Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Unlimited growth
Assuming td = 0.33 h, in 48 h, one cell would become If a cell weighs 10 g, then the total would be
-12
43
Rate-Determining Factors
Temperature; pH; Mass Transfer; Energy Transfer
Exponential
rx x
Units
e.g.
Lag
dx dt
Units
e.g.
g cells mL-1h-1
Acceleration
Ln Population Size
Time
Dr. Clem Kuek ZIP/Lect+Prac/IndusMicrobiol/Lectures/GrowthKinetics.doc 3 Dr. Clem Kuek ZIP/Lect+Prac/IndusMicrobiol/Lectures/GrowthKinetics.doc 4
Death
max
dx
where
10000
dt
= x
xt = x0 et
where xo xt e = [original biomass] = [biomass after time t] = base of natural log
(2.2)
10000
Exponential Phase
(2.1)
8000
6000
1000
4000
2000
ln xt = ln x0 + t
1 4 7 10
Time
100
13
16
Thus, plot of ln X vs. t gives straight line in the exponential phase, slope of which =
5 Dr. Clem Kuek
10 1 4 7 10
Time
13
16
6
ZIP/Lect+Prac/IndusMicrobiol/Lectures/GrowthKinetics.doc
ZIP/Lect+Prac/IndusMicrobiol/Lectures/GrowthKinetics.doc
X (g L-1)
0.100 0.134 0.180 0.241 0.323 0.433 0.581 0.778 1.040 1.400 1.870 2.500 3.350 4.490 6.000 8.000 10.70 14.10 17.90 17.90 17.90
S (g L-1)
40.00 39.93 39.83 39.70 39.50 39.30 38.97 38.50 38.00 37.20 36.20 34.80 32.90 30.50 27.20 22.80 17.10 9.60 1.11 1.11 1.11
Growth Rate, rx
1. Hand-drawn tangent y rx = x Numerical differentiation
Difference between values on either side of data point
2.
rx = x x t t
3 2 3
3.
Curve fitting r x = ln x ln x t t
2
3 3
] x
ZIP/Lect+Prac/IndusMicrobiol/Lectures/GrowthKinetics.doc
ZIP/Lect+Prac/IndusMicrobiol/Lectures/GrowthKinetics.doc
x
(g L-1) 0.100 0.134 0.180 0.241 0.323 0.433 0.581 0.778 1.040 1.400 1.870 2.500 3.350 4.490 6.000 8.000 10.70 14.10
However, in batch culture, does not remain constant. Substrate concentration is a major affecting factor.
rx = x
max
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
(h-1)* 0.040 0.054 0.072 0.096 0.129 0.172 0.230 0.311 0.415 0.550 0.740 0.995 1.325 1.755 2.350 3.050 3.600
rx
= rx/x
0.298 0.300 0.299 0.297 0.298 0.296 0.296 0.299 0.296 0.294 0.296 0.297 0.295 0.293 0.294 0.285 0.255
max
Substrate concentration
= Ks 1 + 1 S
m
with
y = mx + c
S
1
rx = x
Intercept 1 = max
Slope =
Ks max
1 S
ZIP/Lect+Prac/IndusMicrobiol/Lectures/GrowthKinetics.doc 11 Dr. Clem Kuek ZIP/Lect+Prac/IndusMicrobiol/Lectures/GrowthKinetics.doc 12
Yield factor Y
Y = the ratio of product or cell quantity resulting from a certain quantity of input
e.g. Yx/s Yield of cell weight per unit weight substrate utilized Yp/n Yield of product weight per unit weight of nitrogen utilized
Determination of Yield Factor on carbon substrate, Yx/s 2 Thus, when x is plotted against x , we get
rs
rx
r x
rs = rs + m s Y x
x s
Intercept = ms
Slope =
1 Yx/s
rs = 1 rx + m s x Y x
x s
where
rs ms
r x
14
The Importance of
max
For processes where maximal growth rates are diserable, attainment of max in culture is important. Since max is determined by the
genetics of the microorganism conditions of culture
ZIP/Lect+Prac/IndusMicrobiol/Lectures/GrowthKinetics.doc