COAL WATER MIXTURE

BOILER RETROFIT TECHNOLOGY FOR COAL WATER MIXTURE

CONTENT EMISSION STANDARD FUEL : COAL WATER MIXTURE TYPE OF BOILER RETROFIT OF BOILER AIR EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM CONCLUSION

EMISSION STANDARD

The Air Emission Standard from Distribution Facilities

Type of Fuel No. 1 2 3 4 Pollutants Unit Coal 320 700 400 690 Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) 240 950 200 690 Natural Gas Biomass 320 60 200 690 Other 320 60 200 690

Total Suspended Particulate mg/N.m Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) ppm Oxides of Nitrogen: NOX (as No2) ppm Carbon Monoxide (CO) ppm

Remark:

1. Reference Condition at 1 Atm or 760 mm.Hg at 25C (Dry Basis) with Excess Air at 50% or Excess Oxygen 7% 2. Reference under notification of the Minister of Industry 3. Reference the air emission standards from distribution facilities on February 4, B.E. 2548 (2005)

The Air Emission Standard from Electricity Generation Transmission New Power Plant After January 31, B.E. 2539 (1996)
No. Pollutants Unit Coal 640 450 320 350 120 Type of Fuel Oil Natural Gas 640 450 320 180 120 20 20 20 120 60 Biomass 60 60 60 200 120

1 Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) ppm Power Plant Size < 300 MWe 300-500 MWe > 500 MWe 2 Oxides of Nitrogen: NOX (as No2) ppm 3 Particulates mg/N.m
Remark:

1. Reference Condition at 1 Atm or 760 mm.Hg at 25C (Dry Basis) with Excess Air at 50% or Excess Oxygen 7% 2. Reference under notification of the Minister of Industry 3. Reference the air emission standards from electricity generation transmission or distribution facilities on September 28, B.E 2547 (2004)

INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT STANDARD

Parameters pH Conductivity Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Suspended Solids (SS) Total Kjedahl Nitrogen (TKN)
Source : Department of Industrial Work, MOI

Units Standard Values 5.5-9.0 < 2,000 m/cm mg/l < 1,300 mg/l < 20 mg/l < 120 mg/l < 50 mg/l < 100

NOISE STANDARD IN WORK PLACE

Noise Level: dBA 104 91 90 80 Exposure Time: hours per day Remark Not allow Less than 7 7-8 Earplugs are need More than 8 incase of necessary Distance 1.5m from center of Machine
Source : Ministry of Interior

FUEL : COAL WATER MIXTURE

COAL WATER MIXTURE (CWM)

CWM FOR INDUSTRY

ULTRA CLEAN MICRONIZED COAL SLURRY

CWM TECHNOLOGY
Technical Reliability CWM, a new and clean fuel, good fluidity and stability. It can be used an alternative fuel in steam boilers for industrial boilers, such as traveling grate boiler to increase combustion efficiency.

CWM TECHNOLOGY
Specification of Coal Total Moisture Inherent Moisture Ash Volatile Matter Fixed Carbon Gross Calorific Value Total Sulfur Hardgrove Grindability Index Ash Fusion Temperature Deformation Hemispherical Flow 10 2~3 5 39.9 44.1 6,400 0.7 46 1,235 1,305 1,360 %

kcal/kg

C C C

CWM Characteristics Concentration Particle Size Distribution Average Particle Diameter < 75 m < 150 m Viscosity Ash Low Calorific Value

65 1 45~50 250~300 > 75 > 93 1,000 100 4 ~ 4,600

% m m % % mPa.s % kcal/kg

TYPE OF BOILER - FIRE TUBE BOILER - WATER TUBE BOILER

Source : SKG-CONDORKESSEL

Economic Boiler (two-pass, dry back)

Source : Spirax Sarco

Fire Tube Boiler (three-pass, wet back)

Source : Spirax Sarco

Thimble or Reverse Flame Boiler

Source : Spirax Sarco

Water Tube Boiler

Source : Spirax Sarco

Water Tube Boiler

RETROFIT OF BOILER - PARTIAL RETROFIT - FULL RETROFIT

CWM Boiler and Accessories

Source : DHMM Co.,Ltd.

CWM Burner: 11.5 tph

Source : Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.

Four Stages for Combustion Process

1 2 3 4 Heat Evaporates Water Volatile Matter liberates Ignites Burns: Fixed Carbon blazes and Coke burns out

PARTIAL RETROFIT
Proposed Retrofit General layout still intact: Heating Surface Area almost same, varies a little Arrangement of Burners: at the original Oil Burners, Capacity of Burners, Heating Surface Area and Force Draught Blast Distribution: complete Combustion, primary & secondary Force Draught Fan Steam Generation: effective Utilizing and Operation After Retrofit: Tear and Wear at Heating Surface Area must be carefully thought over, especially at the Corners, Headers in hot Gas and also wear plate must be improved

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

CWM Preparation: Storage Tank & CWM supply System CWM Burners & Accessories Hearth Cool Ash Bucket, deslaging & dedusting Equipment Precipitator: ESP, Bag Filter, etc. Induced Draught Fan ( IDF ) Electricity & Control System Structure & auxiliary Facilities

No. 1 Main Equipment

Parameter

Remark Load Screw Pump, Unload Screw Pumps, Pull-out Screw Pump, Supply Screw Pumps, Magnetic Flowmeter, CWM Burners, Mechanical Soot Blower, Air Compressor, Dedusting & Deslaging System, Precipitator, IDF Unload Slot Tank, Storage Tank, Stirring Buckets, Slurry Filters, Steel Frame, Platform, Staircase, Exterior Cover Sheet

2 3 4 5

Local Fabrication & Erection Work Material & Labour Cost to Modify Combustion Chamber of Boiler Electricity & Control System Civil & Construction Work

by other

FULL RETROFIT
Proposed Retrofit CWM Preparation: Storage Tank & CWM supply System Arrangement of CWM Burners & Accessories Combustion Chamber Modification: Furnace Volume ( Height or Width ), Convection Surface Area, Analyze Structure of original of Boiler Hearth Cool Ash Bucket, deslaging & dedusting Equipment Precipitator : ESP, Bag Filter, etc. Induced Draught Fan ( IDF ) Electricity & Control System Structure & auxiliary Facilities

NEW CWM BOILER

No. Parameter 1 CWM Unloading, Storage & Supply System 2 CWM Boiler & Combustion System Remark Unload Slot Tank, Storage Tank, Load Screw Pump, Unload Screw Pumps, Pull-out Screw Pump, Stirring Buckets, Supply Screw Pumps, Slurry Filters, Magnetic Flowmeter, etc. Steam Header, Water Cool Plate, Economizer, Steel Frame, Platform, Staircase, Exterior Cover Sheet, Air Preheater, Superheater, Proper Pipeline, CWM Burners, Secondary Blast Gate & Metal Elements of Chamber Wall, Primary Valve Instrument, etc. FDF & IDF Ash Removal System ( Bottom & Fly Ash)

Blower & Induced Draught Fan System Dedusting & Deslaging System, Precipitator Flue Gas, Ducting System & Insulation Monitoring & Control System Stack Water Treatment Plant Softener, RO, Demineralization, etc. Deaerator & Feed Water Tank, Feed Water Pumps & Control Valves 10 Electricity System 11 Civil Work by other

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

AIR EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR

Electrode System-Principle sketch

Source : Flakt

The electric field in the dust layer

Back-corona in the dust layer

Collecting electrode-principle sketch

Rapping acceleration distribution on the collectin g electrodes

Bag Filter

Source : EEC

HIGH EFFICIENCY BACKWASH PULSE-JET DUST COLLECTOR

Source : EEC

CONCLUSION

Boiler Retrofit concerned with the regulation as follow: Environmental Regulation:SO2,NO2,CO,Particulate,etc. The air emission standard from distribution facilities utilizing coal shall be considered this notification. Ambient Air Standard (1995) Pollution Control Department (PCD) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

The air emission standard from distribution facilities on February 4, B.E. 2548 (2005 ) The air emission standard from electricity generation transmission or distribution facilities on September 28, B.E. 2547 ( 2004 ) Department of Industrial Work Ministry of Industry Safety Repair and Modification Hydrostatic Test Safety Technology Bureau Ministry of Industry

COST COMPARISON OF RETROFIT AND NEW BOILER

Parameter A B C Retrofit of Boiler Partial Retrofit Full Retrofit New Boiler Cost of Retrofit Low > 3 time of A 2 - 2.6 time of A Cost Remark Steam Generate drop 20% approximately Equivalent with existing HFO Boiler