Maths for competitive

exam
Dr. T.K. Jain.
AFTERSCHOOOL
M: 9414430763
tkjainbkn@yahoo.co.in
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 By selling 45 oranges for Rs. 160 a
man loses 20%, how many should he
sell for Rs. 112 to gain 20% on the
whole?
• Selling price of 45 oranges = 160 (which is
80% of cost)
• Cost of 45 oranges = 160*(100/80)=200,
to earn 20%, he should have sold for 240.
He has suffered a loss of Rs. 80, so first
recover that loss. 112-80 = 32. he can sell
45 oranges in Rs. 240, so how many can he
sell for Rs. 32 = 32/240(45) = 6 oranges.

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 The average salary per head of all
employees of a company is Rs. 600. the
average salary of 120 officer is Rs. 4000.
If the average salary per head of rest of
the employees is Rs. 560, find the total
number of workers in the company?
• Total salary of all the employees = 600x
• Salary of remaining persons = 560*(x-120)
• We already know about total salary of officers = 120*4000
= 480000
• 560(x-120) = 600x- 480000
• 560x-67200 =600x-480000
• -40x = -480000 + 67200
• X= 412800/40 = 10320, so other employees are 10200 Ans.

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In a lottery there are 10 prizes and 25
blanks, what is the probability of
getting a prize?

• 10 / 35 Ans.

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There are two urns. First contains 9
white, 7 red and 4 black balls. The
second contains 4 red, 5 white and 5
black balls. First we take a ball from
first urn and put it in the second urn
and then we draw a ball from second
urn. What is the probabilty that we
draw a red ball from second urn?

• Red from first box and second both: 7/20

*5/15 = 7/60 OR
• Other colour from first and red from
second: 13/20*4/15 = 13/75
• Probability = 7/60+13/75 = .29 approx.
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 A cone, a hemisphere and a cylinder
stand on equal bases and have same
height. What is the ratio of their
volume?
• Cone: pie* 1/3 *radius*radius*height
• Hemisphere : 2/3 *pie*r^3
• Cylinder: pie*r^2*h
• R is same in each case and height is
equal to radius. So the volumes are in
ratio of 1:2:3 ans.

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 The ratio between the volume of a
sphere and volume of a circumscribing
right cylinder is?
• Formulae : sphere: 4/3 pie r^3
• Cylinder: pie *r^2*h
• Let radius of sphere = 1
• Volume: 4/3 pie
• Height of cylinder: 2 because it is double
of radius (2* radius of sphere)
• Volume of cylinder: 2 pie
• Ratio: 2:3 Ans.

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 Cost of fencing a square garden is Rs.
400 @ re. 1/- per meter. The area of
the garden is ?
• Perimeter is = 4*side
• Perimeter is 400, one side = 400/4
• One side of square is 100.
• So he area is 100*100 = 10000 sqmts.

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 Ratio of the areas of two
squares is 9:1, what is the
ratio of their perimeter?
• Their sides would be in ratio of 3:1
• Their perimeter will also be in ratio
3:1 ans.

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 The length and breadth of a rectangular
field are 120 and 80 meters respectively.
Inside the field, a park of 12 m. width is
made around the field, what is the area of
park?

• Area of field: 120*80 = 9600

• Area of field after deducting park
• (120-24)*(80-24) = 96*56 =5376
• Area of park = 9600-5376=4224 Ans.

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Cost of carpeting a room 15 meter long
with a carpet 75 cm. wide at 30 paise
per meter is Rs. 36, what is breadth of
the room?
• Total length of carpet used : 36*(100/30)
= 120 meters
• Total area of carpet = .75*120 = 90
sq.meters
• Formulae of area = length*breadth
• Area of room is equal to area of carpet, so
breadth of room = 90/15 = 6 Ans.

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 Cost of coloring four walls of a room is Rs.
500. another room has length, breadth and
height just double of this room. What will be
cost of coloring in that room?

• Ans : 2000
• Remember the formulae
• 2*(length+bredth)*height
• Now all are doubled
• 2*(2l+2b)*2h = so new cost will be
four times.

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 An investor owning 1000, Rs. 5 share in a
compay, sells 400 of them. He invests the
proceeds in a stock at 90. calculate the total
income in 1 year from shares. He gets 6.5% in
first and 7.25% in second shares as dividend?
• Investor still has 600 shares valuing 3000 as face
value – on which he gets 6.5% = return = 195/-
• He sells the 400 shares and gets 2000.
• He invested Rs. 2000 in other shares – which he
got in Rs. 90 (face value must be 100) =
2000*100/90 = 2222(face value).
• His return is 7.25% on face value=166.
• Total return = 195+166 = 361 ans.
• Assumption – we have assumed that the face value
of the second share is Rs. 100.

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 I buy Rs. 25 shares which gives 9%
dividend but for me it is 10% return, at
what price did I buy the shares?
• Dividend = 9% of 25 = 2.25
• This is 10 % return for me, that
means I have invested 22.5 for this
share.
• Thus I purchased these shares at
22.5 (at a discount of 2.5 from face
value).

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True discount on 1860 due after a certaiin
time at 5% is 60, what is the time of the
instrument?
• Present value is 1800 (1860-60)
• Interest rate is 5% and interest is 60
• One year’s interest is 90, eight month
interest is Rs. 60 so answer is 8 month.
• Remember, true discount is equal to
interest on present value.

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 True discount on a bill of
Rs. 540 is Rs. 90, what is
bankers discount on that?
• Present value is 540-90 = 450,
• 90 on 450 is 20%,
• Thus 20% interest rate has been
used.
• Banker’s discount is interest on face
value. So 20% of 540 is 108
• Ans = 108.

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 Banker’s gain on a sum due 2 years
hence at 5% is Rs. 8. what is the
present value?
• Remember, banker’s gain is simple
interest on true discount.
• So true discount = 8*(100/5) = 160/2
(as period if 2 years) = 80
• Present value = 80*(100/5) = 1600
• Ans: 1600

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Bankers discont on some money is 36
and true discount is 30, what is the
bill amount, banker’s gain and rate?
• Banker’s gain = 36-30 = 6
• 6 is 20% of 30 so rate is 20%.
• Bill amount is 36*(100/20) = 180
• Present value is 30*(100/20) = 150

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 A sum of Rs. 100 deposited at
compound interest doubles after 5
years, what will be the amount after
20 years?
• After 5 years twice, after 10 years,
4 times, after 15 years, 8 times and
after 20 years – 16 times.
• Thus the amount will be 1600 ans.

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