MATTER

What is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and occupies volume. The properties of matter are mass and volume. MASS Mass is the amount of matter in something. Its measured with a scale. The SI unit of measurement of mass is the kilogram (kg). Mass is not the same as weight. Weight is the force with which the earth attracts a body and its measured in other units. VOLUME Volume is the amount of space occupied by something. The SI unit of measurement is the cubic metre (m3), but it also can be measured in dm3, cm3 Capacity is the maximum amount (in volume) that something can contain. The litre is the unit of measurement we normally use to measure capacity. DENSITY Density is a physical property of matter that is defined as the ratio of an objects mass to its volume. The SI unit of density is kg/m3. But it also can be measured in g/cm3. Density is an important physical property of matter. Its commonly used to identify or separate different materials.

Two different bodies have the same density, so they are composed of the same. The greater the mass of a substance is, the greater its weight/volume is. Mass and volume are properties of matter. Density is too. When the volume of a bottle is 1L, then its capacity is also 1L. Density can be measured in kg/m3 and g/cm3, for example.

SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES

SOLIDS Solids stay in one place and can be held. Solids keep their shape. Solids always take up the same amount of space. Solids can be cut or shaped. Tiny solids can be poured, such as sugar, salt and flour. Each particle of salt, for example, keeps its shape and volume. Solids cannot be compressed. Solids cannot flow. LIQUIDS Liquids can flow and be poured easily. Liquids change their shape depending on their container. Liquids have a definite volume. Liquids are almost impossible to be compressed.

GASES Gases are normally invisible. Gases dont have definite shape. Gases can flow. Gases expand to take up whatever space is available. Gases can be compressed.

PARTICLES
SOLIDS They are close together. They are arranged in a regular pattern. They are held by strong forces called bonds. They vibrate in a fixed position. They cannot move from place to place.

LIQUIDS They are close together. They are arranged in a random way. They can move around each other. GASES They are separated and have space to move into. They are arranged in a random way. They move quickly in all directions. There arent bonds between particles in gases.

CHANGES OF MATTER
NAME CHANGE Liquid Gas (Only the surface) Gas Gas Liquid Solid Solid

Melting ----------------------------------- Solid Evaporation ------------------------------ Liquid Boiling ------------------------------------ Liquid Sublimation ------------------------------ Solid Condensation ---------------------------- Gas Freezing ---------------------------------- Liquid Deposition ------------------------------- Gas

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
The smallest part in a material is called atom.

Atoms are the building blocks of matter. An element is made up of just one kind of atom. Water is an example of a compound. A molecule is the smallest piece of a compound. Vegetable soup is an example of a heterogeneous mixture. Concrete is an example of a heterogeneous mixture. A homogeneous mixture is well mixed. Two or more elements chemically combined form a compound. Matter is made up of tiny particles. Water is often called the universal solvent.