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142 How does horizontal scan rate affect your monitors display quality?
145 Are inkjet refills and compatible cartridges a safe way to cut costs?
146 How to fix incorrect case in names stored in an Access 2000 database
HELPDESK
, We solve your PC problems
PCPlus
he MS Paint hack in HelpDesk, issue 173, generated a heap of mail, revealing a desire to customise programs in ways the designers never intended. Read on if you want to change the supposedly unchangeable. A reader asks if he can safely save money buying compatible refills for his inkjet. We really need your input on this. Would you love to ditch Internet Explorer, but Netscape doesnt do it for you? You should take a look at Opera, a rather good alternative. Theres plenty more to discover, including help with Office, free software from GNU, and the truth about MiniDisc data drives. Keep your questions and tips rolling in. I cant reply individually, but you could star in a future HelpDesk.
Ian Sharpe/HelpDesk Editor ian.sharpe@futurenet.co.uk
WEB BROWSING
Write in!
Email your questions to: ian.sharpe@futurenet.co.uk Or write to: HelpDesk, PC Plus 30 Monmouth Street Bath BA1 2BW Or fax: 01225 732295
When you see this, visit the website for more information, advice or support
pcplus.support@futurenet.co.uk
Open the bookmarks list in Opera (press [F7]). Click the Menu icon on the upper right of the list. Select File, Insert Internet Explorer Favorites. Pick the required folder. Opera is available from www.opera.com and makes a refreshing change from the Microsoft and Netscape offerings. Only the Windows version is supported by adverts, or you can buy an ad-free version. I have seen some seriously ill-informed comments about ad-ware recently. One chap was fuming away in a newsgroup about how ad-ware is evil, secretly stealing personal data from your computer. Full stop. No shades of grey. No exceptions. What a splendid example of a logical fallacy see if you can spot which one in the gallery at http://datanation. com/fallacies/index.htm. Some ad-ware is spyware in the sense that it reports information you havent consented to. But not every program carrying a sponsored graphic is necessarily doing that. Bad things went on when ad-ware first appeared. They probably still do in some cases. I discussed this in an earlier HelpDesk and directed readers to http://grc.com/downloaders.htm for detailed examples. I also told
how to get ad-ware removal software such as Ad-aware from www.lavasoft.de/aaw/ index.html. These instances of wrong-doing do not prove that all ad-ware is guilty of this. If we can take Operas public statements at face value, and I have yet to see anyone credible suggest otherwise, then whats being done with this program is fine by me. The company has written its own advert management code rather than importing a black-box module supplied by the advert broker. You choose how much profile information you want to provide. Furthermore, Opera Software explains what happens with your data, right down to documenting sample exchanges with the server. All the advertisers see is the profile information you decide to supply, which ads have been displayed to you, and which ones you clicked on. It does not report your normal browsing or other activities, and the advertiser only knows you by an ID number allocated when you first use it. Operas interaction with the ad server is explained at www.opera. com/opera5/acp.html. Also see
nIE and Netscape are not the only browsers on the planet. Opera is free on Windows and is pretty good.
www.opera.com/windows/ new.html, www.opera.com/ press/faq.html and www.opera.com/privacy/. This wont convince some people, and to them I say fine... you are free not to download the software. I havent analysed Opera with a packet sniffer so I cannot prove that the authors are telling the truth. The problem with ad-ware is not the concept. It can be done right and wrong. The problem is regulation and policing, but thats true of the net as a whole. Its frontier country expect bandits.
WINDOWS
No installation disks
I read with interest the Windows Fresh Start feature in issue 173 and found it very helpful. However, I have an important piece of software for which I have lost the original installation disks. Is there anyway of doing a clean reinstall,
HELPDESK
then copying the relevant files for this piece of software from a backup, and somehow registering it with Windows? I am running Windows 95 and have no plans to upgrade. Chris Thats a tricky one because the answer will depend on the way that the software was written. The simplest programs can be copied over without any problems because they are completely self-contained. A great many wont be that easy. For a start, a programs installer may have made additions and modifications to the registry. Some of these will be obvious if you poke round in Regedit, searching for things like the name of the programmer, the company and the folder the software is installed in. If youre lucky, you will find a complete branch thats clearly relevant to the application concerned. You can export this from the Registry menu in Regedit, then import it back into the registry on the new installation. Other registry changes could be subtler, and youll have a devil of a job finding them. You might be able to pinpoint these by monitoring what the program does with the registry when it is running. The tool for this is Regmon from www.sysinternals.com, but you cant be sure of pinpointing some of the more advanced things that might have been done. Some programs make changes to one or more of CONFIG.SYS, AUTOEXEC.BAT, WIN.INI and SYSTEM.INI. You can look through these by typing SYSEDIT into the Run dialog. Your programs installer could have put crucial files in the Windows folder and/or sub-folders. Filemon from SysInternals may give you some helpful clues on what these are, but probably wont reveal a complete list. Examine the program when it is running using a process viewer such as PrcView from www.teamcti.com/pview/. This will tell you software modules that the software is dependent upon. Some of these will be standard Windows files; some may be specific to that program. Also get SpyGuru from http://ilia.reznik.home. mindspring.com/spyguru.htm. Run its Files, Shell, Registry, Network section and load the applications EXE file into it using the Open File button. Next click the Static Dependencies button and youll see a similar list of files that you should take note of. Doing your homework in this way greatly improves your chances of getting the program working again but, with a non-trivial program, it is impossible to be sure youve identified every file and every registry entry. If you cant afford to break the software, dont risk it. Find out as much as you can, and if possible try to get the software running on a different machine before burning your bridges on your own personal computer. You might also consider setting up a dual-boot system and putting the new installation in another partition. See if you can get the software working in the new Windows installation before deleting the old one. This would require a partition manager such as Partition Magic, or if you feel confident you could try one of the free but prickly alternatives covered in issue 172s HelpDesk. problem and really know what you are doing. Access Control Lists are not used by the Windows 9x line. Acl files here are more likely to be autocorrect lists for Microsoft Office applications. Assuming youre on a Win9x system, open Control Panel and double-click the Network icon. Change the Primary Network Logon field to Windows Logon. Pwl files store passwords. Deleting these can help when you need to reset passwords to their default settings in Windows.
NETWORKING
HARDWARE
Data on MiniDisc?
Is there a MiniDisc drive available for computer data storage? I know CD-RW is a useful piece of kit, but the multi-writeability of MiniDiscs really cries out to be used. Product cost is sure to be similar, with MiniDisc likely to have the edge. Jim
I assume that you arent running Windows NT or 2000? On NT systems, .acl files contain Access Control Lists. These record which users and groups have access to objects such as folders, along with the permissions they have. Deleting ACLs is not a good idea unless, (a) you are intent on causing mayhem or, (b) you have an access control
MICROSOFT WORD
Controlling a letterhead
In MS Word I use the page header to print my letterhead. But the problem is that the following pages also print out the header. I used to place a headed paper in one tray and continuation sheets in another. Do I still have to do the same thing? I would like to print out the header just for the first page. Takeo Sawai
Three-level indexing
When I mark a word for indexing in MS Word 2000 (Insert, Index and Tables, Mark entry) the dialog box has fields for the entry and a subentry. I have complex material to index and could really use three levels entry, subentry and sub-subentry. Is there a way to accomplish this? Richard Smith
This is easy to set up, though the required options dont exactly hit you in the face. Go to File, Page Setup. On the Layout tab there is a Headers and Footers section. Tick the Different first page checkbox. Put your letterhead in the first pages header. Leave the second page header blank. This empty header will be used from page two onwards.
Make an entry and subentry as usual. Append the sub-subentry to the subentry, separating the two with a colon. This works because the colon is Words internal delimiter between entry levels and can cope with more depth than the dialog box suggests. [Shift][Alt][X] is the quick way to the Mark Index Entry dialog - you can quickly select a word in the document by double-clicking it.
I know a lot of people fancy storing data on MiniDisc, but it doesnt look quite so tasty when you learn that the apparent size of these discs is due to ATRAC, a type of lossy compression. In other words, some of the sound data is thrown away in order to make the recording highly compressible and thereby fit on a disk with lower raw capacity. The discarded data is supposed to be the least noticeable, so the sound quality does not deteriorate unduly. A single lost bit in a program or data file can render the whole thing useless. MiniDiscs could be used for data storage but you wouldnt get anything like a CDs worth of capacity. The uncompressed size of a 60 minute MiniDisc is 140MB. This is in the same parish as Iomega Zip and Panasonic LS-120, but MiniDiscs are a fraction of the price so there would still seem to be merit in the idea. Sony and Sharp did launch MiniDisc data drives for computers. For example there was the Sony MDH-10 combined portable MiniDisc audio player and SCSI data drive. It cost about 500 several years ago, which may help explain why it didnt hit the big-time and the data drives seem to have sunk without trace. MiniDisc has been used for data storage in other products such as digital cameras and a PDA. See the page at www.minidisc.org/ md_data_table.html for tech specs and photos.
140/PCPlus.co.uk #175
OUTLOOK
With the rule activated, whenever you get a message with a read receipt it will be automatically replied to without you necessarily having read it. Control of normal read receipts, both sending and receiving, is under Tools, Options, Preferences, E-mail Options, Tracking Options. You want to select Never send a response. Ron Kibblewhite Neat a pet hate of mine, too, so Ron is this months Star Letter winner.
Data storage devices use a slightly different MiniDisc than the audio variety. You can find sources of 140MB data blanks if you hunt round, though theyre scarce and foreign, making it difficult to assess prices. The cheapest audio MiniDiscs I could find in the UK are about 1 each. I suspect data discs would be more expensive but, even so, CD-Rs can easily be bought for less than half that, and with four times the storage capacity they are eight or more times cost-effective. Although it is possible to pay over 2 per disc for CD-RW, they can be bought for 1 per disc if you search around, making them four times better value. MiniDiscs cost per megabyte is way out of contention in comparison with CD-based technologies. Okay, CD-RW is imperfect but it is improving and becoming cheaper while DVD-RAM is creeping in at the top end. Sony has a site at www. storagebysony.com listing its
line-up of data storage products. From that you will see that its current thinking on removable storage is leading in different directions. For instance it has the HiFD drive a 200MB 3.5-inch format and a range of magnetooptical drives with capacities up to 5.2GB. Its hard to see how MiniDisc would fit into the picture, except for applications in which compact media would be an advantage. At www.sel.sony.com you can find information on data MiniDisc media, and a few lead-nowhere links to data drives. The company says it is working on a 650MB version of data MiniDisc, so maybe itll make a comeback. Incidentally, the whole business of how CD-ROM, CD-R and CD-RW work, their limitations, why a CD-RW might be readable on one drive but not another, and jargon, such as UDF and packet writing can be confusing and not everyone has them at their fingertips. There is a good article at www.pctechguide.com/
09cdr-rw.htm which gives an overview of these technologies, how and why the various standards evolved and, most importantly, practical implications such as how compatibility problems can arise.
nArcheological evidence for MiniDisc data drives is plentiful on the net photos, drivers and even this manual. But the trail goes cold after 1999 and I cant find hardware or media for sale in the UK.
#
HELPDESK
INTERNET EXPLORER
also work if you press the righthand [Alt] key [Alt Gr] plus the letter, without [Ctrl]. However, I much prefer a little program called WinKey, now up to version 2.8 and free from www.copernic.com/winkey. You can set up a shortcut to any file or program anywhere, and it works in combination with the [Windows] key.
WINDOWS
Sharing Favorites
Is it possible to share one Favorites folder between the three Windows 98 computers on our network? They share a modem through ICS, so the machine with the Favorites folder will always be turned on when it is needed. Jon Shipley
MONITORS
All you need to do is run Tweak UI (www.microsoft. com/ntworkstation/ downloads/PowerToys/Networki ng/NTTweakui.asp) and change the location in the Special Folders section of the My Computer tab. The Change Location button brings up a folder list in which there is a Network icon. Simply navigate to the shared Favorites folder from there.
\prog\files\helpdesk\reshack
WINDOWS
Lack of resolution
I have two problems. I recently formatted and reinstalled Windows 98. I was surprised to see that the screen resolution was low, and shocked to find that I could not change it. There is a problem with the video card. I dont know what it is because everything else seems to be perfect. The other question I need answered is how to create shortcut keys to open applications. For example, Windows key+[E] opens Windows explorer, Windows key+[F] opens the Find box, Alan Gearys
The usual cause of inability to change resolution immediately after installing Windows is that the video driver is incorrect. Either Windows is using a generic driver, or using a very basic feature-poor one for your video card. You need to get the latest driver, so try the manufacturers website. Otherwise, there should have been a disk with the video card containing a driver at least as good as the one on the Windows CD, and quite possibly better. Programming the Windows key came up in HelpDesk some time ago. Of course Windows 98 enables you to set up shortcut keys to programs in the Start menu. Just right-click an entry, bring up the Properties dialog and fill in the Shortcut Key field. However, these shortcuts give [Ctr][Alt]+letter, which
For the benefit of those who dont understand the relevance of the vertical scan frequency well begin at the beginning. The electron beam that lights up the pixels on a cathode ray tube (CRT) screen scans the picture left to right, top to bottom, in the same way as you read a page of text. The coating that the electron beam illuminates is made of phosphor, and this only glows for a limited amount of time. To remain illuminated it has to be repeatedly refreshed with another shot of electrons. When the electron beam has scanned the screen, it goes back to the top-left and starts again. The number of times this happens every second is known as the refresh rate or the vertical scan frequency, and the figure is given in Hertz cycles per second. If the rate is set too low, the phosphors illumination level fades too much between refreshes and you see a shimmering effect. There is no correct minimum frequency because the perception of shimmer depends on other factors. For example, different phosphors fade at different rates. A low-persistence phosphor requires more frequent refreshing than a long-persistence one. Some people are more sensitive to flickering than others. Ambient lighting has an effect, as does viewing distance. You have to find the correct refresh rate for you and your kit in your environment. A figure in the low seventies is the recommended minimum. Some people genuinely need 85Hz for a stable image. A very few may even need 90Hz.
Its Resource Workshop, part of Borland C++. If your PC Plus library stretches back to issue 163, a slightly different version of the Workshop program can be found on SuperDisc 163a in the \Workshop folder. Alternatives include SpyGuru (http://ilia.reznik.home. mindspring.com/spyguru.htm). Once installed and running, you open the SpyGuru dialog from the system tray. Select the Files, Shell, Registry, Network section. Open the EXE file from the Open File toolbar icon. Click the File Resources button and all is revealed. Where SpyGuru can only view resources, Resource Workshop can edit them too, enabling you to do things that are not possible in a hex editor, such as extending resources beyond their original size Andy followed up his message to put me on to a freeware resource editor hed located which enables you to change resources. It can be found on the SuperDisc and also at http://rpi.net.au/ ~ajohnson/resourcehacker/. Like SpyGuru, Resource Hacker only works with 32-bit program files, not 16-bit. Here are a few things you may like to try with it. Warning: This is not for inexperienced users. Any file you meddle with should be backed up first, and be sure you know how to reinstate it if things go wrong. In the case of files used by the operating system, this may involve rebooting in MS-DOS mode and using DOS commands. If you do not feel comfortable with this, please turn the page lest you be tempted down the path of ruin and damnation.
142/PCPlus.co.uk #175
%My captionless Start button. Note that the Help entry has been removed.
nInterestingly, the selected refresh rate isnt necessarily what you get. My other monitors on-screen display tells me the real refresh rate, and it is lower than selected here. Presumably this is a video card problem.
Lets take a real-life example. The ADI G10 monitor has a maximum resolution of 1600x1200 at 85Hz refresh rate. From this, we calculate the bandwidth required: 1600 x 1200 x 85 x 1.35 = 220MHz The horizontal scan rate required for this is: 1,200 x 85 = 102KHz Actually it has to be a little bit higher, to give the beam time to move to the top left of the screen after reaching the bottom. The bandwidth quoted in the manual is 229.5MHz, and the range of horizontal refresh rates available start from 30KHz and peak at 110KHz, so the calculations agree fairly well.
String Table tree until you find the item whose text is Start. Edit the text to how you want it, or just delete the line. Explorer is another system file, so you will have to use a similar Save As and MS-DOS reboot procedure as above.
UPDATE
Windows will restart and use your re-engineered version of Shell32.dll. Oldshl32.dll is your backup. If you find that the combo box no longer drops down, give it more breathing space underneath. Then drag the bottom of the box downwards. The gap between the bottom of the field and the bottom of the marquee dictates the size of the dropdown list. Whatever you shifted to enable you to do this can now be moved back where it was.
5 On your own...
These are just examples of what can be done. Redesign dialog boxes in applications, delete items from menus, rearrange menus, change embedded icons, messages, graphics and cursors. You can even move controls from one dialog to another in some cases. Have fun, and let us know if you come up with demon customisations other readers should know about.
Oh dear, what a calamity. YourCPL, the program I wrote to put the applications of your choice in Control Panel, was supposed to be on issue 173s SuperDisc but somehow failed to make it through the production process. And unknown to me, reader Mark Hives had written a program to do the same job and had a letter about it published in Mailbox in the preceding issue. Judging by the blizzard of email I received over Christmas asking after my version, many of you hadnt noticed. Not to worry an updated version of YourCPL is on this months disc.
HELPDESK
MS-DOS DELVING DEEPER
A GNU perspective
It always amuses me to see MS-DOS and Windows users attempting to reinvent the wheel, and usually making it square! The functionality you describe for Sweep.com in issue 172s HelpDesk is just a small subset of the capability of the Unix Find command (not the crippled Grep clone which Microsoft ships as Find for use in its MS-DOS environment). Thanks to the efforts of D J Delorie, and other contributors to the GNU project, an MS-DOS port of the GNU/Linux implementation of Find may be found, for free download, at: ftp://ftp.simtel.net/ pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/ find41b.zip If you get this, save to C:\GNU, and unzip it using WinZip (or get ftp://ftp. simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/ unzip32.exe if you dont have WinZip). Your example Doshorts.bat can be replaced with the single command: c:\gnu\bin\find / -name *.lnk -exec c:\shortcut.exe -s {} \; The ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet /gnu/djgpp/ site also contains a number of other MS-DOS ports of GNU/Linux utilities, which are useful for both MS-DOS and Windows users. D J Delories site at www.delorie.com, and the GNU project site at www.gnu.org provide further information on getting, and using, these free utilities. Keith Marshall
FREE SOFTWARE
INTERNET
Tracert shows you the route that data takes between you and a remote computer, and the response time of each place it passes through. Its interesting to run this test from different ISPs, and for different telephone numbers for the same ISP. The early part of the route enables you to compare internal network speeds. Tractert will also highlight sticky patches along on the way slow response is not always the fault of the computer you are contacting. A friendlier alternative, VisualRoute, was included on issue 170s SuperDisc.
n Tracert is probably a better alternative to Ping for troubleshooting Net connection problems.
WINDOWS
XCOPY warning
My backup system uses batch files containing XCOPY commands to copy important files to a second hard disk. As many readers probably use something similar, could you please tip them off to a hidden snag I have discovered. After the latest restoration, I found that a couple of programs would
not work. The problem was eventually traced to a subtle feature of the file system. A file or folder with a long filename also has an alternative name that is compatible with MS-DOS when Windows is not running. These names are shortened to eight characters maximum, followed by a dot and then up to three characters. The last two characters in the first part of truncated names become a tilde and a digit. 'Program Files', for example, becomes PROGRA~1. If another file or folder is created which has the same extension, a name more than eight characters long (or containing a character illegal under the old naming rules, such as a space) and the name begins in the same way, it becomes PROGRA~2. The digit is assigned in order of creation. When XCOPY copies files to another location, and later copies them back, the order of creation may change and the
144/PCPlus.co.uk #175
INKJETS
\prog\files\helpdesk\sites\hsnet.htm If you need an updated driver or other help direct from a manufacturer, first check its website. One of the search engines will help you locate it for example www.google.com, www.northernlight.com or www.mamma.com. I have compiled a list of internet addresses of many leading hardware and software manufacturers. It is in the file hsnet.htm which you will find on the SuperDisc every month. Copy the Sites folder to your hard disk and bookmark hsnet.htm for instant access. If what you want isnt there and the general search engines turn up tons of irrelevant links, try www.service911.com/content/SupportHelp.asp which has a searchable database of tech support contacts. If you find a site I havent listed but which could be useful to other readers, please drop me a line at ian.sharpe@futurenet.co.uk. Newsgroups are also a great source of help and advice. It is likely that your question has been asked and answered before, so before posting a message search previous postings at www.deja.com. And dont forget PC Plus own newsgroups and forums at www.pcplus.co.uk.
digits change also. If this happens to a filename or part of a folder path, restored files may not work if anything is set up to use the '8.3' form of the name. Run Regedit and search for ~1. Many entries will be found to contain paths described by short filenames dozens on my system, including parts of Office 2000. David Sands XCOPY, and other DOS commands such as COPY and MOVE, process files in the order in which they occur in the directory structure on the disk. This order should be preserved when copying files back and forth, so normally there won't be any trouble. Create two files with similar long names, so the short forms are the same apart from ending with ~1 and ~2. Note which short name belongs to which full name. Move the files to another folder (i.e. the originals are deleted after
copying). In the original folder create a third file following the same pattern. This will be ~1. Copy the other two back and they become ~2 and ~3. Now delete the ~1 file. When the other two are copied elsewhere, the gap in the numbering sequence is closed up. Another mechanism is to change the order of the entries in the directory structure. Move the ~1 file to another folder. Fill up unused directory entries by copying several files into the current folder. Copy the ~1 file back. Because there are no free directory entries before ~2, it will be listed later. The ~1 and ~2 names have not changed, but their original directory order has been reversed. Copy these files to another folder and ~2 will be sent first. This becomes ~1, while the old ~1 becomes ~2. A defragmenter may have the option to change the directory order, so that's something else to watch for.
HELPDESK
DATA TRANSFER
the bottom right of the Toolbox. Select Microsoft Office Spreadsheet, and drag out a rectangle on the form. When run, you will be able to type:
=PROPER(B1)
ON THE CASE
The function is part of the control. Outside it, you must use Access equivalent, which is StrConv. This takes a string to work on, plus a number that tells the function which action to perform. But what are the numbers? The help file of doom strikes again... if the information is there, it isnt obvious. Fortunately, it does appear in the VB help file. The magic number for proper case is three. Applied to the surname field, it looks like this:
StrConv([Surname],3)
Several people wrote in about Monarch thanks to you all. Mark Stephens told me that his companys product should be able to do the job too. See www.idrsolutions.com.
If you build an update query (not a standard query) you can apply this function to both fields, by entering formulae in the Update To: row. While this works well for most records, there will be special cases
ACCESS
This method checks the forename field whenever the user leaves it...
Private Sub Forename_Exit(Cancel As Integer) Dim strTemp As String strTemp = CaseChange.ProperCase(Forename.Text) If StrComp(strTemp, Forename.Text, 0) <> 0 Then If MsgBox(Change < + Forename.Text + > to < + strTemp + >?, vbYesNo, Case change?) = vbYes Then Forename.Text = strTemp End If End If End Sub
nThis update query will change the text in the Forename and Surname fields to proper case.
\prog\files\helpdesk\CaseTest.mdb
The help file is useless on this point and pretty bad generally, often leading to dead ends and sending you down false trails. You could perform the conversion using a query. PROPER wont work here because its a worksheet function available inside a spreadsheet control. If you want to play with it, in form design view click the More Controls button on
where it doesnt give the right answer. McTavish will become Mctavish, for example, and unlike PROPER, StrConv will lower-case the first letter of the second part of a hyphenated surname. A number of these problems can be rectified automatically if we wrap up StrConv inside a user-defined function which also applies a list of corrective rules, such as when Mc occurs at the start of the string, always capitalise the following letter. Some of these general rules would be fairly safe. Other obvious ones would do as much harm as good. For instance, a similar rule for Mac would work for MacDonald but upset Mace, Macey and Mackleworth. To get it mostly right youd have to program a dictionary of special cases, which is difficult. Not the programming thatd be a easy. Constructing the list would be very tedious. The ProperCase function is in the boxout. Once youve dealt with the existing items, you may want to
avoid having to repeat the exercise by correcting the case at the time of data entry. To do that, open your data entry form in design view. Right-click in the window title bar and select Build Event then Code Builder. In the Object field (left side) select Forename. In the Procedure field (right) select Exit. Make the empty procedure look like the second piece of code in the boxout. This assumes that you put the ProperCase function inside a module called CaseChange and that the forename and surname fields are called Forename and Surname. A similar function will work for the Surname field. The code is triggered when the user leaves the field. If the case-adjusted version of the text is not the same as what was typed, permission is asked to change it. All the code along with explanatory comments is in a
sample Access 2000 database on the SuperDisc. Try entering some new names in the Enter Name form and see what happens when you get the case wrong. Note that if you type two initial capitals, Access AutoCorrect function will change the text before the macro can get to it, also, there will not be a warning issued. To view the code, press [Alt][F11] and find the Project window. In there, fully expand the CaseTest branch and double-click the CaseChange module, and then Form _Enter name.
nA bit of VBA code watches over input on a form and asks the user to confirm changes.
146/PCPlus.co.uk #175