CHAPTER VI

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM AND MATERIAL BALANCE

This chapter briefly presents the flow diagrams, quantitative, and

qualitative process flows, as well as the summaries of the material balances.
Refer to the appendices for the diagram.

Pretreatment

Slug Catching
Condensate Stabilization
Gas Treatment

Dehydration

NGLs
Processing

Absorption
Fractionation
Nitrogen Rejection
Condensation
Compression and
Liquefaction Expansion
Refrigeration

Figure 6.1
Process Flow Diagram

MATERIAL BALANCE
The application of mass conservation to the analysis of physical system is
involved in a material balance. Accordingly, total mass of all materials entering
any process must be equal to the mass of all materials accumulated in the
process. More often, accumulation of materials is negligible, so, the process will
become a steady state where input equals the output.
The LNG plant is capable to produce 0.5 MTPA of liquefied natural gas. A
feed of 300, 000 kmol per hour of natural gas is assumed to meet this need. The
feed is at 80 bara and 20 C which undergo different treatment process to
minimize the amount of H2S and CO2 in the product. MDEA and TEG will be
used in this treatment.
In liquefaction process, the natural gas should be cooled below -160 C (256 F) at atmospheric pressure. LNG is stored as a boiling cryogenic liquid at
relatively low pressure; the gases that boil off are vented and collected insuring
that the liquid temperature remains constant.

Table 6.1
Summary of Material Balance
EQUIPMENT
Slug Catcher

Condensate Stabilizer

Amine Absorber

FEED
300000 kmol/hr natural
gas
82.62% CH4
4.84% C2H6
1.78% C3H8
0.39% i-C4H10
0.67% n-C4H10
0.29% i-C5H12
0.27% n-C5H12
0.34% n-C6H14
0.96% H2S
1.42% H2O
2.45% CO2
3.97% N2

98340 kmol/hr
75% CH4
5.91% C2H6
0.54% C3H8
4.33% H2O
1.49% CO2
12.11% N2

296166 kmol/hr sour gas

83.69% CH4
4.90% C2H6
1.80% C3H8
0.40% i-C4H10
0.68% n-C4H10
0.29% i-C5H12
0.27% n-C5H12
0.34% n-C6H14
0.97% H2S

PRODUCT
201660 kmol/hr (to amine
absorber)
86.04% CH4
4.32% C2H6
2.38% C3H8
0.58% i-C4H10
1% n-C4H10
0.43% i-C5H12
0.40% n-C5H12
0.51% n-C6H14
1.42% H2S
2.92% CO2
98340 kmol/hr (to
condensate stabilizer)
75% CH4
5.91% C2H6
0.54% C3H8
4.33% H2O
1.49% CO2
12.11% N2
94506 kmol/hr (to amine
absorber)
78.68% CH4
6.15% C2H6
0.57% C3H8
0.45% H2O
1.56% CO2
12.60% N2
3834 kmol/hr of H2O
removed
285410 kmol/hr sweet
gas
86.93% CH4
5 % C2H6
1.12% C3H8
0.3% i-C4H10
0.56% n-C4H10
0.3% i-C5H12
0.25% n-C5H12
0.34% n-C6H14

0.14% H2O
2.48% CO2
4.02% N2

TEG Dehydrator

Amine loading: 801556

kmol/hr MEA solution
4.95% MEA
95.05% H2O
285410 kmol/hr sweet
gas
86.93% CH4
5 % C2H6
1.12% C3H8
0.3% i-C4H10
0.56% n-C4H10
0.3% i-C5H12
0.25% n-C5H12
0.34% n-C6H14
0.2% H2O
5% N2

0.2% H2O
5% N2
10756 kmol/hr offgas
26.71% H2S
68.29% CO2
5% CH4
284839 kmol/hr
dehydrated gas
87.10% CH4
5.01% C2H6
1.12% C3H8
0.3% i-C4H10
0.56% n-C4H10
0.3% i-C5H12
0.25% n-C5H12
0.34% n-C6H14
5.02% N2
571 kmol/hr of H2O
removed

Fractionator
De-methanizer

De-ethanizer

284839 kmol/hr
87.10% CH4
5.01% C2H6
1.12% C3H8
0.3% i-C4H10
0.56% n-C4H10
0.3% i-C5H12
0.25% n-C5H12
0.34% n-C6H14
5.02% N2

9780kmol/hr
5.54% CH4
10.83% C2H6
32.62% C3H8
8.74% i-C4H10
16.31% n-C4H10

275059kmol/hr (N2
rejection column)
90% CH4
4.80% C2H6
5.20% N2
9780kmol/hr (to deethanizer)
5.54% CH4
10.83% C2H6
32.62% C3H8
8.74% i-C4H10
16.31% n-C4H10
8.74% i-C5H12
7.28% n-C5H12
9.9% n-C6H14
0.04% N2
1546 kmol/hr (to storage)
35.06% CH4
58.21% C2H6
6.47% C3H8
0.26% N2

8.74% i-C5H12
7.28% n-C5H12
9.9% n-C6H14
0.04% N2

De-propanizer

De-butanizer

N2 Rejection Column

8234 kmol/hr
1.93% C2H6
37.53% C3H8
10.38% i-C4H10
19.37% n-C4H10
10.38% i-C5H12
8.65% n-C5H12
11.76% n-C6H14

4989 kmol/hr
3.09% C3H8
16.13% i-C4H10
29.97% n-C4H10
17.13% i-C5H12
14.28% n-C5H12
19.41% n-C6H14

275059kmol/hr
90% CH4
4.80% C2H6
5.20% N2

Liquefaction Unit

260756 kmol/hr
94.94% CH4
5.06% C2H6

Storage

260756 kmol/hr
94.94% CH4

8234 kmol/hr (to depropanizer)

1.93% C2H6
37.53% C3H8
10.38% i-C4H10
19.37% n-C4H10
10.38% i-C5H12
8.65% n-C5H12
11.76% n-C6H14
3245 kmol/hr (to storage)
4.90% C2H6
90.48% C3H8
1.54% i-C4H10
3.08% n-C4H10
4989 kmol/hr (to debutanizer)
3.09% C3H8
16.13% i-C4H10
29.97% n-C4H10
17.13% i-C5H12
14.28% n-C5H12
19.41% n-C6H14
2454 kmol/hr (to storage)
6.28% C3H8
32.80% i-C4H10
60.92% n-C4H10
2535 kmol/hr ( to
storage)
33.73% i-C5H12
28.09% n-C5H12
38.18% n-C6H14
260756 kmol/hr (to
liquefaction unit)
94.94% CH4
5.06% C2H6
14303 kmol/hr N2 to
disposal
260756 kmol/hr (to
stotage)
94.94% CH4
5.06% C2H6
260756 kmol/hr
94.94% CH4

5.06% C2H6

5.06% C2H6