1

1. 2. 3. Chemical bonding What is necessary for the formation of ionic bonding? .. The ionic bonding usually occurs between and Using a diagram show how calcium chloride is formed. 6. 7. What enables ionic compounds in aqueous state to conduct electricity? .. Explain why ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in solid state. .. .. 8. 9. .. What enables metals to conduct electricity? .. Explain why ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points. .. .. .. 10. Do covalent compounds conduct electricity? Explain your answer. .. 4. 5. The covalent bonding is between . Draw the bonding in carbon dioxide. .. .. 11. Iodine and diamond both are covalent compounds but iodine has a low melting point while diamond has a high melting point. Explain why this is so. .. .. .. 12. Calcium reacts with chlorine to form calcium chloride. (a) It is known that all halogens exist as diatomic molecules. What does diatomic 6. Draw the bonding in ammonia. mean? ... ... (b) Write the formula of chlorine. ... (c) What type of bonding exists in calcium? (d) Write the chemical formula of calcium chloride

(e) Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the bonding in calcium chloride. (Note:you should show only the outermost electrons) 5. The metallic bonding is between

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(f) Choose one substance that is a giant covalent compound. Give a reason for your answer. 14. Deuterium, D is an isotope of hydrogen, H. An ion of Deuterium has the following structure. (f) Does solid magnesium fluoride conduct electricity? Give a reason for your answer. ....... ........... 13. Use the information given in the following table to answer the questions. Substance Melting Boiling Electrical conductivity when point in C point in C Solid Molten Aqueous A 808 1465 nil good good B -182 -162 nil nil nil C 2580 2850 nil good good D 0 100 nil nil nil E 98 892 good good good F 3550 4827 nil nil insoluble G 3500 4200 good good insoluble (a) Which substance(s) is/are solid at 100C? .. (b) Which substance(s) is/are liquid at r.t.p? (c) Which substance(s) is/are gas at 150C? .. ..
+ -

(a) Complete the following table to show the names and charges of the particles in this deuterium ion. Symbol Charge Name + +1 neutron _ (b) Using the symbol D to represent deuterium, give the formula of (i) the ion shown above (ii) the compound formed between deuterium and oxygen.. (c) Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the bonding between oxygen and deuterium. (Note:- you should show all the energy levels and electrons)

(d) Choose one substance that is an ionic compound. Give a reason for your answer. .. ..

(d) Would you expect the oxide of deuterium to be a solid or liquid at r.t.p? (e) Choose one substance that is a simple covalent compound. Give a reason for your answer. Explain your answer.

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15. An element contains atoms with the electronic structure 2, 8, 2 (a) What is the reason for placing this element in group II of the Periodic Table and why does the element have a valency of two? ... (b) Explain, by reference to the elements position in the Periodic Table, why it is classed as a metal. Choose the best answer. 1. Elements X and Y react to form an ionic compound of formula XY. What could be the proton (atomic) numbers of X and Y? X Y A. 3 8 B. 6 8 C. 8 16 D. 12 16 2. Which substance in the table is an ionic compound? Substance State at room Electrical temperature conductivity at r.t.p A. Liquid Good B. Liquid Poor C. Solid Good D. Solid Poor

(c) In terms of electron arrangements describe the formation of the two different ions in the chloride of this metal (include diagrams)

Electrical conductivity of aqueous solution. Insoluble Poor Good Good.

3.

How does a magnesium atom form a bond with an oxygen atom? A. by giving one pair of electrons to the oxygen atom. B. by sharing one pair of electrons, both provided by the magnesium atom. C. by sharing 2 pairs of electrons, both pairs provided by the oxygen atom. D. by sharing 2 pairs of electrons, each atom donating one pair of electron. Barium and fluorine both combine to form barium fluoride. What type of bonding exists in barium fluoride? Metallic B. ionic `C. covalent D. giant covalent structure. Calcium carbide, Ca2C, has the similar type of bonding to that of A. Silicon carbide, SiC C. Rubidium chloride, RbCl B. Carbon dioxide, CO2 D. Carbon tetra chloride, CCl4 Which of the following is a property of graphite but not a property of diamond? A. Solid at room temperature. C. High melting point. B. Conducts electricity. D. Do not conduct electricity. Which substance has a macromolecular (giant molecular) structure? A. Silicon dioxide C. Oxygen gas B. Chlorine gas D. Bromine gas

4. A. 5.

6.

7.

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8. Part of a periodic table is shown. The letters are not the actual symbols of the element G A D V R J E L M Q 12. Element X has an electronic structure 2, 2. Element Y has an electronic structure of 2, 8, 7. What types of bonding are present in element X and in compound XY2? Type of bonding In element X In compound XY2 A Covalent Covalent B Metallic Ionic C Covalent Ionic D Metallic Covalent 13. The diagram below shows the structure of Lithium bromide, Li +ClKey Li+ Br-

A. B. C. D. 9.

Which statement is correct? When element T and E combines chemically it forms a covalent compound. When element V and G combines chemically it forms a covalent compound. The element M exist as a diatomic molecule. Metallic bonding is present in element J. Which of the following is a property of barium chloride? A. It conducts electricity when in liquid form. B. It does not conduct electricity in any state. C. It is not soluble in water. D. It has low melting point and low boiling point.

10. The table shows the electron structure of four elements. Element Electron structure W 2,8,1 X 2,8,7 Y 2,8,6 Z 2,8,8 Which pair of atoms will form a covalent substance? A. Two atoms of Y C. An atom of W and an atom of X B. Two atoms of Z D. An atom of Y and an atom of Z 11. Which statement about an element, which has seven valency electrons in its atoms, is correct? A. It exists as single atoms. B. It forms a ionic compound with hydrogen C. It forms a positive ion. D. It forms an ionic compound with any group 1 element

Which statement about this structure is correct? A. Each lithium ion is in contact with only four bromide ions. B. Each lithium ion is in contact with only six bromide ions. C. Each bromide ion is in contact with only one lithium ion. D. Each bromide ion is in contact with only four lithium ions. 14. Element X has an electronic structure 2, 4. Element Y has an electronic structure of 2, 8, 6. What is made when X and Y react? type of compound formula A ionic compound XY2 B covalent compound XY2 C ionic compound X2Y D covalent compound X2Y 15. A crystal of magnesium chloride is held together by A. double bonds B. forces of attraction of the oppositely charged ions C. shared pair of electrons D. positive ions in a sea of electrons

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16. Which of the following properties belong to diamond? Melting point Electrical conductivity A -3500 none B 3500 good C 255 none D 3500 none 17. Which statement is true for non-metals? A. They generally form covalent compounds with metals. B. They all exist as diatomic molecules. C. They all are liquid or gases at low melting and boiling points. D. They generally form ionic compounds with metals. 18. Elements W and V react to form a covalent compound of formula WV 2. Which could be the atomic numbers of W and V? W V A 14 8 B 12 16 C 6 17 D 20 9 19. The bonding in nitric acid can be represented by the structure shown. 20. Sand consists of, A. graphite

B.

silicon (IV) oxide

C. petroleum

D.

carbon

21. The table shows the electron structures of four elements. Element Electronic structure P 2, 8, 1 Q 2, 8 R 2, 5 S 2, 8, 7 Which pair of atoms will form an ionic substance? A. two atoms of P C. an atom of R and an atom of Q B. two atoms of Q D. an atom of P and an atom of S 22. Chlorine is an element in Group VII of the Periodic Table. Which of the following is likely to be a characteristic of chlorine? A. it conducts electricity C. it forms diatomic molecules B. it readily forms Cl+ ion D. it exists as single atoms 23. Which pair of elements combines chemically to form an ionic compound? A. Nitrogen and oxygen C. Sodium and bromine B. Carbon and fluorine D. Hydrogen and oxygen 24. Element X has an electronic structure 2, 8, 6. Element Y has an electronic structure 2, 6. What type of bonding would be formed in the compound formed between X and Y. A. covalent bonding C. ionic bonding B. metallic bonding D. dative covalent bond 25. Elements in which group exist as single atoms. A. halogens C. alkali metals B. noble gases D. alkaline earth metals 26. How many covalent bonds does each carbon form in graphite? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

What is the total number of shared electrons in the nitric acid? A. 10 B. 8 C. 24 D. 5

27. Which substance does not have giant molecular structure? A. diamond C. carbon dioxide

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B. silicon (IV) oxide (sand) D. graphite 33. Metals have positive ions in a sea of electrons. Which metal atom provides most electrons for the sea? A. Aluminium. B. Magnesium. C. Sodium. 28. If an atom of an element has six electrons in its outer most shell, A. it forms a positive ion. B. it exist as single atoms C. it forms a negative ion. D. it forms an ionic compound with hydrogen. 29. A crystal of caesium chloride is held together by A. double bonds B. positive ions in a sea of electrons C. forces of attraction of the oppositely charged ions D. shared pair of electrons 30. Which of these statements about covalent bonds is incorrect? A. HCl contains one pair of shared electrons B. CCl4 contains four pairs of shared electrons C. H2O contains three pairs of shared electrons D. NH3 contains three pairs of shared electrons 31. The diagram shows the electron arrangement in a molecule of compound YZ2. Key --- a valency electron of Y electron of Z C.

D.

Zinc.

34. Substance X has a melting point higher than 500C.it is insoluble both in water and in organic solvents. It conducts electricity both in molten and in solid state What could X be? A. copper. B. magnesium oxide. C. polyethene. D. silica. 35. In a fuel cell, hydrogen and oxygen react to form water. Which set of diagrams represents the molecules of hydrogen, oxygen and water? Hydrogen Oxygen Water A.

B.

Y Z Z

atom --- a valency atom

D. Which elements could be Y and Z? Y Z A. argon krypton B. calcium chlorine C. carbon oxygen D. sulphur chlorine 32. X, Y and Z are three elements in the same period of the periodic table. X is a non-metal, Y is a metal and Z is a transition metal. Which is the correct order of these elements in the Periodic Table, moving across the period? A. XYZ B. XZY C. ZYX D. YZX

36. The table gives data about four substances. Which substance could be an ionic compound? Compound Melting point/oC Electrical conductivity in aqueous solution A. 805 Good B. 1474 Poor C. 32 Poor

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D. -73 Good