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Conversion to Liquid Hydrocarbons Conversion to Methanol Conversion to Fertilizer Conversion to Electric Power
LNG Technology
LNG
Liquefied Natural Gas
- 161oC !!
Limits (maximum)
50 ppm 0.01 micrograms per normal m3 1 mol% 1 ppmv 1 ppmv < 6 8 mol% (Feedstock for Ethylene!) LPG < 3 mol% Petrochemical < 2 mol% Feedstock < 0.1 mol% =1050 Btu/SCF (Europe and USA) up to 1140 Btu/SCF (East Asia)
C2
FUEL
HYDROCARBON FRACTIONATION
C2
C3
CO2 REMOVAL
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
Treated Gas Lean Amine Lean Absorber SemiSemi-Lean Amine Amine Cooler
LowLow-Pressure Flash
Stripper
Reboiler
Rich Amine
Lean/Rich Exchanger
Regeneration Cooler
Filter
Outlet Gas Specification is generally 10 nanograms of Mercury per cubic meter of gas.
To Liquefaction Section
Mercury has to be removed from natural gas and its associated condensate to prevent: corrosion in aluminum equipment
Refrigeration Cycles
Types of Licensed Processes:
Propane Precooled Mixed Refrigerant Cycle (APCI) Pure Component Cascade Cycle
Phillips Optimized Cascade
Linde Technology
Work
Air-cooled or water-cooled
Compressor
Refrigeration Loop
Accumulator
Q Low Temperature
8/19/2010 P. 19 (Sub - Ambient)
PC
To MCHE MR SW
Reinjection Chiller DC2 Condenser To Scrub Column Feed Gas Feed from Acid Gas Removal
8/19/2010
P. 21
HP HP CC 33
MP MP C C 3 3
LP LP C C 3 3
LLP LLP C C 3 3
MCHE MCHE
MP MP MR MR
LP LP MR MR
ToFRACTIONATION FRACTIONATION To
8/19/2010 P. 22
Thermal Efficiency
Typical LP MR Compressor
Axial Compressor Rotor Lifted From Casing
Propane Compressor
Axial Compressor
Frame 7 Cutaway
Single Shaft Design
LNG Tank
Vapour Release
LNG to Ship
Top Fill
Carbon Steel Light LNG Heat Leak from Perlite Insulation Heavy LNG 9% Ni Steel 32 month Construction Insulation Schedule (Typical) Ambient
Top Tier
KBR/JGC Chiyoda Bechtel
Next Tier
Technip Foster-Wheeler Snamprogetti
LNG Shipping
LNG Unloading Arm Recondenser LNG Tanker Fuel Gas Vaporizer To Pipeline
1st Stage Sendout Pumps LNG Storage Tanks 2nd Stage Sendout Pumps
Features
Low running cost. Sea water used as heat source. Easy to operate and maintain. Tube Panels--made of aluminum alloy, coated outside with zinc alloy to provide corrosion resistance from sea water. Return sea water is 4-5 deg. C cooler. Environmental consideration.
83.8 Mmt/y
67.5%
Pacific Rim
Indonesia Malaysia Brunei Australia Alaska Qatar Abu Dhabi Algeria Libya Trinidad Nigeria
Middle East
9.3%
28.2% 71.8%
Atlantic Basin
23.2%
94.9% 5.1%
83.8 Mmt/y
75.2%
Pacific Rim
Japan Taiwan Korea China India France Belgium Greece Italy Spain Turkey USA
Atlantic Basin
24.8%
33.2% 16.8% 6.7% 24.0% 11.1% 8.2%
10. Yemen
Flare
Refrig. Compressors
Inlet Compressor
LNG FPSO
--Modularization LNG plant on a barge---BLUE MARTIN STAT OIL Norway [154 METERS LONG AND 60 METERS WIDE AND 50 METERS HEIGHT-- 350,000 TONS ] 50
Source: The LNG Business: How Fast Will it Grow? By Theo Oerlemans, Poten & Partners, presented at Gastech 2005.
Thank You
Questions - Discussion