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• Companies are obliged to comply with law, give the community a variety of financial and
non-financial ways and take into account the environment and social context in which the
business operates.
• Shrinking of government resources, distrust of regulations, demand for greater
disclosures, increased customer’s interests, investors pressure, competitive labour
markets etc are some of the driving forces of CSR.
• The concept of CSR involves voluntarily adopted behaviour going beyond legal
obligations, practices intrinsically connected to sustainable development and culture
incorporated into core business strategies.
Accountability, transparency, conduct in conformity with laws, business ethics, good workplaces
and labour relations practices, affirmative actions / good practices, customers loyalty and
satisfaction, environmental benefits and company involvement with community are some of the
components of CSR.
Triple Bottom line reporting on resources and market reputation, improved ability to understand
business performance and risks, attract quality employees, greater profile for raising capital are
few benefits of CSR.
CSR in India
Introduction:
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is on the rise all over the world and in India also. Civil
Societies, consumers and other actors have increased pressure on companies to adhere to social
and environmental standards and this pressure has impacts on the business in India. Limits of
regulatory initiatives, changing nature of judicial activism, governments greater relevance on
private enterprises etc. places greater responsibility on voluntary approaches as an alternative
means of building social rights. Voluntary initiatives for environmental protection have been
restricted to large firms.
CSR is often guided by the commitment of the top management. With compliance and
enforcement slack, employee’s care is just employers’ benevolence, environment care and total
quality management are driven by market forces and legislation, CSR is considered as an
additional activity of Human relation and public relation department. Democratic institutions
need to be strengthened for steady movement, towards strengthening of enforceable regulation.
Space to be created for various actors to operate, provide, support and resistance as required
government need to be re-engineered so that civil society vigilance can reinforce its regulating
and monitoring roll. Re-engineering of government requires active defence or advocacy of
constitutional rights from court to civil society. A new initiative, Corporate Responsibility for
Environmental Protection (CREP) was initiated by the Government of India.
• Leading Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India are traditionally active in social
and environmental norms.
• Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) and Confederation of
Indian Industry (CII) work closely in partnership with Government and other
ogranistions.
• Social Development Council (SDC) set up by CII, ensures corporate’s participation in
social development and provide an institutional base for social activities of the corporate
sector.
• SDC focuses on community development, disaster management, education and literacy,
population and health (including HIV & AIDS), vocational training and women’s
empowerment etc.
• CII in partnership with UNDP, set up India Partnership Forum to promote multi
stakeholders approach to CSR.
• Indian Business Trust for HIV / AIDS was set up by CII to help extent the impact of
national programme for prevention and control of HIV / AIDS.
• Social summit being organized every year by CII to provide opportunities and platform
for companies to take up social responsibility
• CII has established Environment Management Department (EMD) to undertake a range
of activities like environmental research, organizing practical initiatives, etc.
• FICCI focuses more on environmental issues of significances to Indian Industry.
• FICCI set up Socio Economic Development Foundation (SEDF) to deal with CSR
• FICCI has an Environmental Information Centre that complies and disseminates
information on environmental issues.
• Awards, were instituted by FICCI for corporate initiatives in environmental
conservations and pollution.
• Progress, Harmony and Development chambers of commerce and Industry (PHDCCI)
has major interventions in family welfare and rural development through its foundations
PHD Family Welfare Foundation, PHD Rural Development Foundation respectively.
• Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) through their
members provided drinking water in 110 villages by 1996 on occasion of its platinum
Jubilee.
• Bombay Chambers of Commerce and Industry (BCCI) has been consistently on issues of
populations and civic conditions in Mumbai.
A code of conduct is a document that outlines a set of behavioural principles and expectations.
The contents, principles, implementation and monitoring of these codes are the key issues
involved in the document. The purpose is to regulate the behaviour of persons or entity in any
organizational structure. These codes promotes standards of ethical business practices.
Following codes, principles, standards, etc addresses a broad spectrum of Corporate Social
Responsibility and Sustainable development.
2. UN Global Compact
• An international multi-constituent, voluntary initiative based on internationally
accepted ten principles in pursuit of a more sustainable inclusive global economy.
• Provides a framework for invocation, creativity, best practices
• Assist companies incorporating a greater level of social responsibility in their
operations
• Not a substitute for regulatory structure
• The ten principles, to be integrated in own business operations and broader spectrum
impacted by their business
• The ten principles covers human rights forced labour, child labour, environmental
challenges and responsibility, non discrimination, freedom of associations, collective
bargaining, corruption, etc.
9. APEC
• Asia Pacific Economic Corporation, APEC is an international organization for
economic co-operation among the pacific rim countries.
• The code is an inspirational standard that draws significally on a variety of
internationally recognized codes and standards.
• The code addresses policy recommendations to APEC country governments
10 Role of ILO
• ILO seeks the promotion of social justice and internationally recognized human and
labour rights.
• Formulate international labour standards in the form of conventions and
recommendations setting minimum standards of basic labour rights.