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QUESTIONSHEET 1
FORMULAE AND MOLECULAR EQUATIONS
a) Al2(SO4)3 gives an electrically neutral arrangement of ions / AlSO4 does not give electrical neutrality (1)
Two Al3+ ions give six positive charges (1)
Three SO42- ions give six negative charges (1)
b) (i)
CuSO4 (1)
NaOH (1)
Cu(OH)2 (1)
Na2SO4 (1)
Equation I
Fault
Correct equation
Equation II
Fault
Correct equation
AS Level
QUESTIONSHEET 2
IONIC EQUATIONS
a) (i)
Ions which play no part in a reaction / appear on both sides of the equation (1)
II
AS Level
QUESTIONSHEET 3
MOLES
a) An amount of any substance (1)
that contains as many particles (atoms, molecules, ions, electrons) (1)
as there are atoms in exactly 12.000 g of the isotope carbon-12 (1)
b) (i)
Ar (Mg) = 24
n (Mg) = 0.48/24 = 0.02 mol (1)
e) Mr =
(1)
f) n (Cu2+) = 0.35 ()
n = (SO42-) = 0.35 ()
n (H2O) = 5 0.35 = 1.75 ()
total number of particles = 2.45 mol ()
AS Level
QUESTIONSHEET 4
EMPIRICAL FORMULAE
a) An empirical formula represents the simplest ratio (1)
of atoms of each element present in a compound (1)
b)
Na
S
% by mass 29.1
40.5
Ar
29.1/23 = 1.27
40.5/32 =1.27
1.27
1
1
2
2
2
empirical formula = Na2S2O3 (1)
O
30.4
30.4/16 = 1.90
1.5
3
(1)
(1)
Br = 52.98/80
= 0.662 (1)
:
1 (1)
AS Level
QUESTIONSHEET 5
MOLECULAR FORMULAE
a) (i) A molecular formula represents the actual numbers of atoms (1)
of each element present in one molecule of a substance (1)
(ii) The relative molecular mass / molar mass (1)
(iii)
Ag = 71.05
71.05/108
= 0.658
1.00
C = 7.89
7.89/12
= 0.658
1.00
O = 21.06
21.06/16 (1)
= 1.316
2.00
AS Level
QUESTIONSHEET 6
USES OF FORMULAE
a) 125 g toothpaste contains 12.5 g SrCl2 . 6H2O (1)
Mr (SrCl2. 6H2O) = 267 (1)
n (SrCl2 . 6H2O) = 12.5/267 = 0.0468 mol (1)
This contains 0.0468 mol Sr.
mass of Sr = 0.0468 88 = 4.12 g (1)
b) 1 mol Pb is provided by 1 mol Pb(C2H5)4 (1)
i.e. 207 g Pb is provided by 323 g Pb(C2H5)4 (1)
0.1 g Pb is provided by (323/207) 0.1 = 0.156 g TEL (1)
For 1000 dm3 petrol, mass required = 0.156 1000 = 156 g (1)
-
AS Level
QUESTIONSHEET 7
YIELD CALCULATIONS
a) (i)
Moles of H2SO4
AS Level
QUESTIONSHEET 8
CALCULATION OF REACTING MASSES
a) Mr (Na2CO3) = 106
n (Na2CO3) = 100/106 = 0.943 mol (1)
n (NaHCO3) = 2 0.943 = 1.89 mol (1)
Mr (NaHCO3) = 84
m (NaHCO3) = 1.89 84 = 159 g (1)
b) (i)
2Al + 3CuSO4 3Cu + Al2(SO4)3 (2) (i.e. 1 mark for correct formulae, 1 for balance)
AS Level
QUESTIONSHEET 9
CALCULATIONS INVOLVING GASES
a) n (bromine)
= 562 10-3 / 22.4 = 0.02509 mol bromine (1)
Mr (bromine) = 4.00/0.2509 = 159 [NB: no units] (1)
b) Total moles gas present = (4/16) + (35.5/71) = 0.75 mol gas (1)
At s.t.p. this occupies 0.75(22.4) = 16.8 dm3 (1)
Correcting to new conditions, this gives V = 760(16.8)291 / 750(273) (1)
Or Total moles of gas present = 0.75 (as above) (1)
V = (0.75 8.31 291) / (101 000 750/760) (1)
= 0.0182 m3 (1)
= 18.2 dm3 (1)
c) Equation
Calculation
.
d) 1 dm3 O2 1/24 mol O2 = 0.0417 mol O2 (1)
From the equation, this requires 0.0417 2 = 0.0833 mol NaNO3 (1)
Mr (NaNO3) = 85
m (NaNO3) = 0.0833 85 = 7.08 g (1)
AS Level
QUESTIONSHEET 10
TEST QUESTION
a) (i)
Mass of hydrogen
Mass of oxygen
n = pV / RT (1)
V = 2.60 x 10-3 m3 (1)
T = 450 + 273 = 723 K (1)
n = (1.01 x 105 x 2.60 x 10-3) / (8.314 x 723) = 0.0437 mol (1)