Electro chem 1 Faraday = charge on 1 mole of electron Buffer problems Ecell = Eoxidation + Ereduction /Kw = [H3O+][OH-] = 1.

0 x 10-14 mol/L (at 250C)/Kw = (1.0 x 10-7 mol/L) (1.0 x 10-7 mol/L)/Kw = 1.0 x 10-14 mol/L (at 250C)/pH = -log [H3O+]/[H3O+] = 10-pH /pOH = -log [OH-]/pKw = -log Kw/pKa = -log Ka/pH + pOH = 14.00/Kw = Ka Kb/{H3
/ /

1 Faraday = 9.65 x 104 C (96,500 coulombs) 1 Faraday = 6.022 x 1023 e = 9.65 x 104 C

Thermo / E = qp + w/ /
0 f 0

(products)

(reactants)/

S0(products) f (products)
0

S0(reactants) 0 f (reactants)

/ Suniv

Ssys

Ssurr

1. K+ + F HF + H2O H3O+ + F

Calculate the pH of a solution containing 0.15 M HF and 0.20 M NaF. The Ka of HF = 7.2 x 104. goes to completion equilibrium, Ka = 7.2 x 104

Since HF dissociates completely, [F] from salt = 0.20 M HF Initial Change Equilibrium x M 0.15 x M / pKa = -log Ka = log 7.2 x 104 = 3.1/ / 0.15 M +x M xM + H2O H3O+ ~0 M +x M 0.20 + x M + F 0.20 M

/x = 5.4 x 104 M = [H3O+]/pH = log 5.4 x 104 = 3.27

Calculate the pH of the solution obtained after the titration of 25.0 mL of 0.100 M acetic acid with 10.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH. (Ans. 4.56) CH3COOH (aq) + NaOH (aq)
3COONa

(aq) + H2O (l)

From the balanced equation, 1 mol CH3COOH reacts with 1 mol NaOH. The pH of the solution is determined by the excess of acid or base left over after neutralization/The number of moles of CH3COOH originally present in 25.0 mL of solution is /The number of moles of NaOH in 10.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH solution is /CH3COOH (aq) + NaOH (aq) Initial (mmol) Change (mmol) 1.0 2.5 1.0
3COONa

(aq) + H2O (l) 1.0 1.0 0.0

Final (mmol) 1.5 0.0 1.0/We now have a buffer system made up of the weak acid CH3COOH and the conjugate base CH3COO (from the salt CH3COONa). Ka(CH3COOH) = 1.8 x 105. Using the HendersonHasselbalch equation: /pKa = -log Ka = log 1.8 x 105 = 4.74 /

Electro chem 1 Faraday = charge on 1 mole of electron Buffer problems Ecell = Eoxidation + Ereduction /Kw = [H3O+][OH-] = 1.0 x 10-14 mol/L (at 250C)/Kw = (1.0 x 10-7 mol/L) (1.0 x 10-7 mol/L)/Kw = 1.0 x 10-14 mol/L (at 250C)/pH = -log [H3O+]/[H3O+] = 10-pH /pOH = -log [OH-]/pKw = -log Kw/pKa = -log Ka/pH + pOH = 14.00/Kw = Ka Kb/{H3
/ /

1 Faraday = 9.65 x 104 C (96,500 coulombs) 1 Faraday = 6.022 x 1023 e = 9.65 x 104 C

Thermo / E = qp + w/ /
0 f 0

(products)

(reactants)/

S0(products) f (products)
0

S0(reactants) 0 f (reactants)

/ Suniv

Ssys

Ssurr

1. K+ + F HF + H2O H3O+ + F

Calculate the pH of a solution containing 0.15 M HF and 0.20 M NaF. The Ka of HF = 7.2 x 104. goes to completion equilibrium, Ka = 7.2 x 104

Since HF dissociates completely, [F] from salt = 0.20 M HF Initial Change Equilibrium x M 0.15 x M / pKa = -log Ka = log 7.2 x 104 = 3.1/ / 0.15 M +x M xM + H2O H3O+ ~0 M +x M 0.20 + x M + F 0.20 M

/x = 5.4 x 104 M = [H3O+]/pH = log 5.4 x 104 = 3.27

Calculate the pH of the solution obtained after the titration of 25.0 mL of 0.100 M acetic acid with 10.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH. (Ans. 4.56) CH3COOH (aq) + NaOH (aq)
3COONa

(aq) + H2O (l)

From the balanced equation, 1 mol CH3COOH reacts with 1 mol NaOH. The pH of the solution is determined by the excess of acid or base left over after neutralization/The number of moles of CH3COOH originally present in 25.0 mL of solution is /The number of moles of NaOH in 10.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH solution is /CH3COOH (aq) + NaOH (aq) Initial (mmol) Change (mmol) 1.0 2.5 1.0
3COONa

(aq) + H2O (l) 1.0 1.0 0.0

Final (mmol) 1.5 0.0 1.0/We now have a buffer system made up of the weak acid CH3COOH and the conjugate base CH3COO (from the salt CH3COONa). Ka(CH3COOH) = 1.8 x 105. Using the HendersonHasselbalch equation: /pKa = -log Ka = log 1.8 x 105 = 4.74 /