 10K

Based on your data and graph determine the frequency when the output voltage is equal to 0.707 volts. Is this point significant?

Simulating a simple RC circuit Using MULTISIM simulation software.

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(This section may be completed as homework if there is insufficient lab time). If you are not already familiar with the MULTISIM software there are several tutorial files on the course ftp site. The software can also be downloaded free for home use from: http://www.analog.com/en/content/CU_multisim_SPICE_program_download/fca.html Open the MULTISIM software program and create the file shown below: 1. Adjust the Time/div and Volts/div controls on the simulated oscilloscope and observe the effect on the displayed waveform. Set the controls so that a few cycles of each waveform are displayed on the screen. 2. Observe the waveforms produced for different settings of the potentiometer. The potentiometer can be adjusted as the simulation is running with the key shown or using the slider.

3. Now modify the circuit as shown below by connecting a bode-plotter instrument and set the potentiometer to 50% so that the circuit is the same as the one constructed:

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4. Adjust the settings on the Bode plotter as shown below:

5. Verify that the simulated Bode plot matches the plot obtained with the real components. 6. Now adjust the potentiometer to 25% and 75% and restart the simulation. What effect do you notice on the Bode plot.

Lab Report:
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A. Explain the function of the following oscilloscope controls in your own words: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Volts/div Time/div AC/DC coupling Triggering Probe setting/probe switch

B. Hand in the two simulated schematics that you produced plus screen captures of the oscilloscope and Bode plot data.

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