~~ Communication: communication is the process of exchanging information (whether emotions, experience, knowledge, attitudes, etc) between a sender and

a receiver, organizational members especially managers spend a considerable portion of their time communicating, effective communication involves getting the right information to the right people in a timely manner

Communication is one of the main social processes which contribute to construction of social linkage between individuals to become groups and to establish an organization

Organization is a construct of groups in a specific way with specific functions ~~ Components of the communication process: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) Sender: someone or some group that attract your attention Message: construct a message Encoding: using different codes in a way to construct a message that have a meaning Medium: broadcasting message by: orally, via telephone, writing, or using body language, etc Decoding by receiver: Receiver: Message: Encoding: Medium: Decoding by sender:

Noise: noise is found in the environment that causes distortion to the communication process

## Effective methods for better communication: 1) Take the time: effective communication should take adequate time 2) Listen actively: effective communication requires good listening 3) Accepting the other person: try to accept the other person as an individual who has the right to have feelings and perceptions that may differ than yours 4) Say what you feel and be sure that your words shows congruence 5) Recognize differences within cultures 6) Watch your and their language: for example If Im using French language with some English speaking person, in this case I will not be effective in communicating 7) To be effective in your communication you should use the vocabulary that the receiver can decode

~~ Functions of communication: 1) Providing knowledge: about organization goals, job description, standard for acceptable behaviors, etc. 2) Motivating organizational members: by determining valences, raising expectancies, assigning specific goals, and giving feedback 3) Controlling and coordinating group activities: communicating roles, rules, and norms, and avoiding duplication of effort, controlling group actions and activities 4) Expressing feelings and emotions: such as positive and negative moods, excitement, and anger

~~ communication media and information richness: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Face to face communication, the information richness is the highest By telephone, high Written, personal, moderate Written, formal, low Numeric format, lowest

~~ Barriers to effective communication: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Filtering and information distortion Poor listening Lack or inappropriate feedback Rumors and the grapevine Workforce diversity Differences in cross-linguistic styles

~~ Types of communication: 1) Verbal: its the transmission of messages by speech or writing or by using jargon 2) Nonverbal: its the transmission of messages by some medium other than speech or writing, nonverbal messages can be very powerful, this include body language such as bodily motions or facial expressions