Week3:27Amendments

6/18/2013

Amendments
1-27 HIST 723

Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights was modeled after the English Bill of Rights which limited the power of the King. The purpose was to protect individuals from the National Government. Bill of Rights does not protect individuals from the State Governments.

Bill of Rights
The purpose of the Bill of Rights is to protect personal freedom and limit the power of the Federal Government. Bill of Rights is the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution.

Week3:27Amendments

6/18/2013

1st Amendment
Often considered the greatest amendment as it protects 5 items Freedom of:
Speech Religion Press

Right to:
Assemble Petition the government

Amendments 2-12
2nd Bear Arms 3rd Quartering Troops 4th Search and Seizure 5th Self Incrimination 6th Rights of the Accused 7th Trial by Jury 8th Cruel and Usual Punishment 9th Protection of Rights 10th Reserved Powers 11th Suing States 12th Presidential Ticket

Civil War Amendments

13th - No Slavery 14th - Citizenship, Due Process, Equal Protection clause 15th - All men can vote These amendments were added while the southern states were in open rebellion. Former Confederate states had to write these amendments into their state constitutions

Week3:27Amendments

6/18/2013

14th Amendment
Citizenship- protects all persons of color and prevents the creation of second class citizens
Controversy today- Immigration Reform

Due Process- provides legal protection to all citizens

Controversy today- Enemy combatants

Equal Protection- protects individuals from State governments

Controversy today- All forms of Discrimination

Selective Incorporation
The Bill of Rights does not protect individuals from the State Governments The 14th Amendments ties the Bill of Rights to the States selectively. Amendments 7,9, & 10 are not applied to the states.

Civil Rights Movement

The legal foundation for the Civil Rights movement is the Equal Protection Clause

Week3:27Amendments

6/18/2013

Progressive Amendments
Two Amendments were added as a result of the Progressive Era 16th Income Tax 17th Direct Election of Senators

Amendments 18-27
18th Prohibition 19th Womens Suffrage 20th Lame Duck Session 21st Repeal of Prohibition 22nd Presidential Terms 23rd Electoral Votes for D.C. 24th Poll Tax 25th Presidential Succession 26th Reduce Voting Age 27th Congressional Pay