Calculul termic

Thermal calculus of a Compression I gnition Engine

Initial data
Nominal power P
n
= 80 kW
RPM n
n
= 5500 rpm
Number of cylinders i= 4
Engine type mac
Number of times tau= 4
1.2 Initial parameters
Initial temperature T
0
= 293 K
Initial pressure p
0
= 1.02E+05 Pa
Residual gas temperature T
r
= 1100 K
Residual gas pressure p
r
= 1.57E+05 Pa
Excess air coefficient = 1.35
Compression ratio = 17.2
Combustion chamber volume Vc= 0.025 l
Total cylinder volume Va= 0.438 l
Parameters of gas exchange process:
Supercharging pressure P
s= 150000
Pressure at the end of the intake stroke p
a
= 1.68E+05 Pa
Mixture preheating T = 20 K
Afterfilling coefficient
p
= 1.1
Universal gas constant R
m
= 8.314 kJ/kmol*K
Adiabatic exponent of compression in the turbochargern= 1.4
Temperature after turbocharger
327 K
34.131388
Residual gas coefficient
0.015
Temperature at the end of intake stroke
358.10 K
Filling coefficient
0.942
=

+
=

A +
=
5 5
5
0
10 07 , 1 1 , 1 10 7 . 1 2 , 17
10 07 , 1
1100
20 339
r p a
r
r
r
p p
p
T
T T
v c

=
+
+ +
=
+
+ A +
=
041 , 0 1
1100 0,015 20 339
1
r
r r S
a
T T T
T

=
+

=
+

=
041 . 0 1
1 . 1
1 3 , 9
3 , 9
47 , 363 10 02 , 1
293 10 07 , 1
1 1
5
5
0
0
r
p
a
r
V
T p
T p

u
c
c
q
= =

n
n
s
s
p
P
T T
1
0
0
) (
Calculul termic
Parameters of compression process:
Polytropic compression coefficientn
1
= 1.39
Pressure at the end of compression stroke
######## Pa
Temperature at the end of compression stroke
1086 K
Parameters of combustion process:
It is adopted:
C= 0.857 Kg
H= 0.133 Kg
O= 0.010 Kg
Qi= 41868 KJ/Kg
Heat usage coefficient = 0.900
Pressure rise coefficient = 1.500
Rounding chart coefficient fiz= 0.900
a= 0.0045634
b= 37.432765
c= -111141.57
Minimum air for fuel combustion :
0.497 kmol/kg
Real air for fuel combustion:
0.671 kmol/kg
The theoretic molar variation factor of the fresh charge for >1 :
1.050
The real molar variation factor of the fresh charge :
1.049
The medium specific molar heat of the initial mixture :
38.898 kJ/kmol*K
= =
1 1 n
a c
T T c
= |
.
|

\
|
+ = |
.
|

\
|
+ =
32
004 , 0
4
142 , 0
12
854 , 0
21 , 0
1
32 4 12 21 , 0
1
min
o h c
L
=
+ +
=
+ +
=
671 , 0
32
010 , 0
4
133 , 0
621 , 0
32 4
0
L
o h
L

=
+
+
=
+
+
=
041 , 0 1
041 , 0 047 , 1
1
0
r
r
f

= + = + = '

759 10 4 , 17 20 10 4 , 17 20
3 3
c m
T C
v
= =
min
* L L
= =

s
s
n
n
s
s
T
T
P P
1
0
0
) (
Calculul termic
The medium specific molar heat of the combustion gas for >1 :
C
,,
mv
=
32.771 kJ/kmol*K
Temperature at the end of combustion process :
2315 K
0.0045634
37.432765 Qsi= 44003 kJ/kg
TC= 2315 K
-111141.6 pC= 1.31E+07 Pa
pC1= 1.18E+07 Pa
PI= 1.50
Pressure at the end of combustion process:
13145741 N/m
2
Subject to rounding diagram:
11831167 N/m
2
Pressure correction coefficient :
z = 0.9
The degree of increase in pressure:
1.500
Parameters of the expansion process
It is adopted: n
2
= 1.23
Pressure at the end of expansion
The relaxation advance:
1.491
The relaxation is
11.532901
3.97E+05 Pa
K kmol
kJ
T C
z m

+ + + = ' '
4
10 ) 5 . 15
2 . 13
( )
2 . 9
20 (

v
z f m m c m
r
ai
T R C T R C
L
Q
+ ' ' = + +
+
t


v v
) ( ) (
) 1 )( (
min
=

=
a
c a b
T
z
2
4
2
= + = ) 36 . 27 (
m
R f b
= = =
759
49 , 3117
045 , 1 10 89 , 16
5
c
z
f c z
T
T
p p
= = u = '
5
10 53 , 72 85 , 0
z z z
p p
=

= =
5
5
10 16,89
10 72,53
c
z
p
p
t
=

= =
23 . 1
5
17
10 53 , 72
2
n
z
b
p
p
c
z c
T T + = + +
+

153 . 1 ) 314 . 8 333 . 31 ( ) 5 . 1 314 . 8 795 . 37 (

) 021 . 0 1 ( ) 497 . 0 * 35 . 1 (
41868 9 . 0
c m v
r
T R C
L
Qi
c ) (
) 1 (
,
min
t

+ +
+
=
= = =
c
z
f
c
z
T
T
V
V
t

= = =

c
o
z
b
V
V
4
10 54 . 26

=
f
a
Calculul termic
Temperature at the end of expansion:
1203.57 K
Main parameters of the engine:
It is adopted:
Diagram rounding factor

r
=
0.81
Mechanical efficiency

m
=
0.8
The mean pressure of the theoretic cycle:
1.63E+06 Pa
Mean indicated pressure
1.32E+06 Pa
Indicated efficiency of the engine:
0.537
Mean indicated pressure:
1.06E+06 Pa
Effective efficiency:
0.419
Specific effective fuel consumption:
205 g/kWh
Mechanical efficiency
m= 0.8
= = =
1 23 . 1 1
17
2280
2
n
z
b
T
T
c
= = =
6
10 22 , 1 96 , 0
ip r i
p p
=


=


=
43500 814 , 0 10 02 , 1
293 526 , 0 10 17 , 1
314 , 8
5
6
0
0
i
p i
M i
Q p
T M p
R
v
q
q
= = = 415 , 0 85 , 0
i m e
q q q
=

=
43500 445 , 0
3600 3600
i e
e
Q
g
q
=
(

=

)
1
1 (
1
1
)
1
1 (
1
) 1 (
1
1
1
1
2
,
1 2
n n
b
i
n n
P
p
c o
t
t
c
= = =
6
10 46 . 1 85 . 0
i m e
p p q
Calculul termic
Fundamental dimensions of the engine:
It is adopted j= 1.15
Necessary piston dissplacement:
0.413 l
Bore:
77 mm
Stroke:
89 mm
Mean velocity of the piston:
16.24 m/s
Total dissplacement:
1.651
Power per liter:
48.46 kW/l
=


=


=
6 2400 10 03 . 1
10 250 120000 120000
6
3
i n p
P
V
e
n
h
=

= 3 3
15 , 1 14 , 3
140 . 2 4 4
t
h
V
D
= = = 82 , 64 385 , 1 D S
=

=
30
5400 089 , 0
30
n S
W
m
= = = 296141 , 0 4
h t
V i V
= = =
091 . 12
250
t
n
l
V
P
P