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miq jok''' wd;au m%;HflaIK Y%Su;a inqoaO;ajh 2600 chka;sh isysm;a lrka Y%S l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:dj msysgqjd jir 60la imsu ks;s flfrk fuu PdhdrEm we;=,;a jkd .%ka:h i|yd mQcH .xf.dv, wh.fiS iajdka jykafia uy`.= fjfyila ord lghq;= fldg we;s nj fmfka' uy fndai;dKka jykafia nqoaO;ajhg m;a jir 2600 la imsu uq,a lrf.k rg mqrd uyd msxl rdYshla ish' Y%S l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:dj tl;= uyd msxl ud,djla wkqrdOmqrr rejkaje,s uyd iE uf is lsug ^2011 cQks 04& iQodkh' ta fjkqfjka fuu wd;au m%;HflaIK k .%ka:h ksl=;a f' wmj;a jod< w;s.re rdclSh mKa; lvjeoaf Y%S kjxYdNsOdk kdhl udysmdKka jykafifa.a PdhdrEm iu`. Wka jykafiaf.a ,sms j, we;s jkd woyia Wmqgd olajka o ;jo ix> mS;Dka jykafia,df.a Pdhd rEm we;=,;a lrka o fuu fmd; ilia we;' kej; kej; kqjKska is;d i;=gqu hk w:h wd;au m%;HflaIKh hk kka m%ldY f' Pkao" ;a;" h" uxid hk Ou uq,a lrf.k ish m%;flaIK isf' tu lreKq y;r uq,a lrf.k lrkq ,nk ish foa id:lh" ufkdayrh' wmj;a jod< w;s.re lvjeoaj udysmdKka jykafia tu lreKq y;r uq,a lrf.k lghq;= l,y' tfiau bjiSu" lreKdj" ffu;%sh" ksy;udkS nj" wjxl nj" W;aidyh" kqjKska lghq;= lsu wd .=Khkaf.ka msmqka ;hla h' Wka jykafiag nqnj m%d:kd lrka fuu iure fmd; ksl=;a flf' wmj;a jod, w;s.re ud;r Y%S {dkdrdu udysmdKka jykafia" wmj;a jod, w;s.re .egudkafka Y%S u,jxY udysmdKka jykafia m%Odk wmj;a jod< ish iajdka jykafia,dg ksjka iem ,efjd' w;s mQcH kqjka.uqf kd.s;dNskkOdk m%Odk iNdm;s udysmdKka jykafiago" w;s mQcH kdWhfka whOudNsOdk ufydamdOHmdh udysmdKka jykafiago" fhda.dY%u jdiS ish

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ix>;khgo ksfrda.S iqj .dis m%d:kd lr' fuu .%ka:h ixialrKh l< mQcH .xf.dv, wh.fiS iajdka jykafiago" uqK ho rE ''''''''''''''''''''''''' msxj;=ka,dgo ksfrda.S iqj .dis m;' Y%S l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:dj nqoaO idikdka;h olajdu f,dj mj;Sjdhs wdYsxikh lr'

fuhg ldreKsl mQcH lyf.d,af,a fidaujxY ia:r" Y%S l,HdKS fhda.dY%u ixia:d uQ,ia:dkh .,aj wdrKH fiakdikh" wn,kaf.dv' 2011'05'20

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zwd;au m%;HflaIKhZ .%ka:hg w;smQckSh kdWfka whOu udysmdKka jykafia iska imhk ,o ,smshla fuys laf'

w;smQcH lvjeoaf Y%S kjxYdNsOdk ufydamdOHdh udysmdKka jykafiaf.a ixlaIsma; p;dm%odkh ud iiqk fuys iq/flkafka hhs iud inq is uqka jrK ,o f is,l inq iiqk iu;a lrkq jia fmre o ms uyd hq. mqreIfhda jkajr my< jQ y' ta is;=re i;amqreI Ks myka fmf<ys ;j;a tla fcda;su;a Ks mykla jeo.;a idiksl is /ilg miq jQ wei< mqr mif<diajla fmda kl ks .sh nj fuys ,d iksgqyka lrkqfha id;sYh Ydik ixf.fhks' Y%S ,xld rdu[a[ uyd ksldhg wkqnoa; Y%S l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:dfjys iuq;amdol yd m%Odk wkqYdil Y%S wdh ,di jxYd,xldr ioaOujd.SYajrdpdh mm;a;s fidaNk .KmdfudlaLdph" rdclSh mKa; w;smQcH" lvjeoaf Y%S kjxYdNsOdk ufydamdOHdh udysmdKka jykafia nq jiska 2547 jekafkys wei< ui mqr mif<diajla fmda k fyj;a jHjydr jI 2003 cQ,s ui 13 jk bre k rd;%S 10'30 g muK ukd isys kqjKska hq;=j wmj;a jod< y' tu Y%S foayh ms<sn| wdodyk mQfcda;aijh cQ,s ui 20 jk bod wn,kaf.dv k.r iNd l%Svdx.kfha is flfrhs' ta ks;af;ka ta uyd mqreIda;a;uhdKka jykafiaf.a mj; b;d flfhka igyka lsug h f uq, mqrkqfha' 1' Wm; iQr" r" Wodr mq;=ka /ila ,la ujqkg odhdo l< reyqKq rg ud;r ia;%slalfhys lvjeoaj .fuys jH' j' 1907 wfm%a,a ui 01 fjksod Wfoa 7'30 g wm l:d kdhlhdfKda fuf,dj Wm; ,o y' mS' fodka mqx wmamqyd iy l%ur;ak idkdhl ydfka ^lmqj ydfka& hk mskaj;a foudmshkaf.a i;rjk nd, u orejdKka f,iska cks; jQ f l=, l=urejkg fodka fkaIa hk ku ;nk ,' 2' uQ,sl wOHdmkh mia ye fha hhk iajNdId mdGYd,djg we;=<;a lrkq ,enQ fkaIa l=ure ma;su;a wkd.;hlg fmr ks;s my< lrjka mia

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jirla b;d olaI f,i tys uQ,sl wOHdmkh ,e h' 3' mdi,ska mkai,g f w;r mqx wmamqyd msh ;=udKkaf.a jeuy fidhqrdKka jQ tjlg hgjr Y%S jOkdrdudm;s j jev iQ .re;r lvjeoaf is iq.=K;siai uyd ia:rhdKka jykafiaf.a Wmia:dkh msKsi oi ye fkaYa l=urejdKka fhduq flrefKa Wka jykafiaf.a fcHIaG YsIH .re mKa;dpdh lelKf is wdh,didiN ia:rhdKka jykafiaf.a uey;a fuks' iq.=K;siai udyshkaf.a kshufhka .re fld;auf,a is ioaOujxi ysmdKka fj;ska fkaYfhda md,s yd ixialD; bf.kSu wdrN l< y' ta w;r l l,la ud;r isux., msfjfkys kej;S iqm;< uyd m` rejkla jQ .re;r mKa; ud;r Y%S OujxY udysmdKka jykafiaf.a fijfkys isma i;r yeoEug jdikdj o fkaYayg ys h' 4' m%jDcHd ,dNh .re iq.=K;siai udysmdKka iska .re wh,di ysmdKkag fkaIa me lrkq msKsi Ndr fok ,j" wejeis uQ,sl nK oy m%.=K fldg .;a ;=ia he;s fkaYfhda jH' j' 1921 wf.dia;= 21 jk od Wfoa iqN fudfydf;ka .re wh,di ysmdKka jev is fydrK mQjdrdfha .re;r iq.=K;siai udysmdKkaf.a WmdOHd;ajfhka yd .re wh,di f;rmdKkaf.a wdpdh;ajfhka tjlg rdu[a[ ksldfha wlrK kdhl OQrh biq w;s.re fldaodf.dv Wmfiak udysmdKka jykafiaf.a mskanr w;ska lvjeoaf kjxY kka me ug nei .;a y' 5' msfjka bf.kqu .re wh,di f;rmdfKda kjxi f;rKmdfKda jer wOHdmkh i|yd miq l,l rdu[a[ ksldfha wkqkdhl moh rE .re;r riakljef is ioaOujxi udysmdKkag Ndr ka y' ta wkqj wm l:dkdhlhdfKda m<uq j mhd., Ou.=ma; msfjfkys o fojkqj riakljef udysmdKka iska u wdrN lrk ,o je,a,j;af;a Ofudaoh msfjfkys o Ou Ydia;% wOHdmkh ,o y' Wka jykafiaf.a olaINdjh fudfkdjg jgyd.;a riakljef udysmdfKda kjxi f;rKmdKka YsIH .=rejrhl= f,i m;a l< y'
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6' Wmimod m%;s,dNh idufKar wjfhys u olaI Ou foaYlhl= f,i lS;shla kd.;a kjxi f;rKmdKkag is jia msrefKka" nq jiska 2471 wei< ui mqr fiaksh ,;a ls k fyj;a jH' j' 1927 cQ,s ui 03 jk k miajre 3'05 g iafia fmd,aj;=fudaor Wol=lafm iSudf tjlg rdu[a[ uyd ksldfhys uydkdhl OQrh rE w;s.re is ioaOudpdh ud;r Y%S [dKskaod iy udysmdKkaf.a WmdOHdh;ajfhka t;=udfKda wYS, ixLHd; Wmimod m%;s,dNh ,o y' 7' kj wdY%uhla we;s lr,Su jH' j' 1929 .re;r riakljef udysmdKkag ,enqKq jia wdrdOkdjla wm l:dkdhl ysmdKkag mjrk ,j" fkdagka %ys wNskj ksfjil jia jeiQ Wka jykafia tjlg ta m<df;a fn!oaO wdY%uhla fkdue;s lf mdvqj l" W.% lf;da,sl Okj;l= i;= bvulska wlalr folla ,ndf.k tys fn!oaO ydria:dkhla f.dv kexjQfha iajlSh wIaGdkh yd ixOdk Yla;sh oyd oks' 8' .%ka:ldr msfjk' .re wh,di udysmdKkaf.a Oudpdh jQ .re;r ls;,.u iS,u, udysmdKkaf.a wmj;afuka wk;=re j Wka jykafia jev is f;nqjk .x.drduhg wh,di udysmdKkaf.a kshufhka jevu l< wm kjxi ysmdfKda jH' j' 1932 .%ka:dlr kka msfjkla tys werUqf YsIHhka mia fofkl=f.ks' lemulska hqla; j tu msfjk hqKq lr .kska mqrd jir wgla u rcfha fyda fjk;a m%n, wdh;khl wkq.%yhlska f;dr j Wka jykafia th mj;ajdf.k .sh y' miqj m%foaYfha uka;%Sjrhd jQ iS' v' v' lkakka.r weu;s;=udf.a fhdackdjlska th rcfha ,shdmx l< o ta i|yd rcfhka ,enqKq wdOdr .ek lsis uiSula fkd l< y' 9' rdclSh mKa; Wmd ,dNh ,dnd, fhys isg u f.kqug oial mE wm ysmdfKda jH' j' 1931 m%dk m%drN Nd.fhka o jH' j' 1940 m%dk uOHu Nd. fhka o jH' j' 1945 m%dk wjidk Nd.fhka o by<ska u iu;a j rdclSh mKa; Wmd,dNfhka iudks; j" jH' j' 1946 tu Nd.h fufyhjQ m%dk NdfIdamldr i;sfha .re idudl;ajh o ,enQ y' ta

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w;r jH' j' 1934 msfjka wjidk mlaIKfhka o by<ska u iu;a jQ y' 10' kj u`.lg fhduq u .%ka:ldr msfjkys hqKqjg uy;a fia fjfyi jk w;r u ;% Ou llhl= f,i kQ lS;sh Tiafia jhsfka kka foiska .,d wd o foiq werhq o bgq lrka ldh nyq, ;hla .; l< wm udysmdKkaf.a wkd.; .uka u`. fy<s fmfy<s l< tla iqfYaIs isoahla jH' j' 1948 fjila mqr mif<diajl fmda k is h' fuk tla ydria:dkhl Ou foaYkdjlg jevu l< Wkajykafia nK uvqfjys / isfha wn, n, jQ lSm fofkl=ka muKla nj gqjd y' lreKq uiQ g k.; yels jQfha wka ish fok u fjila ieris,s kerug k.rhg f.dia is njls' ,dxlsl fn!oaOhkaf.a wdOH;al Y+kH;dj ms<sn| j uy;a fia ixf.hg m;a jQ wm udysmdfKda ;E.a.g iqiq fjila ieris,a,la uefhka is;a ldjk ksnkaOkhla ilid isK m;%hg hejQ y' tjlg isK mf;ys m%Odk l;D;ajh rE yslalvqf ,shkf.a uy;d f ,smsh ms<sn| w;sYhska meye jH' j' 1949 uehs ui 01 jk bod fhKq B<`. fjila mif<diajl k isK mf;ys uq msgqfjys u th m< fldg ;j ;j;a tn ,sms imhk fuka wm udysmdKkag werhq lf<a h' ta wkqj ;;ald,Sk Ydiksl mydksh yd ksjer Ydik mrud:hka w,<d ieliqKq ieye;s fnd is;a wj lrjk ldf,da; ,sms fm<la u isK yd kK m;%j, m< flreKs' f w;r tl, .=jka ,s fiajfhys wOHlaIljrhd o wm udysmdKkaf.a foaYkd ,dYh ms<sn| j meye .ska .g u Wka jykafiag .=jka ,s Ou foaYkd yd WoEik ffu;%S ka;d i|yd wjia:dj i,id kafka h' tla fmdfidka mqr fmda fkl wm udysmdKka wkqrdOmqrfha rejkaje,s iE ufjys isg i j mj;ajk ,o .=jka ,s o foiqu rf uy;a wdkafoda,khlg ;=vq kafka h' fuu iufhys wm udysmdKka jykafiaf.a ka;kfhys fuka u l%shdld;ajfhys o m%n, fjkila is fjka mej;sK' Ou foaYkd yd mqj;am;a ,sms u.ska Wka jykafia ksn|j u wjOdrKh lf<a Ydiksl m%;sixfYdaOkhla is lsug ld,h meK we;s nj h' ;% mskal W;aij" f.dvke.s,s b lsu jeks ndysr l%shdldrl ms<sn| j Wka jykafiaf.a Wkkaj flfuka ySk h'

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f w;r 2500 nqoaO chka;sh <`.d jkakg jQfha rg ;=< buy;a fn!oaO m%fndaOhla we;s lr ,ks' roYS {dkfhka fy wm udysmdfKda nqoaO Ydikfha ria;sh o i,ika nqoaO chka;sh ieuf Wiia u wdldrh k is,aj;a .=Kj;a i`. msila ys lsu i|yd w;a;sjdrula u nj mila fldg .;a y' Wka jykafiaf.a foaYk - f,aLk ish,a, f wruqK fj; talrdYS jkakg h' wm udysmdKka jykafia ,shq lshq ;=<ska m%nqoaO jQ .sys -me i;amqreIfhda /ila Wka jykafia jgd frdla kkg jQ y' ta w;=ka tla iqjrhl= jQ fndafha ' B' fifkr;ak uy;d Wka jykafia ;u ksfjig jvujdf.k > jYfhka idlPd fldg" ms<sfj;a ire i`. msila ys lr,Sf jev ms<sfj<la h;a lrk fuka wm udysmdKka jykafiag f.!rjfhka wdrdOkd fldg" ta i|yd wjYH m wdY%uhla ;u hoka b lr fok njg m%;s{djla o kafka h' tfy;a t;=udf.a wl,a urKh fya;=fjka ta wkq.%yh fkd ,e .sh o" fhda.dY%u ixia:df wdrNh ms<sn| m;% ixl,amh tod uq,a nei .;af;a h' 11' l,K ;=re tl;=jla fhda.dY%u jev ms<sfj<la werf Y=oaO m%d:kh uqkam;a lr .ekSug lemulska tl,d u l%shd;aul jQ wm udysmdKka jykafia fuu Ydiksl jHdmdrhfa uq,iqk bis,Sug iqiq jeys uy f;r kula fidhd .ekSug W;aiql jQ y' f iqi,a j.lSu ug tl u iqiaid k" tjlg foajf.dv chdrdudm;s j flS j jev is" ;%smsgl Ou yd NdId Ydia;% ms<sn| yi< kqulska msmqka j" hgm;a j .sh fm!rdKsl Ndjkd l%u kej; u;= lr .ekSug n,j;a Wkkafjka l%shd;aul jQ" w;smQcH ud;r Y%S {dkdrdu iajdkahka jykafia nj wm udysmdKka jykafia ;SrKh l< y' uq, {dkdrdu udysmdKka jykafia Ndrr ldhh Ndr .ekSug ue,s jQfha" Wka jykafia flSj u iSug fnfyka m%sh l< ksid h' tfy;a miq j wm udysmdKka jykafiaf.a yo mK .kajk wjHdc lreKq lau ;=<ska Toj;a " f Ydiksl lghq;a; fjkqfjka kE u .yla -.,la hg uf.a ;h lem lsug uu iQodk hhs wNS; j mjika ; m;Hd. lrka wm udysmdKka jykafia yd tla jQ f uyd i;amqreIhdKka jH' j' 1992 wfm%a,a ui 30 od wjika iqiqu fy<k f;la u ta m%;s{dj tf,iska u bgq lrka wm udysmdKka jykafiag buy;a msgqn,hla jQfha" fmr iif o fufia tlaju iiqka j fh is njg ;yjqre

16

lrk fiah ^wl .%SIauh mj;sk fgl isis,a fijk fok uyd .ila fuka {dkdrdu iajdka jykafia wmg fijk ka uyd i;amqreI W;a;ufhls hs wm udysmdKka jykafia wmj;a ug foklg fmr mejiQ y&' ta w;r u ue,a,., fhda.drdudm;s j jev iQ m%;sm;a;s.rel uy f;r kula jQ w;smQcH wiau`vf,a r;kmd, udysmdKka jykafia" ;h YsIH .re flfy,amkak, iquk iajdka jykafia" kdru, rejka.slkao wdrKH fiakdikfhys .= l,la ;fmda.=KdOd j jev is w;smQcH oYkdpdh ud;f,a iS,rla; udysmdKka jykafia jeks ;;ald,Sk is,aj;a .=Kj;a uy f;reka jykafia,d o wm udysmdKka jykafiaf.a Wodr jev ms<sfj<g tla jQ y' 12' Y%S l,HdKS fhda.Y%u ixia:dj ia:dms; u fuu l,HdK ;% iud.fuhka jvd;a ffOhu;a jQ wm udysmdKka jykafia ;uka jykafia u wdrN fldg tl=ka is jila ;=< mY%ufhka je hqKq l< .%ka:dlr msfjk;a tys f.da, nd,hka yd odhl msi;a yermshd ;h lsxlr YsIH' miq l,l Y%S l,HdKS fhda.dY%u ixia:df w;sfl xY;a jd.sl ldrl ix> iNdf m%:u iNdm;s OQrhg m;a jQ .re;r .egudkafka u,jxi f;reka jykafia o iu`." ;=ka isjqr" md;%h yd ;,a w;= l=vh muKla f.k wdrKHjdiS ;hlg uq, mqrka fojk wNsksIal%uKhl fhfKa inq iiqk iqrlsk ms<fj;a ire fhda.djpr i`. msila ys lr,Sf uyd> f;kdfjks' jH' j' 1951 ud;= ui 25 od je,a,j;af;a Ofudaoh msfjfkys meje;ajqKq iuqL mlaIKhlska f;dard .;a fhda.dxl=rhka 12 fofkl=ka ta ta ;ekaj, iqiq mqyqKqjla ,ndfuka wk;=rej tu ji cQks ui 18 fjksodg fhKq fmdfidka mqr mif<diajla fmda k wn,kaf.dv fo,aj wdrKH fiakdikfha w;s.re riakljef Y%S ioaOujxY wkqkdhl udysmdKka jykafia fj;ska W;= iiqka meoao ,nd .ekSfuka Y%S l,HdKS fhda.dY%u ixia:dj wdrN flreKs' fu;eka isg fhda.dY%u ixia:df wNsjDoah Wfoid wm%;sy; ffOhfhka yd mQK lemfuka l%shd;aul jQ wm udysmdKka jykafia ;ukg uqyqK mEug jQ ish ndOl iqIalr;d wNsNjkh lf<a ix.%du.; uyd yia;s rdchl= moafoks' w" jeis" msks yd fjfyi

17

fkd ;ld ie;mq ish oyia .Kka jka" we;euqkaf.a weKq neKq wmydi bjika ia:dfkda; m%{dfjka ish .eg - ndOl iukh lrka" iajlSh f,aLk yd foaYkd u.ska ish,a,kaf.a is;a kd .skska" Wka jykafia f.k .sh ta fhdaO jHdhduh flfuka u,a - m, orkakg h' jhsfka kka foi wrKH fiakdik" fl fiakdik ys fjka" ish .Kka ieyej;a l=, orejka me fjka" oyia .Kka" odhl ldrldka tla frdla fjka" w;= m;r ysKq Yla;su;a uyd rella fia Y%S l,HKS fhda.dY%u ixia:dj ia:dms; h' iajlSh Wmimod yd mmd,k lghq;= iajdk j lrf.k hdug uyd ksldfhka wjir ,enqKs' mmd,k lghq;= myiq lr,Su i|yd w;sfl xY;a jd.sl ldrl ix> iNdjla o m;a flreKs' ksiairKdOHdYh u;= lr,k l;sldj;la yd k phdjla o iu; flreKs Ou kh wOHdmkh yd Ndjkd mqyqKqj i|yd ta ta fikiqka iu; fldg .kakd ,' jdIsl ;%smsl Ou mlaIKhla mj;ajd bka iu;a jQjkg iy;sl yd ;Hd. m%Odkh flKs' j;udkfhys fiakdik 125 l muK jev jik oyila muK i`. msilska iuka; jk fhda.dY%u ixia:dj" ka fojirlg fmr mkia jirl iajK chka;sh iurk wjia:dj isheiska gq wm udysmdkka jykafia inq iiqk iq/lSug ;uka jykafia .;a uyd W;aidyh taldka;fhka u iM,j;a we;ehs wukaodkkaohg m;a jkakg we; njg lsis ielhla ke;' 13' nqoaO N+ jkaokdj w;s.re ud;r Y%S {dkdrdu udysmdKka jykafia m%uqL fhda.dY%h i`. msila iu`. jH' j' 1960 wm udysmdKka jykafia fhKq oUj Y=oaO N+ jkaokdj o fuys iksgqyka lsu iqiq jkq we;' 14' iudk m%odk wm udysmdKka jykafia .re knq iudk ms<sn| wfmalaIdjka tl fy<d neyer l< o" Wka jykafiaf.a Wodr Ydik fufyjr w.h ls jia Y%S ,xld rdu[a[ ksldfhka Y%S wdh,di jxYd,xldr ioaOujd.SYajrdpdh hk f.!rj kduh iys; j w;s.re ufydamdOHdh mofhka o" iuia; ,xld wurmqr uyd ix> iNdfjka mm;a;s fidaNk .KmdfudlaLdph hk f.!rj kdufhka o mqok ,o y' tfy;a rdu[a[ ksldfha Wiia;u mohla ysia jQ fgl ta i|yd bm;a

18

jkake hs lrk ,o wdhdpkhka Wka jykafia iqyo j m%;slafIam l< y' 15' ks;H jdih fhda.dY%du ixia:dj wdrNfha O wrKH fiakdikj, jka jr jev is wm udysmdKka jykafia miq lf,l wn,kaf.dv .,af Y%S .=KjOk fhda.dY%u uOHia:dkh iajlSh ks;H jdih i|yd f;dard .;a y' tksid u fuu fikiqk fhda.dY%u ixia:df uQ,ia:dkh f,iska o iu; h' l,la fhda.dY%h fiakdik uq,af,ys u jka ta ta ;ekaj, jev oshqKqjg lghq;= lrka uy;a fia fjfyiqKq wm udysmdKka jykafia ;u frdaodr Ydiksl jHdhdufha ys M, iekis,s iqjfhka ka .,aj uOHia:dkfhys u flS iqjfhka jev ish y' 16' wjika iuh ;fha wjidk Nd.fha uy h fya;=fjka Yrh j, jqj o udysmdKka jykafiaf.a is; jvjvd;a Yla;su;a jQ njla olakg ,enqKs' iajlSh w;scd; YsIH r;akh jk w;smQcH kdWhfka whOu udysmdKka jykafia" .re;r lyf.d,af,a fidaujxi ia:rhdKka jykafia m%Odk fndfyda me isiqkaf.a o fYaI{ ffjoH lS;s .=Kfialr uy;d m%uqL Nla;su;a ffjoHjrekf.a o k jYfhka fuys i|yka fkd l< yels ;r fndfyda jQ ieye;s Wmdil Wmdisldjkaf.a o wfkaldldr Wmia:dkhka fkd u|j ,nd .ekqug ;r wm udysmdKka jykafia Nd.H imkak jQ y' O wdndO ksid lSm jrla u Wka jykafia frday,a.; flreKq w;r ta yeu gl u ta yeu ;ekl u Wka jykafiag by< u ugf Wmia:dk ie,iqfKa udysmdKka jykafiaf.a mqKH Nd.Hh ksidu h' wmj;a ug fokg fmr tk cQ,s ui 11 jk k ikaOHdf ;ukg Wmia:dk l< isiq ore msi wu;d meh 2 1$2 la muK tl .g l:d lrka udysmdKka jyakfia wdYaphu;a m%d;sydhhl fhKd y' k follg jvd ;uka jykafiag j;a fkd jk nj;a" ka fu;k fohka tla frdla j isk nj;a" ;uka jykafia .ek lmd fkd h hq;= nj;a" wd;au m%;HflaIKh ;=<ska ;uka jykafiaf.a is; Yla;su;a lrf.k isk nj;a" ;uka jykafiag lsis u neula - fYaI kElula ke;s nj;a" ;uka jykafia f isiq orejkg mshl= jQ nj;a" f ore msi iu`. tlg ksuk olajd hdu ;uka jykafiaf.a tl u

19

me;=u nj;a" jod< udysmdKka jykafia ;uka jykafia i;= ish foa i`. i;= fldg" ;uka jykafiag Wmia:dk l< yeug mska ka y' ;uka jykafiaf.a jk f;dr;=re /ila o fy<s l< udysmdKka jykafia f ;uka jykafiaf.a wjidk wjjdoh nj;a" th fydka wid ms<smk f,i;a okajd" f Ydik m%;smodj iu.s imkak j .g u lrf.k hkakehs jod< y' cQ,s ui 13 od wmj;a ug l f,djlg fmr tk fmdah yd mlaIh uid" mif<diajl fmda k ksid wdm;a;s foaYkd fldgf.k" ix>hdf.a mdfudla WfoiSu i|yd iajlSh Pkao mdiqoah o kafka uyd isys kqjKska hq;=j h' ta wei< mqr mif<diajl k rd;%Sfha nqoaO Ydikh nnqjd uyd mykla ks .sfha h' j;udkfhys iqfmaY, YslaIdld uy i`. rejk kue;s u,a f.dkafkys tla iqj|j;a u,la ,dk h' ish .Kka ieye;s ;=, orejkg W;a;u Ydiksl m%jDcHdj odhdo l< mskanr foda;la ioyg u wluKH h' iqjyila yoj;a mqnq l< y`vla ksy`v h' iqjyila is;a Toj;a l< wisu;a f,aLk ffY,shlg kej;Sf ;s; jegqKs' oyia .Kka .sys - me isiqkg ohdnr i;amqreI msh;=fula wys hs' tfia j;= w;s.re udysmdKka jykafiaf.a ksu,-wjHdc-pd wdoY imkak fmfj; fufkys fldg wmg i;=gq h yels h' tfyhska udysmdKka jykafia juka l, ksf;dr jod< moafoka fohla keye hs wms is;a ikid .ksuq' wmj;a jod< fndai;aj .=fKdafma;" uyd l,HdK ;% w;s.re mQcksh lvjeoaf Y%S kjxYdNsOdk ufydamdOHdh iajdkafoda;a;uhdKka jykafiaf.a Y%S foayh mduq, mi`. msysgqjd je| kuialdr fldg wms fufia m;uq' uyd iajdkafoda;a;uhdKka jykai" kej; kej; wm w;r bmso wm yeug uyd l,HdK ;%fhla jk fialajd iqj fia nqoaO ldrl Ou imqrdf.k" wixfLhH ixLHd; f,dal i;a;ajhkg wud uyd ksjka fodrgq jr lsug mrfuda;a;u iud inqoaO;ajh u w.ukh lr;ajd

20

zwd;au m%;HflaIKhZ .%ka:hg w;smQckSh kdWfka whOu udysmdKka jykafia iska imhk ,o ,smshla fuys laf'

fhda.dY%udm;s" uyd luGdkdpdh" w;smQckSh kdWhfka whOudNsOdk ufydamdOHdh ud ysmdKka jykafiaf.a mKsjqvh kfuda ;iai N.jf;d wryf;d iud inqoaOiai

msfhda p .re NdjkSfhd - p;a;d p jpk .NSr[ap l:d l;dld - fkd pgGdfk kfhdfcyS ^ix' ks'&
iS,d l,HdK ;% .=Kfhka m%sh ukdm jQ iS, iud m%{d wmamsP;d ika;=;d m%fls;d hrNld wixi.;d kdkd .=K fYaIhkaf.ka iNdjkSh jQ" w:fhka Oufhka kfhka wkqYdikd lrkakd jQ" fld;rjQo kskaod wmydi .ck ;ck kmqre jpkm: jqj;a uyd isys kqjKska wjdikh lrkakd jQ" w:fhka Oufhka .eUqre jQo idrOufhka fya;= lreKq WodyrK iys;j wkqlmd fmrj lshd fokakd jQ" ;DIaKd oDIa udk jefvk iir lg jefgk wk:odhl lghq;= j,ska j<lajd iS, iud m%{d OHdk wNs{d oYkd{dK Ou{dk Ndjkd {dk jefvk hym;a ms<sfj;ays fhdokakd jQ" l,HdK ;%hka jykafia lSu-weiSu-isyslsu-weiqrelsu-wkq.ukh lsu fuf,djg mrf,djg ksjkg ys;iqj msKsiu fya;=jkafka br t<sh i|t<sh ;=,ska ,efnk m%fhdackh fuks'

;F: l:ud l,HdK;a;;d - fh f; mq.a.,d ioaOdimkakd iS,imkakd iq;imkakd ;Hd.imkakd m%[diys;d hd f;ix mq.a.,dkx wdfijkd ksfijkd ixfiajkd Ndkd iNckd N;a;s whx jqp;s l,HdK;a;;d'
l,HdK ;% im;a;sh k ljfo@ h W;= mqoa., flfkla wp, Y%oaOdjkao isjqmsis YS,imkako Ou kh wd.u w.u ms<sn| nyqY%e; imkako fkduiqrej ;Hd. imkako .NSr m%{dfjka iukakd.;o tjeks W;=uka Y%oaOdj fya;=fjka ffu;%S iys; wdorfhka wdY%h lsu" f.!rjfhka wdY%h lsu" ks;r wdY%h lsu" Ndckh lsu f.!rjfhka Ndckh lsu" Nla;su;a u" f.!rj im%hqla;j Nla;su;a u" tjeks W;=ukag keUqrej wdY%h lsu l,HdK ;%;ajhhs' oYn,dOd

21

ij{hka jykafia mgka w;S;fhys nqiiqk nqnqjka jevis w.i uyi wd ufyda;a;uhka jykafia,df.a p;dm%odk isysm;a lsu" uE; Nd.fhys jevishd jQ Ydik NdrOd wdpdh WmdOHdhd l,HdK ;%hka jykafia,df.a p;dm%odk isysm;a lsu iy wkq.ukh lsu iajlSh .=K kqjK hqKqjg fya;=jk wkqiai;dkq;a;hls'

rx mfiai iqfK rx - frk iy ixjfi frk ,,dm i,a,xmx - ;x lfr ;[ap frdpfha ;s ^phd msgl wlS' p'&
uyd fndai;a;ajhka jykafia iska m%d:kd lrk ,oafoa by; .d:dfjys i|yka m(

l,HdK ;%hka jykafia kula olskag ,efjd tjeks l,HdK ;%hka jykafia kula .ek wikakg;a ,efjd tjeks l,HdK ;%hka jykafia kula wdY%hg ,efjd tjeka l,HdK ;%hka jykafia kula iu`. l:d lr.ekSug ,efjd tjeks W;=ukaf.a wdY%h Nckh WmfoaYhu b;du;a wdorfhka ms<s.kafkla fjjd
fuu .%ka:fhka iajkqfha wdoYj;a l,HdK ;% ufyda;a;uhka jykafiaf.a PdhdrEm ?ils' fjd fofk;ska lSf ks;e;skau we;s jkqfha wiS; wkqiai;dkq;a;hls' ienksu is,aj;a .=Kj;a W;=ukaf.a oYkh ;a;m%idohls' iir fllrka ksjkg im fjka iiqka ms<sfj;a msfuys fkdmud jQ tu l,HdK ;% ufyda;a;uhdKka jykafia,dg wmf.a f.!rjdpdr W;a;udx. kuialdrh mQcdfjd fuh ixialrKh l< ieug w;s W;= l,HdK ;% .=KialdOh uqkam;a fjd

i;x iud.fud fyda;= - hdj ksndk m;a;shd fuhg" fu;e;s whOu

22

Y%S ,xld rdu[a[ uyd ksldfha ufydamdOHdh" Y%S l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:df m%Odkdpdh" ;s., ksiairK jk wrKH fiakdikdm;s yd m%Odk luia:dkdpdh" ;s., Y%S {dkdrdu Oudh;kfha m%Odk wkqYdil hkd mo fynjQ"

w;smQcH ud;r is [dKdrdudNsOdk uyd iajdkafda;a;uhdKka jykafiaf.a

k fmdf;ka'''

udf.a .re lghq;= nqmshdKka jykafiaf.a ore jQ" flf,ia n, uqj m,jd yer Wodr jQ mQcH ika;dkfhka fyhd jQ Ydmq;% - uyd fu!oa.,Hdk - wkqreoaO - wdkkao - kkao - rdyq, - uyd ldYHmd uyry;ka jykafia,d mqre l< fY%aIaG m%;sm;a;s ud.hg nei" b;d fydka ta mqre fldg" hqKq fldgf.k hdug uu ;rfha wIaGdk lr .ks uu ;rfha wIaGdk lr .ks uu ;rfha wIaGdk lr .ks idOq idOq idOq
^1967'5'16&

^ldhsl& j,;djka /filska fm<s - fm<S jqjo uf.ka isjkafka f Ydik ix.%yfhls' uf.a yqiau l msgfjk ;=re f W;= Ydiksl fiajdj uf.ka imsfjdhs uu m%d:kd lr' wjqre 74 l ld,hla j;a bjrhs' ,enqf 75 jeks jirhs' f ye;a;E y;frka oyhla yefrk g uf.a ;h f.jqfKa iiqk fjkqfjks' meje;ajQfha iiqkg ,enqKq fohsks' b;ska f weg" uia" f,a ish,a, u iiqk ksid ,o tajd fkdfo@ tfyhska f uq isrer u iiqk fjkqjg lem lsug ue,sh hq;= fkdf'
^1975'12'14&

wudrej wef`.a-mf;a fkoa" fkdlshd u W;aidyfhka l:d lf<' f i;aidyh ksjka i|ydh inq iiqka hqKqj i|ydh' tl mqoa.,hl=g fyda Oufha ksis wjfndaOhla jqjfyd;a uek hk woyi ks;r u ud is;a ;=< n, mj;ajkafkah'
^1978'1'6&

wkqkaf.a hym;g" uf.a hhs lshk f isref mfo rEmdh;khka ;=<ska kslafuk iq<x /,af,lska fyda mSvdjla fkdfjd yye fkdk lsisjl=f.a .=Khla Tijd laug lsis W;aidyfhla fkd.ks' w.=Khka .ek ljr l:do@ yels;dla rg" fyd|hhs i,lk wkqkaf.a jevg bv mfilg ug uu ks;ru iQodk fj' wmsis wkaoka lrk Ydiksl fyda ndysr fyda jevg inkaO fkdug uu W;aidy .ks' tn ;eka iu. ;sfnk inkaOh o lvd ou'
^1982'6'16&

Oufha n,h m;' uu Ouh rls' Ouh ud is; rlSjd' ne f|ajd ne ksid is;a ;ejq,a fkdfjd
^1979'10'6&

24

ia:dk /lSf woyia ud ;=< fkdjefjd mqoa.,hkaf.a wOHd;au hqKqjg uf.ka Wmldr ,efjd ud flfrka ksl=;ajk yqiau l o wkqkaf.a wOHd;au hqKqjg Wmldr fjd msfia hqKqj wOHd;au hqKqjhs' f hqKqj fkdie,fif;d;a ud fuys jikafka l=ugo@ f ia:dkh l=ugo@ f Wmia:dk l=ugo@
^1978'4'6&

uu uf.a is;a i;ka l,nd fkd.ks' ish i;ayq iemhg leu;s fj;s hkq uu ks;r fufkys lrkafk' W;=ukaf.a ie Tyq ffjr fkdyk;s' .=K ols;s' kq.=K fkdols;s' frdaOh yiq fkdlr;s'

^1975'8'14&

^1962'7'3&

wm.%y;ajh ks;r is;g k.d .; hq;= Wiia u .=Kfhls' ;udf.ka msysg ,nd .kafkda o" ;uka msysg n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafkda o" ;udf.a ms<s.= ,eh hq;= w[a[dKl-i[a[dKl foa o m.%yhg we;=<;a fj;s' fjdhska is; ksoyia lr .ekSu ;a; mdY=oafha Wiia u ud.h nj i,lkq'
^1962'6'24&

wkqka ;udg wjk; lr .ekSug .kakd W;aidyhg jvd wdOHd;au ika;dkh flf,iqkaf.ka re fldg ;nd .ekSug W;aidy .; uek'
^1962'2'3&

flf,ia nr f,dl=u nrh' oY wl=Y,hkaf.ka is; fjka f isf;a my< jkafka f,dl= ikaisfuls' lhg o th fkhs' kSjrKhka bj;a jQ is; ;j fldf;la Ydka;o@ flf,ia uq,af,ka bj;a jQ is; kshu Ydka;h'
^1982'2'17&

Tf m%.;shg iudch ndOl hhs lsisfgl;a fkdis;kq' tla wf;l mdrla jeiS k ;j;a wf;l mdrl we we;' Tf msg;aug jeiQ mdr ndOlhhs fodia k.ka kqiqiq ;ek .;lsu fkdj" wereKq

25

mdr Tiafia .uka lsuh iqiq' ;SrKhg blauka fkdh hq;='

^1962'10'19&

fn!oaOlu foajd;auhla ,nd.ekSu jeks mqx fohlg iSudlr .ekSu" ta fn!oaOlf ,xiqj wvqlr fuls'
^1960'8'1&

iudchla ;=< mj;kh my<u iajNdlh' th Bg wh;a idOdrK;djka wkqjh' W.;a Woh th fyd| w;g yrjd .; hq;=h' tla ;efkl we;s c,ialkaOh Wka fyda hka fyda me;srhdu tys iajNdjhhs' th m%fhdackh i|yd fhdod .ekSu keKj;dg whs;sh'
^1960'1'25&

krl ksyd krl hhs whska lsug jvd Tyq yod .ekSug uykais .ekSu fyd|h' tfy;a Tyqf.ka f th lsu myiq ke;' mdr Ouhka mqrd .ekSug fuys fhu uek'
^1961'1'17&

inq iiqfka ke.Su;a yeu;a m%;sm;a;sfhka imqK h hq;=h' miqj .=Kh .djd .ekSfuka tys kshu whs;sh fkd,ef'

^1962'1'2&

ye woyia ksid .e<mS th inkaOh" m fkdfjk ;r iarh' ndysr iq fohla ksid th fkdle,fUk fyhsks'
^1961'1'31&

Tn msis fkdjla is;la mj;ajkakg ksn| W;aidy orkak' Tf yeu l%shdjla u fkdjla jkjd we;'
^1962'1'6&

nqiiqka jev ms<sfj< werUqfKa ndysr WmlrKhka hqKq lr .ekSug fkdf' wdOHd;al .=K hqKqj m%Odk lrf.kh' ixidrfha flf;l=;a ndysr WmlrK ,efnkakg we;' tajd kakg we;' f nqiiqk ,n nj jpkfhka fldf;l=;a lsh;s' is;ska f iajNdjh fyd|g ie,lSu w: iys; nj jegfyhs' nqoaOqmamdfod ,a,fNd hhs lshka ndysr jevg - foag is; fhdojkakg ne nj ug yef`.hs' fkdkj;ajd wdOHd;al .=K hqKqjg Wmfhda.S jefvys fhug k
26

f ,N lerKq .ek ks;r is; fhu l< hq;=h' nqrcdKka jykafia klg lSm jrla iq.f;dajdoh jYfhka fjd w,<d f.k foaYkd lsu .ek o wm iska is;a fhou fyd|h' flf,iqkag bv ,efnkafka m%udo fodaIfhks' m%udoh" l=iS;lu hk fjd lg fya;=h'
^1978'7'31&

iud inqoaO Ydikh /l.ekSu me mlaIhg muKla fkdj .sys mlaIhg o whs;s jevla nj fkdi,lk ie fmfkhs' me mlaIh iiqka jefvys fkdfhfok g" .sysfhda iiqka .=Khka ;ud ;=< ke;sj ;sfnoau lE.i;s' ;u ys;j;a meoaoka iiqka jev msfy,k g ksy`vfj;s' ;uka ;=< iiqka .=Khka jOkh lr .ekSf woyila Tjqka ;=< ke;' fuhska iiqka msfy,Sf jrog fldgialrejka fia .syshka o ie,lsh yelsh' fufia fome;af;ka fome;a;g fodia k.d,Su o iqiq ke;' tl;= talu;slj iiqka .=K jvuq'
^1978'5'24&

merKs iajdka jykafia,df.a ;;ajh" wOHd;auh b;d msish' ldujia;+yq" ys;j;a;=" {d;Syq" hii Wkajykafia,dg m<sfndaOhy' tfyhska ks;r u is; ;:d.; foaYs; Ouhlg u fhdodf.k iSu Wkajykafia,df.a is; h' tl;= jQ wjia:df o Ou l:djla .ekSu ksrdhdYfhka isjkafkls'
^1978'6'11&

zm%udKh blauf.k is;Su mydkshg fya;=jkq we;' f WmfoaYh j;udk ; foi ne,Sfuka uekka Tmamq fjhs' ;h k jQ wdhq ixialdrhka f.fjkafka b;d f.fhks' f f.h mrudKqjla ;=< p,kh foi i,ld ne,Sfuka Tmamq fjhs' ;a; f.h okakd mrud: Ouh okakdg fuh uekka jgyd .; yelsh' f ;r blaukska f.fjk kdu rEm Ouhkaf.ka jevla .kakjd k Ouhl th fhdokq' ksl jevlg ke;s foag th fkdfhdokq'
^1978'5'10&

ixialdrhkaf.a - hk iajNdjh ks;r jegfyk g is; fld;r wm%udofhka fj<d .kakjdhs lsh yelsh' fuys u o jegfyhs' thska uy;a h ye`.=fula my<fjhs' f ixialdr l+vqj mj;ajd .ekSug l<-lrk m%h;ak o fudavl o jegfyhs' f ;fha fld;r fudavl l<do@
27

flf,iqkaf.a n,mEu ksid isjk yeu mdm l%shdjlg u fudavl hhs lSu iqiqh' fudayfha n,mEu we;s fyhsks' fudayfha n,mEu ke;ak f,daN - fodai fol fu;r oreKq ke;'
^1979'5'17&

W;aidyh fkdlvjd lsfuka ,efnk m%;sM,h wdYaphcklh' tys Wiia wudkqIsl n,fhla ;sf'
^1962'3'11&

;h mj;ajd .ekSu k ludfhka fkdlvjd ,efnk wkqn,h uehs' h fgl wkqn, fldgi lv k ;h o lv f.dia we;' tfy;a ;hg fuhg jvd wkakdOdrldrlfhda ;sfofkla jkakdy' YS,h" iudh" m%{dj hk ;=khs' f yd ks;r ,sh,ka mj;akd ;h b;d Wiia tlla jkafkah'
^1961'4'1&

Ouh flfrys ie,ls,a, olajk ;rug u Ouh ta mqoa.,hdg ie,ls,a, olajk ie fmfkhs' Oufhka ,nd .; yels Yla;sh Wiia tlls' tfia u b;d msish' Ou Yla;sh ,nd.ekSug mqoa.,hd ye h hq;=h' ysi u; fkdfhla l=Kq-lkao,a je hqKqjla lr .ekSug Oufhys Yla;sh ,nd .ekSug uykais .ekSu f wkqj uy fudavlula j. f;are .; ukdh'
^1978'11'13&

isf;a mgka .efkk n,l u.yrjd .ekSug k isysh fydka fhoh hq;=h' ixidr m%jD;a;sh ms<sn| ixf.h we;a; jYfhka u mj;ajd.; hq;=h' fld;r nel ;snqK;a tajd ksid jrolg hg h hq;= fkdf' iq jrolska jqj o is;g ,efnkafka flf,iqkag bv i,id fuls' wKqu;af;aiq jfiq Nhoiaidhs jodf<a f ksidh'
^1966'1'10&

fhda.djprhd k ;a; Ndjkdjla f.k hkakdh' Tyqg msysg msis iS,hhs WmlrK flia:dkh hs l%shdj ;ekam;aluhs' f lreKq ;sfnoa thska jev i,id fkd.kakd" mudjg je msySf u. .;a n, mq`.=f,ls'
^1964'10'1&

28

YS, Y=oah imQK jQjl=g thska uofhla my< fjhs' Tyq iska ;u YS,fhka i;=gq fjka lreKdj - ffu;%sh - .ek is;sh hq;=h' wmamsP;d-ika;=;d-mfl;d-wixi.a.;dh ;ud ;=< jef o" iudh ;ud ;=< ;sf o" oYkd kqjK ;ud ;=< my< ;sf o lshd fufkys l< hq;=h' ta .=K ;ud ;=< ke;ak YS,h wimQK nj ie,lsh hq;=h'
^1968'6'15&

f,dalh ysf;ka nodf.k ys; ;ekam;a lr.kak neh' th is;ska whska l< uek' tl, ys; yeu myiqh'
^1967'1'9&

wdkdmdk ukisldrfha ta jdhqj uekka fka k" ;j-;j;a rg tys u is; ne| ;nd .; hq;=h' fj,djl mqrd me;sfrka o fj,djlg hka;ka o jegfyhs fkhs' fun wjia:df inldh mixf h hq;=h' i;sh n,fhka mj;ajd .; hq;=h' le le mj;skq fkhs' w;rla ke;sj fkhs' msg;g is; jkafka ke;sj mj;shs' uq isrer tl u jdhqf.da,hla fia fkhs' wdkdmdk p;=: OHdkh Wmojd .ekSug n,j;a W;aidyhla l< ukdh' W;aidyh jevQ ;rka u iM, fkdf' th lv fkdfldg" w;ka jefgkakg fkd jeh hq;=h' boamdo ;;ajhg meKSfuka miq f,fyisfhka OHdk ,efnkq we;' f w;r W;aidy f.k fndfyda fokd jev kj;ajkakdy' Ndjkdj fld;r l<;a f ld,fha yhkafka ke;ehs hk oDIah .ks;s'

^1982'4'6&

Ydka; f,dafld;a;r Ou rih kaokh l<yqg m%:u OHdkh ksid my<jk ;a; iqLh b;d iqh' f ksid f;are .; yels jkafka f,dflda;a;r Ou rih ykd.; yels njhs' yek.;a f,daflda;a;r Ou iqjh jkdys wka yeu iemhla u mrojk ie ie,lsh yelsfjhs' u.a.dm;af;d Ofud hkq i,lkq' ud. Ouhka ^f,daflda;a;r& my< f m%;smlaIhka wE;g ;,a lrka" m%ySk lrka" wm;sNdjh mj;ajka mejf;k ie fmfkhs'
^1978'8'24&

29

fhda.djprhka fl fikiqka fidhd hkafka m,d;ajdiS .syshkaf.a u`.=,a" wju`.=,a wdhg inkaO mskal lr fuka Tjqkaf.a l= uy;a jevg hg jdih lsug fkdf wNHka;r .=K oy iuQyhla fkdlv fldg /l n,d .ekSu i|ydh'
^1960'4'10&

iudcfhka fjkaj iSu fhda.djpr iajNdjh h hq;=h' tfy;a tn ;;ajhla /lf.k mj;ajd .ekSu Ialr ;sf' iudcfhka imQK wE;aula i,id .; fkdyels jk fyhsks' iqfjka fyda iudch yd iyfhda.h m<sfndaOlrh' iudcfha je fldgi wd;aud:ldyqh' kqjK u| whh' tn iudchlska msis .;s mej;= n,dfmdfrd;a;= u o kqjKg yqre fkdjkq we;'
^1982'1'2&

m%isoah ,nd .ekSu is;ska f.k fyd| fyd| m%;sm;a;s u" Ou idlPd yd m%Yak pdrK - ickhka meje;au" mqyq jev fia ug jegfyhs' fuhska mqoa.,hkaf.a ;;ajh my; jefgkafka mgka .;a m%;sm;a;sh;a iu.h' ,dN-i;aldr-isf,dalhka kskaokSh;ajfhka nqmshdKka jykafia iska fy,d olakd ,oafoa we;=<;ska we;s f krl me;a; ksiduh' ,dN - i;aldr - isf,dal hk f fldgia <`.d jkafka msis .=Khg we;s wksjdh inkaOh fya;= fldg f.kh' tfy;a tajdfha iar - idr;ajhla .Kka .;af;da msyqKy' nqoaO ld,fha u fndfyda Wiia m%;sm;a;s fmkakdf.k ish fld;r fokd yisfha msyS .shdyqo@
^1982'4'8&

oYkd Ndjkdj wkqkag lshd fokakg hkakd ;=< msysh hq;= .=Kdx.hka Tyq okafka ke;ak" fkdk thg niS k" fyf;u fudavfhls ke;ak j[aplfhls' msis ffkhHdKsl ;:d.; Ouh ;udf.a ,dNhla i|yd fhdojd,Su nrm;< mdmfhls' fun foag ke hkafkda o fndfyda fj;s' tfy;a ld,slh'
^1978'5'2&

30

flf,ia fm/<sj,g is; bv fkd;nkq' 1' ;l f.h n,j;s' th uev .ekSug i;sh wdjYHlh' 2' wd;au j[apkh fydka i,ld .; hq;= lrefKls' 3' .=Khlf.a fYfhka mek k.sk w.=K rdYsh Tn f;are .; hq;=h' 4' ;udg m;a fokdjla ;udf.a ys;j;dg lSfuka tys nr wvqfjhs' rfhda fuh fkdlr;s'
^1960'1'28&

ka we;s foh md lrkak' ka isk ;ekska mgka .kak'

f lshqj, we;=,a me;a; b;d .eUqreh' l< hq;= jev .ek is; is;d isu fkdj tys fhu Tf lD;Hh h hq;=h' thg ld,h .ek fidhka bkak kElula ke;' r-r woyfils'
^1971'6'15&

;ud okakd ;r fyd| foa wkqkayg o ug i;amqreIfhda W;aidy .ks;s'

^1963'3'3&

OHdk ;a;hla ms<sn| ksiel wjfndaOh wkqkaf.a l:dfjka fyda m; - fmdf;ka fyda ,eh yels fkdf' th ;ud ;=< Wmojd .ekSfuka u isfjkq we;' OHdk Ndjkdf blauka fkdh hq;=h' bjidf.k ks;a;g is; fhh hq;=h' mlu ks;a;djia:dj" W.a.y ks;a;djia:dj" mNd. ks;a;djia:dj hk f wjia:d ;=fka u blauka fkd h iu;dj f;are f.k jevl< hq;=h' mQjlD;Hh uekka is l< hq;=h' tys we;s idrj;a nj .ek Tn Yajdih ;eh hq;=h' ksiaidr foaj,a lshd whska fkdl< hq;=h' f lshkafka w;alS Wvh'
^1982'1'20&

fuk ;ka ixidl wkNsr;sfhls' flh Yoj,ska ms we;' f ndOl ueoafoa uf.a jev o w;miq l< hq;= fkdf' ffu;%sh je' miaikdj je' ilaufka i;r Od;+kaf.a

31

l%shdld iajNdjh m%lg jk fia o" w;r;=r kej;S isgf.k ldh fldgia fjka fjka lr .kska ta ta fldgia miaikdjg ke.Sfuka o" f miaikdj mj;ajd,S' fuys Y+kH;d oYkh yd okd {dk ,e'
^1983'8'6&

uy frdayf,a" f mirfha jdih lhg fyda is;g fyda myiq ke;' tfy;a jdih l< hq;=j ;sf' mirhla myiq jdihla njg m;a lr .ekSug lreKq /ila we;' 1' iqL fokdjg .scq fkdu" u;a fkdu' 2' laL fokdj ksid fkdfm<Su' 3' WfmalaLd fokdf Ydka; rih f;are f.k isu' 4' fokd ;;ajh uekka fufkys lsug iu;a nj yd tys fhu'
^1982'3'11& ^1979'7'5&

uf.a myiqj i|yd wkqkag wmyiql u ug iqiq ke;'

;ukaf.a jer ishhla wu;l lr fyd|g y.sh tlla u;=lrf.k oyiajr lshd mdk we;e mqoa.,hkaf.a wd;au jKkd foi uiq kqjK fhdokak' blaukal fya;=fjka ish .Kka mdvq |" jev jroaod.;a mqoa.,hka foi n,d wkqlmd is; Wmojd .kakg mqre jkak' wka fyd| jevg ndOd fkdf k tlish tlajk jdrfha;a Tyqg Wojq fokak' l,ska is jQ jer bm;a fldg Tyqg fodia k.kak fkdhkq' ys; ;,kakg fkdhkq' hlsis fhlska Tyqg 102 jdrfha fyda yefokakg bv ;sf' lreKdj fla msysg u hs' ke;ak" lreKdj - kshu lreKdj iudcfhka w;=reoyka jkq we;'

32

 bjiSu .ek o Tf ffu;%sh .ek o fufia is;kak' jeyshkaf.ka ,efnk iq foh o mQcH fohla fia i,lkak'
^1982'2'22&

fkdfhla fha ixlSK me ;hla ;=< l%l hqKqj ,Nh'

^1982'4'10&

fkdfhla fha jevj,ska msfrk ;dmi ;h m%Odk wruqK hg lrf.k ishs' fuhghs msySu lshkafka' wfma NslaIq ;hg o f ;;a;ajh isfjhs' ^mkai,a& ydr fikiqkaj, jik NslaIQka jykafia,d b;du;a bjis,su;a fj;s' hfhka hqKqh' ixjr YS,hkg ;ekla fkdu ta mskaj;=kaf.a wvqmdvqjhs' wrKH fl fikiqkaj, jik whg YS, ixjrh we;sjkakg ms<sjk' th;a ke;sk jevlg ke;shka jkq we;' f msfia ixjrh .ek meyeKq .sys fn!oaOhka ydr fikiqkaj, jik meoaokaf.ka lrjd .kakd mskal wdh f whf. ka lrjd .ekSug ud.h yod .kakd ie fmfkhs' fuhska isjkafka msySfuls' fomi .efuls' f nj i,ld fun jevj, kqjKska i,ld jev lrf;d;a uek' fl mirh IKh jk jev f;are f.k l%shd l< hq;= nj is;g .; hq;=h' ,dN - i;aldr - isf,dalj,g hg fkdh hq;=h' w[a[d ys ,dN+mksid - w[a[d ksndK.dks'
^1982'2'11&

me ;h id:l lr .ekSug k neye fudk hqKqjlaj;a fkdj" YS, - iud - m%{djka ;ud ;=< hqKqjg m;alr .kska wkqka ;=< o ta .=Khka jefvk fia lghq;= fhuh l< hq;af;a' oYkd Ndjkd l%uh uekka mj;ajd f.k hdug b;d fyd| imamdh jev ms<sfj<la fuys ^ksiairK jkfhys& fhdod we;' Ydikh .ekj;a Ndjkdj .ekj;a lsis;a fkdo;a fudavhkaf.a lfgd l:d ksid f msis jev ms<sfj< lsis f,ilskq;a fjkia l< hq;= fkdf'

^1978'3'13&

^1970'2'10&

33

iiqka fl; irelsf m%;s{dj wkqj iiqkg nei.;a we;e n, mq`.=,ka th jkid ug uykais .kakd ie fmfkhs' y laula ke;s fyhskehs is;' nq iiqfka ,n nj yd iiqka ms<sfj;g nei .ekaf Ialr;dj;a f;are .ekSu fudjqka iska l<ukd uQ,sl jevh nj f;are lr hhq;=j ;snqfKah' tfy;a th ;ud iska ie,l+ iehla fyda wkqkaf.ka W.;a iehla fkdfmfkhs' fudjqka hk u. ljfhs fudjqyq oks;shs fkdis;'
^1978'8'19&

iiqka jka mq`.=,kayg ms<sfj;ska f;dr mh;a;sfhla fkd,ef' tfia lrkakg hf;d;a th iiakg we;=<;a fkdjQ jefvls' mh;a;sh m%;sm;a;shg jvd Wiia nj y`.jk l:d mqj; fu;ekg fkd.e<fmhs' ,dNdYdfhka uevqKq" f.ayis; ixlmam jevqKq" mq`.=,kaf.a l;d fuhska bj;g ;,a f'
^1962'3'10&

fudfyd;lg miq whs;sh ke;sfjhs' tfy;a ishjia .Kklg whs;sl is;hs'

^1969'5'31&

Ndjkdf fhfok yd fhug leue;s .sys Woh o fndfyda fia bkakd nj fmfkhs' iir h olakd NslaIQka w;r f woyia r, ug fya;=j lsfulao lshd f;are .ekSu Ialrh' ,shk fmdf;a;a lshk nfKa;a we;e g Tjqyq kshu ;;= fmkajd fo;s' tajd l%shdf fkdfhfokafka ljr fyhskao@ ta Ouh Tjqkg Yajdi ke;=jo@ l%shdf fhj;a fkdfhj;a" lSu fyda ,suj;a l<;a we;s' we;eyq fuys we;a; hgm;a lrkakg n,j;a W;aidyhla .kakdy' wfyda" inq iiqk
^1975'8'18&

fndfyda fokd Ndjkdf f;dr;=re wi;s' ta inkaO fpkh lr;s' fmd;g fodia lsh;s' Ndjkdf fkdfhfo;s' f wyl ouk ld,h Ndjkdf u fhdokjd k Tjqkayg Wiia m%fhdackhla .; yelsfjkjd we;' fuh wkqkaf.ka wid.;a hla fkdjk fyhska tla;rd m%;HlaI wjfndaOhlehs u lsh hq;=h' fuh iq fohla iehghs wo fndfyda fokd i,lkafka' wdOHd;al hqKqj jkdys kshu hqKqfjls' thg ys; fhfokafka o msfka n,hlska uehs' mska uo Wohg th fkd.e<fmhs fkdfmfkhs fkdfkhs'
^1978'5'23&
34

fhda.djpr ;h f,dje;s yeu ;hlg u jefhka W;= f' th wd;aud:ld jefvlehs lshkafkda Oufhys wkaOfhdah'
^1980'3'12&

msf.k tk f,dalhg wdOHd;al ;;ajh ms<sn| w;agq mdv lshdug Yla;sh we;a;ka r,u Ouhg n,j;a mdvqfjls' tla tla flkdf.a ye`.S Wv ,shQ m; fmd; Tiafia" ;lfhka ,shQ ,shqj,ska" t;r jefvla fhs is;d.ekSu wudrehs' tla Ndjkdjla wkqj hqKqjg .sh flkl=ka fjf;d;a th o b;d Wiia fiajhla fjkjd we;'
^1962'6'6&

oy ;;=j uekka fidhd .kakg k oyys ksn| fhu l< ukdh' oyfuys fhKq mskaj;=ka oy ms<sn|j l< jekq tfll= ksfndreh' w;sYfhdala;s fkdf' oy yrh fkdo;a mqyqka f,dalhd th w;sYfhdala;s hhs whska lrkakg W;aidy .ks;s' Ouh fuf,dka w;=reoyka fjkafka fuf,ighs'
^1962'10'29&

NslaIq ;h ia;r lrkakd nqoaO Ouh we;=<;ska o; hq;=h' fufia ke;=j lsfuka ia;r niskafka woy u.lgh' NslaIqj;a Tyqf.a jev;a ld,dkql+,j ixialrKh u iqiqh' tfy;a th Ydik mrud:hka fkdblaufuka is h hq;=h'
^1962'3'13&

fn!oaO Ou ud.h b.ekaug th fkdo;=jkaf.a wOHdmksl l:djka Wmfhda.S lr.ekau Oufha mydksh ie,eiSfuls' taldka; mY=oaO nqoaO Ouh wmsis jevg fhdod .ekSu g jvd krl h'
^1962'3'22&

me/Ks W.;=kaf.a fh fpkhg hdug hm;a jkafka lD;.=K ie,lSfuka .=Kj;=ka flfrys mj;akd iNdjkd woyiska u fkdf' tys mgka .ekau fkdo;a nf ye`.Suhs' we;eyq jro l l th jid ;eug O fya;+ka bm;a lrhs' jro jro jYfhka fmkakd,Su wdOqkslhkg lrk f,dl=u wkq.%yhhs'
^1978'5'4&

35

nqoaO Ouh f,dj my< jQfha ksjdK ud.h f,djg fy<s fmfy<s lr,Sf mrud:h Wv nj ka ka W.;=ka wu;l lrk ie fmfkhs' oYk lafIa;%hg" oHd lafIa;%hg" fN!;sljdo lafIa;%hg nei .;af;da ;u - ;ukaf.a oDIa fldaKhkg .<md,Sug woyia udrelsu ysiqKqh'
^1980'7'9&

.sys fmfj; msisfjka f.khdug k wvqu .Kfka klg meh lSmhla" i;shlg imQK khla" jIhlg udi lSmhla flfhka hq;=j .; lsug is;d .; hq;=h' imQKfhka .yG oiiS,hl l,a f.jk we;e whg jvd f jev ms<sfm< wkqj l fllr .ekSug yels jkq we;' fklaLuh kdu ud;%fhka werfuka iiqkgj;a mqoa.,hdgj;a f,dalhdgj;a kshu w:hla fkd,efnk ie fyd|g m%lg we;'
^1978'6'27&

fmr iQ Ydiksl i`. msi Ouh .ek;a th hqKq jkq lau .ek;a fld;r Wkkajlska jev l<dyq o hkq ixhqla; ksldfha LkaOl j.fha f:r j.h ne,Sf f;are .; yelsh' Ouhla foik g;a th wik g;a fld;r wjOdkhla thg fhjdyq o hkq" ful yshkaf.a foaYkh wjidkfha Wkajykafia;a iu. ieg kula ry;a u.-m, ,efuka f;are .; yelsh' f,djq;=re u.-m, wfmalaId lrkakd foaYkd lsf o weiSf o" kshu woyiska" lugykla fufkys lrk wdldrfhka" wkqka .ek fyda wka foa .ek fyda is; fkdfhdokakg is;g .; hq;=h' thska OudjfndaOh m%;HlaI jYfhka is fkdjQj;a iq; im;a;sh fyda hqKq f'
^1978'6'18&

is;g wdfY jkafka N+;hka muKla fkdf' flf,iqkao is;g wdfY jkq fmfkhs' fuhska mqoa.,hd fl;r fkdu`.g jefgkjd o lshf;d;a ;udf.a isf;a meje;afuka isjk ;lal maMdr ioaoh fohl=f.a ke;ak ;udg ys;j;a N+;hl=f.a wjjdohla f,igh Tyq i,lkafka' fuhska fndfyda fokd m;g meKs ie ug u;l we;s isoaka wkqj uu f;are f.k is'
^1978'4'2&

36

mqoa.,hl= .ek tl jrg u ;SrKhg fkdneiai hq;=h' f,dl= f,vq o iqjm;a fj;s' iqiaid <`.g ;k;=re" Wiial" iem" is fidaN.a.dh mefKhs' tfyhska iemh fidhd ta miafia u fkdj" iemh w;yer iqiaid ug fjr jvkq'

^1961'1'13&

^1962'7'9&

Oufha w.h f;are .; yelafla tys fhfuka ,enQ m%;sM, wkqjh' wkqkaf.a l:djg is; fhfuka my< jkafka Ouh ms<sn| msg; kSu mufKls' f ksid Oupd ug W;aidy .; hq;=h'
^1968'3'2&

b;du;a Wiia ld, im;a;shla ,e ;sf' tys Wiia nj lshd wjika l< fkdyelsh'
^1980'5'22&

m%udo ;hg kskaod fjd f i;ajhd wfmalaId lrkafka yeu me;a;lska u iemhla ugh' Tyqf.a ta wfmalaIdjg fudk wkaoulskaj;a Wmldr fkdjk m%udofhys u fya je o`.,hs' fuys fhdaksfida ukisldrh;a ;a; ffOhh;a wIaGdk Yla;sh;a wjYH f'
^1962'9'15&

W;=uka .sh u. imqrd wkq.ukh lrkakg bka fkdyels k" u| jYfhka fyda thg we;=<;a jev f.k hd hq;=h' m%;sm;a;s ud.h msis k tys msysgd isu o fkdmsySug Wmdfhls' lsu" ud ;sikqka yd iudko" ke;sk i;amqreIhka yd iudkhs km;d ;u p;h m%;HflaId lrkak' W;= mohg meKSf Yla;sh ,ef'
^1962'7'18&

Ndjkdjg wdjYHl foa imQK ke;s ksid Ndjkdj l,a ouk ksidg ljodj;a imQK lr .; fkdyelsj ysia w;ska uerkakg is fjkjd we;'
^1968'6'4&

37

fhda.djprhd mryg we`.f woyiska f;drj wdoY imkak ;hla meje;ah hq;=h' th msis Wodr meje;aula h hq;=h' thska Tyqf.a wdOHd;al hqKqj blaukska isfjhs' iEfyk wdoYhla ke;s S;h ysia tlls' wkqkg w`.jk woyiska mj;ajk ;fha wdOHd;al hqKqj fkd,efnhs'
^1980'2'23&

iir l jeiS we;af;a fufkys fkdlsu fya;= fldgf.kh' fkdkj;ajd th fufkys lrkakdg mqu f,ig th fmfkkakg mgka .kshs'
^1963'3'27&

wdkdmdk Ndjdkdf fkdfhla w;g ys .sh m%;sM, i,l g fuys Wiia .;sh is;g kef.a' is; tl`. lr .ekSug fuhska ,efnk msgqjy, b;d Wiiah' b;d fydka hqKqjg m;alr .ekSfuka ;j-;j;a O Yla;Syq my< fj;s'
^1963'1'23&

f.ayis; ixl,amkdj,g ke .;a is; ksjka rih ug wiu;a fjhs' th wmdh l weo.kakd is;s,s wjqjkafkah'
^1970'4'2&

uD jpk l:d lsf mqreoao ksil=g wdjYHl ldrKhls' NslaIQka jykafia kulg fYaIfhka ;sh hq;= .=Kfhls' ;uyg ys;mlaI ;rka uq f,dalhg u iNdjH;ajhla mqoa.,hl= ;=< ,ef hhs ie,lSu Wiia mqoa.,hkg o ;sf' fof,djg .sh rcl= miafia n,af,la o .sfha '

^1962'4'9&

klaI;% oHdj wkqj md,kh" wd.l jev ms<sfj<g inkaO lr .ekSu fyd| ke;' thska .=K isrer m fjhs' m ug lreKq mEfohs'
^1968'3'21&

uq f,daodys h ;r mrudKq fldgia f k" tmuK jdr .Kkska ;=kqrejkg kulr mj;aj'

^1968'8'1&

38

Y%oaOdNla;sfhka" ksiairK woyiska" mhdma;sfhys jev lrkakdg nq oyu wk.s rejka .nvdjls' Tyqg th isys lsf o my< jkafka w;=,H m%S;sfhls' th u Tyqf.a Nj ksiairKhg o fya;= jkjd we;'
^1962'5'29&

Ydik mrud:h lsfulao@ th ykd .;af;da ljryqo@ th mj;ajkakg okafkda - iu;ayq ljryqo@ fjd .ek is;k g my< jkafka n,j;a jQ ixf.hls'
^1968'10'27&

l=vd ye`.Sula ;=< ;sfnk l=vd is; fufkys lrkak' wehs f is; f ;r l=vd lr.kafka@ ksidf.a n,lu ksid fkdfo@ f n,lu fldf;la r .uka lrhso@ > ixidrhla f ;;ajfhka mj;ajhs'
^1961'11'30&

fhda.S ckhdf.a mirh fld;r Ydka; h hq;=o hkq tys fhfokakkag uekka jegfyhs' fhda. Ndjkdf kshqla;hdyg mirh fydka ;sh hq;=h hkq wfhda.Skayg fkdjegfyk fohls'
^1962'7'2&

wOHd;au ixjOkh ;=<ska mek.sk l%shd oduh b;du;a ir,h' msish' ksrjq,ah' ta ta mqoa.,hkaf.a p;dkql+,j fYaI;djka ,efn;;a is;ska ujd fkd.;a .=Khla fjf;d;a tys meye,s oyd lafula is fjhs'
^1982'1'1'&

;a; iudh ;a;hg m%KS; wdydrhls' ta iudh o Wiia fjkak fjkak" f m%KS; Ndjh o Wiia njg m;af' f .=Kh fydka f;are .ekSug fndfyda l,la fuys fh mqyqKqjla i,id .; hq;=h' wkaO mD:.ack;dfhka fjka f .=Khka hqKqlr .ekSug W;aidy .kak'
^1962'10'31&

f ld,h ;=< Ndjkdf fhfokakkaf.a myiq yrKh i|yd lfia l=Kq Y=oaO flf<' WmlrK iemhS''''''''

^1968'12'28&

39

u;= Ydikfha jevg iar wIaGdkhla ;nd .kakd uu fkdie,ls,slj,ska wyla wm%udofhka jev f.k hd hq;=h' tfyhska ta .ek o fyd| wIaGdkhla lr .ks'

^1956'12'30&

uf.a n,l yekf.k thska jyd ke.S isug uu Wkka fj'

^1963'3'3&

mqoa.,hl=f.ka .; hq;= m%fhdackfhda lSm w;lska bm;a fj;s' tfy;a ud woyia lrkafka we;a; jYfhka mqoa.,hdg iekis,a,la i,id ugh' ud n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk ;rka Tyqg uf.ka m%fhdackhla .ekSug fkdyels jkq fkk yeu g uu ixf.hg m;afj' wkd.;fha fyda fudyqg hym;la i,i hk ye`.Su .g mj;shs'
^1970'7'10&

ksjqKq woyia we;s iudchla jefjd me;=ula'''

^1960'9'30&

bfuys mq[a[ lfuys - ;sfh w;a; iNfj cd;siairK [dfKd p - ;sfya;= mikafld yq;ajd f;N+ufl ifn - wNsN;ajd if;cid idikx nqoaO fiGiai - m.a.KafyhH u;kaf;d

^1971&

f mskal fya;= fldgf.k" fojk wd;au Ndjfhys cd;siaurK {dkh o ;s%fya;= m%;sikah o we;af;laj" ;=kaf,dj ish i;ajhka iajlS .=K - [dK f;aciska wNsNjkh fldg nqoaO fY%aIaGhka jykafiaf.a Ydikh vd fkdn,d k.d isgqjjd
^fuu Ndjh ixialdrl iska fhjls&

40

 ;%sO Ydikh jevQ fhda.S NslaIqjlf.a iaudrlfha fufia i|yka h hq;=h' w.KSh kscu;a:x idix jdms id;x m;=,sh mi;a:x idik;a:x kkaf;d ;okqys; jd fhd inlux ohd jd ksys; ;sy c[a[d ;iai NslaLqiai Niaux' iajd:hg jvd Wiia Ydikd:h .re fldg islsfuka vd m;aje thska iqiq fy fhda.S NslaIq kulf.a NIaudjfYaIh fuys we;'
^1967'11'1&

41

Y%S l,HdKs fhda.dY%du ixia:df .re iuq;amdol yd rdclSh mKa;

w;smQcH lvjeoaf Y%S kjxYdNsOdk kdhl udysmdKka jykafiaf.a

woyia'''

f igka woyila bm;a flf<a wm;a f mj;ajdf.k hkafka igkla nj ye`.ughs' wfma igk nq iiqk frd .ekSu i|ydh' f ku,d iiqk frd .ekSf W;= igfka fhdaO fm<g we;=,;a isk j. isysl< hq;af;a Ou ikaf;daifhks' wfma f igfkys meerula ke;' fudfyd;la mdid iiqka .=K rlska wm bhg hkafka kSf i;=g jvks' fldydg .sh;a f isys we;sj wlmHj l%shd l< hq;= nj b;d lreKdfjka i|yka lr' nqrcdKka jykafia wmg jodf,a fkdksfjk wdf,dalhls' Ouh bf.k .;hq;af;a W.;alula we;s lr .ekSugh' wkqkag lshd ug muKla fkdfjhs' uQ,sl jYfhka Ouh msysg lr.; hq;af;a wfmau iekis,a, msKsih' wfmau YslaIK ye,a, msKsih' fldhs ;r nK bf.k .;a;;a' fldhs;r wkqkag nK uQ,sl jYfhka Ouh msysg lr.; hq;af;a wfmau iekis,a, msKsih' wfmau YslaIK ye,a, msKsih' fldhs ;r nK bf.k .;a;;a' fldhs;r wkqkag nK lsj;a OudkqrEmsj wd;au ixhuhla ;ukaf.a ye,a,la fkdjqj fyd;a th wkaOfhl= w;g.;a mykl iajrEmhg m;ajkafkah' wm iska Ydik /l.;a;dh' wfmka Ydikhg jevla isfjkjdh lshd ie<lsh yelafla Ydik .=Kfhka wms t<sh jQ l,aysh' tiu.af.d uykaf;ys wkqhdf;d ufyisys f f,djq;=rd iekis,s ud.h nqoaOd wdh W;=uka wkqh; jQjls' tys woyi la fl<jr lsf Ydka;s ud.h tllau njhs' wkka; wmudK nqrfhda mfia nqjrfhda uyry;a yq f ms<sfj;a u.skau ksjkg msishy' wmudK wdh W;=ukaf.ka t<sh jQ ms;=re h;ka fyda t<shla jefjd hk m%KS; ixl,amfhks wfma b .uk h hq;af;a' wms ojiska oji jeyshka fjuq' ud fuhska woyia lrkafka ljqre;a woyia lrk jhiska jeyslu fkdf' > ixidrfha ; ,nd fkdfhla foaj;a iu`. jeyshka jQ ie wmg is;d .; yelsh' ta idudkH jeys lfuka ; w.fha jeula ke;' wo wfma ; jdikdj mqu iys;h' f.fjk fudfyd;la mdid wm fYaINd.Sh ;;a;ajhg m;aflfrk ; w.h jelrk jeyslu jdikdj wo wmg ,e ;sfnkjd' wdOHd;al [dK .=K jYfhka wfma

43

jeyslu ; w.h jvkafka yqiau /,af,ys o ta uysuh ms<sUqjk fyhsks' iekis,s .ufkys mshjrla mdid ms;=re flfrks' Bfha nqrcdKka jykafia Wfoid mQcdl< u,g mykg jvd wo wm mQcd lrk uf,a myfka w.h jeh' Bfhag jvd wo wm mQcdl< u,g mykg jvd wo wm mQcd lrk uf,a myfka w.h jeh' Bfhag jvd wo wm is;ska jeyshkaj ta jeyslf is;=r f u,g mykg tlalr wo mQcdj mj;ajk fyhsks' ioaOd" i;s" iud" [dK" lreKd" ffu;%S .=Kfhka ojiska oji wm jeyshka jk ie;a" thska wfma ldhsl" jdpisl" mej;= je w.hg m;ajk ie;a isysl< uek' wm;a wfma w;S;h foi n,d ;uka w;al, iekis,af,ys i;=g;a b ; .ufkys m%nqoaO wIaGdkh;a Wkkaj;a we;slr .ekSu Ou m%d:kd iuDoaOfhys wdikak ldrKd jkafkah' uf.a k phdf k fmd; ,su ojfia tl fj,djl isflfrk tla jefvls' uu w;a k fmdf;a hula ,shkag iQodk miq.sh wjqreoafoa ,shd wjika l, k fmd; fmr,d ne,S' wjika msgqf fufia i|ykaj ;snqKd' f k fmdf;a fkdisia msgq fuka zuf.a ;ho fkdisia fjdZ hkqhs' ta k fmdf;a tla msgqjlaj;a ysia fkdh' km;d ; f;dr;=re tys ,shd ;snqKs' f.fjk ojia tfia fkdisiaj jefvys fhdokakg - w;a;ys; mrys; idOkhg ys; ilia lr .ekSu w;S;fhka jev .; hq;= fyd|u jev ms<sfj,hs' ;h .,d hk .`.la jeksh' .`. .,dhdu iajNdl fohls' th keje;ah yelalla fkdf' .`. .e,au keje;ah fkdyels kuq;a ta .,k j;=frka jev .; yelsh' kEu l< yelsh' mfNda.fhka ls,s jk we WmlrK fidaod m;% l< yelsh' j;=r .,kjdh lshd la fkd thska jev .ekau [dK f.daprhs' ;h .eko is;sh hq;af;a fuhdldrfhks' fudfyd;la mdid f. hk ;h fudk f,ilskaj;a wmg kj;d .; fkdyelsh' ta .ek la fkd wm iska l< hq;af;a f.fjk ;fhka fkdf.fjk Yla;shla yod .ekSuhs' uyd ldreKsl

44

nqmshdKkajykafia f,djg myod jod< m%;sm;a;s ud.h k f wks;H widr ;fhka ks;Hidr ;;ajhla blr .ekSf fkdjrk W;= jev ms<sfj,h' fuh f;are f.k ta wkqj l%shd lsfuka ;h m%d;sydhhla njg m;a l< yelsh' f ; m%d;sydh yeugu isl< fkdyelsh' thg uyd jdikdjla ;sh hq;=h' jia ld,h f. .sfha wmg hula b;=re lrks' ta wm jvd .;a Ou im;a;shhs' wm fuf;la f.jQ wmudK ixidr ; .ek i,lk g is;g fmkS hkafka flka lg udre fjka .g f.k .sh ixf.kSh wjdikdjka; .ufkls' w;S; nqoaO Ydikh fldf;lao@ ta iiqka t<sfhka ks iekiS la bjr lr .;a wixLH msKe;shka w;rg wm we;=<;a ke;' ka b;ska ta w;S; wm, .ek la fkd wo l< hq;af;a f ,enQ ; jdikdj judk njg m;alr .ekSuhs' wm f hqKq lrkafka fkduefrk iajrEmfha wdOHd;au jfhls' wo wm we;slr .kakd Ou iemh wcrh' wurh' ta W;= ; iekiqu wfma wkq.dl ; uysuh jYfhka lal hq;af;a mrf,dj jYfhka muKla fkdf' wfma .;jk yeu ks;a;=jlau B<`. ks;a;=j cks;lr jkafka wkq.dl ; uysuh tla lrks' wfma ojia - udi - wjqre f.fjkafka;a tf,isks' johl ms ;sfnkafka meKsh' .=Kh;a" ysr;a ms.;a meKs wmg idod fok ueiaidf.ka isjk fiajh fudk ;r is;=reo@ l,HdK ;% im;a;sh;a tnhs' meKs yod f,djg ysr fok ueis fm<la jf.a lreKdfjka" ffu;%sfhka f,dj ikik l,HdK ;% fmryer fudk;r ms;=reo@ Tn jykafia,d f tlg fj<Sf.k f mj;ajkafka ta wisu;a fmryer fkdfo@ .=Kfhka kqjKska is;=re jQ myka jQ is;=,s wmg ksr;=re my< fjd meKS fuka ys msh joka ksr;=re lshfjd wm iekiS f,djg iekiqu f jdikdj ;j ;j hqKq fjd wfma yqiau /,a,;a f,djg iem iekis,s msKsi fjd

45

ueKslaj, jkdlu f;are .;a wh" ;uka <`.g ueKsla tk;=re n,d iskafka ke;' fndfyda wE; ueKsla fidhd f.dia ueKsla yuqlr .kakd uykaish is;kag ne ;rh' msxlj, w.h f;are .;a [dKjka; wh msx Ksrejka ;uka <`.g tk;=re msxlj,g ;ukag wdrdOkd lrk ;=re n,d iskafka ke;' uykais - neh - wudreh lshd fkdis;d fndfyda fjfyis,af,ka fidh fidhd f.dia Wodr jQ w.kd mska Ksrejka w;am;a lr .kafkah' ;ukaf.a mqKH ksOdkh is;=re lr .kafkah' filal=f ;, ;ef,hs' l=ulgo@ f;,a i|ydh' ;, ;e,S f;,a lS tla ;ekl .nvd fjhs' ta f;,a /iafjk ;ek;a ;ef,k ;ek;a tlafldg i,ld n,k l,aysh ;, ;ef,kafka f f;,a i|ydh hkq uekeka jegfykafka' iiqk msysg fldg wm f fjfyfikafka l=ugo@ ika;dk Ou i|ydh' ;, ;e,S f;,a /iajk ;ek fuka wm lrk msxlj, wdksixi M,h wm k.; hq;af;a wfmau wdOH;auh foi ne,Sfuks' msxlulska l%u ;=kl wdksixi ika;dkfha yg.kS' rd.d flf,is,s ;=kSu" i;s [dK wd fndCOx. Ou je hdu" m%KS; lu mrmrdjla cks;u hk l%u ;=k ika;dkh is;=re flfrk wdksixi M, jYfhka ie<lsh hq;af;ah' fufia is; foi ne,Sfuka msxlul h:d:h jgyd .; hq;af;a" mq[a[ka;s rd.dkka;= - mmlaLdys fp;kd m[a[d .=K ixhq;a;d - [af[hHd iqL odhsld hkqo fuys,d isys lghq;=h' zwfma jkaokd msi nqoaO.hd Y=oaO N+hg meKsfha Bfha oj,a ;=kg muKh' f fmdf<dj iamY lsf ;hg tla jQ m%S;sh jeks m%S;shla fjk fudku ulj;a ,nkakg neh' f f,dal Od;=f fuhg jvd W;= ;ekla ke;' ch is fnda fyjk hg je Bfha rd;%S uyd mQcdjla meje;auq' fyg Wfoa rc.ykqjr n,d msg;ajkafkuq' 18 fjksod nrKeih' 22 fjksod l=iskdrdfh' 23 fjksod Ksfhah' 24 fjksod ieje;a kqjrh' ud;= 13 fjksod jkaokd .uk ksufldg wdmiq meKSug yelsf hhs is;'
46

Ouh jrojd .;a we;e wh msxl lsu fudav lulehs is;kq fmfka' f wh w;r kque;a;ka o u ixf.hls' mp iuqmamdofha wcd mphd ixLdrd hk Ou kshdufha yehg msxl lsu;a fudavlka isjkakla fkf hs kla uf.ka m%Yak lf<ah' uu ta whg fuh uekka meye,s lr ks' ^mq[a[& mska hk jpkfhka meye,s jkafka is; ksflf,ia njg m;a flfrk f;kd im;a;sfhka iE.;a is;=re l%shd mrmqfrls' mq[a[ka;s rd.dkka;= - mhsmlaLdys fp;kd m[a[d .=K ixhqla;d - [a[hHd iqL odhsld hk f Ou jrKfhka msfka iaj,laIKh uekka jgyd .; yelsh' ksjka lSug muKla fkdj ksjkska f msg mdr jdikdj we;s ; ,nd .ekSug;a" Wmldjk tlu foh mskh' b;ska mska fkdlr iekiqu ,nkafka flfiao@ iiqka ms<sfj; tfyu mskau ie,lsh hq;af;a tlu mska fmryerla f,isks' fndai;dKka jykafia,d id;pldj w;rla ke;sj mdr fmryer meje;ajQ ie wms oksuq' f mdr lshkafk;a fjk fohla fkfjhs' meje;a jQ ksiairK m%d:kdfjka flfrk mskalh' mskal l< hq;=uh' ksrka;rfhka lrk mskal w;r wjia:dkqrEmj ld,sl jYfhka fhdod.kakd f mskal mqKH m%;HdflaIK wjia:d jYfhka ie,elsh yelsh' rdhk Yrh;a" f.hk ld,h;a" fjka hk ndysr whs;sh;a rd - f. - fjka hoa wms fkdrK" fkdf.fjk fjka fkdjk W;= Ou im;a;sh jvka uyd iekis,a,g m;afjuq' f f,djq;=rd iekis,a,h' ueKsl myrKh lrkag lrkag tys w.h;a meyeh;a je fjkjd i wvqula jkafka ke;' fyd| woyia j,ska msreKq fmd;l iajrEmh;a tnh' wm fmd;a j, rih | | iekfiuq' fldhs ;r rih kao;a fmdf;a ysr wvqjkafka ke;' iuyrg ri kakg kakg je jefhka ri kS hkafka ri W,am;l uysuh m<lrks' f,dj mj;akd fmd;a w;r w.kdu is;=re fmd; jYfhka ie,lsh hq;af;a ; fmd;h' wks;a fmd;a j, we;af;a msgia;r foaj, fjk;a mqoa.,hkaf.a O jD;dka;h' f;dr;=reh' wm thska ,nkafka wd.ka;=l ri kaokhls' wmg ta ndysr foaj,skao w.kd wdoY mdv

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,efnk nj we;a;h' yenehs th id:l kaokhla jkafka ;uka ,shk ; fmd;g thska jev i,id .;af;d;a muKh' ke;sk th wkqkaf.a kegqula n,d i;=gqf iajrEmhg m;ajkafkah' wNs{d,dNSkag ; fmdf;a msgq fmr, fmr,d ne,sh yelsh' ksjkg m;ajk ;=reu ; fmd; ,shfjhs' ; fmdf;a wjika msgqj ksjkh' ry;ka jykafia ta wka;su msgqj n, n,d iekfikafka ksfrdaO iudm;a; jYfhks' f..sh oji ; fmdf;a ,shd wjika l< msgqjlehs is;uq' ,enQ oji ,shkag ;sfnk msgqjh' f..sh msgq fmr< fmr<d n,k g we;sjk oYkh B<`. msgq jeh fydka ,sug wdfiajk jYfhka m%;Hh jkafkah' ; iudm;a;s jYfhka ; fmd; n, n,d iekfikakg;a b.ufka Wkkaj jvd .kakg;a mqre h hq;=h' wms ;j;a wjqreoaol .uk wjika flf<uq' 1968 Bfha wjika h' f kj, y|g f.dia wdmiq meKs .=jka rhka ;sfofkl= ms<sn| y`v oi foiska wefia' ye;emau ,laI .Kkla .=jfka by<g f.dia my<g neiai f .ukska ta .ukaldrhkag jQfha l=ulao@ Tjqkaf. flf,ia jeh' la jeh' iir la h' wfuldj f,dal ch.%yKhla l< j. lshhs' th;a fndre fkdf' fuh k uyd imkalula nj we;a;h' y| wdikakhg f.dia" y| foi n,d y|jf lerlS mK frdf.k kej;;a f uyd fmdf,djg wj;sK u k Ya; .ukla nj ienEh' ta f,!lsl jYfhks' f,daaflda;a;r jYfhka wkqud;% jQ o Ydka;shla fuhskao ,o njla lsh fkdyelsh' Oufha weiska n,k g ienkau fuh flf,ia .ufkls' wms;a l%ufhka jeyshka fjuq' wfma jeyslf wdOHd;auh b;d is;=reh' f,dj we;s is;=re foaj, w.h ld,h;a iu. ydkNd.sh ;;ajhg m;afjhs' ,afjk myfka is;=r" iqj| ysfok u,l is;=r wmg meye<sh' f.fjk fudfyd;la mdid myfka t<sh;a uf,a iqj|;a wNdjhg hhs' ks .sh myKl" ue, .sh u,l w.hla ke;' is;=rla ke;' wm jeyshka jkafka jhiska muKla fkdf' .=Kfhka yd kqjKskao wms jeyshka fjuq' fkka k fmdfydr je jefvk ika .ila fuka wfma wdOHd;au jevquo ksrka;rj is fjhs' wfma

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Ou jdikdj fuhhs' wfma iekis,a, thhs' wm ixjr h hq;af;a ta i|ydh' wyig kef.k iEu jeys j,dl=<lskau kajla iS;djlg;a ,efnkjdh lS l;dj fuka wm;a fm< .efikag kE wm w;ska isjk iEu fohlskau kajlaj;a wfma mdr is;g tlajk f,ighs' wyiska jefgk tl h |laj;a wmf;a fkdykakg wfma merl=nd ks jev ie<iq l<dla fuka wfma ; isoa ish,a, wmf;a hkag fkd f,d;=rd iekis,af,a jev njg mdr jev njg m;alr .ekSu wfma Ydka;s fm< .eiau h hq;=h' fujeks Ou jdikdjls wo wmg ,e ;sfnkafka' wms f Ou iemh - Ou m%S;sh | .kska f wm k Ou iemh ;j fndfyda fokdg w;afjd hk Ou m%d:kd is;g we;s lr .ksuq' jpk l:d lruq' ta me;= l%shdjg k.uq' tfia we;s l,ays wfma yqiau kaj mjd Oufhka ys we;s ie wmg l .; yelsh' wfma uq ;hu tlu ffu;%S fmryerlaj mj;akd ie l .; yelsh' Yrfha ks;r we;sjk n,lula" jhia hdfuka we;sjk n,lula w;rg f,v i;=rd jeo.;a;du wmdhg fyK .eiqjdh jeks ;;ajhls we;sjkafka' f fudkjd jQj;a lrkag fohla ke;' znyq fCLd fLd whx ldfhd' nyq wdkfjdZ hkq isys lrka f ish,a, i;HdjfndaOhg WmksY%h lr .ekau wfma fm, .eiau h hq;=h' lh fjkqfjka wm lrk id;a;= w`vk <ufhl= k<jd .ekSug lrk .S; .dhkhla jeksh' .S y`ka ke<fjk orejd kskaog jefghs' ksok ;=re ksixi,h' kskafoka wjjkafka w`vdf.kh' wfma lh;a funh' lh iu. wm lrk igfka kqu ;djld,slh' wm f lrkafka yeuodu mrk igfkls' f;a fya;a id;a;= imamdh j,ska" kE lE ks ys wd ix.%yfhka wm w;rla ke;sj m;ajk ldhsl f;ajdj ksiaidr lhla ,nd .ekSf jrog k o`vqj jeksh' tla wjia:djl kl=, .Dym;shdg nqrcdKka jykafia jodf<a f lh tlu f,vla jYfhks' yenehs th ljodj;a ikSmfjkafka ke;s f,vls' iuia; i;aj f,dalhdu ksrka;rfhka fh iskafka zlhZ kue;s f,fg fnfy;a ie<iSf mqu igklh' ;kslr lh t,af,a igka lsfuka kQ flfkla f,dj ke;' kkakg k lh;a w;aje,a lrf.k ys;
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yef - jef Ydka;s l%shd fkdf;drj is l< hq;=h' wm wdydrmdk .kafka we`. Wfoid nj ienEh' f .kakd wdydr mdr j;la fjd la bjr lr .ekSf jevg ksY%h fjd hk ye`.Sfuka hq;=j wdydr .kakjd k ms`vla mdid is;go tla;rd jhla we;sjkafkah' lhg yefok mK hk kuq;a f Ouh jQ isf;a jevqu rkafka ke;' wo wmg ,e ;sfnk Ou jdikdj funh' wfma f Ydiksl jev ms<sfj, ia:djr Ndjhg m;alr .ekSuu Ydikh frd .ekSf wiydh ;;ajh jYfhka l,amkd lghq;=uh' fmdf<dkakre hq.fha mgka f.fhka Ydikh msfykakg mgka .;af;a NslaIQka ndysr jevg nei l%shd lrkakg u ksidhs' wdrKHfha jev ish Uq,d., ldYHm yshka jeks uyd .=Kj;=ka wdrKH m%;sm;a;s j,ska fjkafldg iudc fiajd jevj,g fhdod .;af;a m%n, .sys odhl m;aIh isks' thska wdrKH jeiS .sfhah' m%;sm;a;s Ydikkh msyS .sfhah' fldhs;r msyqKdo@ wjqre ydriShhla ;=< tlo Wmimod NslaIqjla ke;s ;ekg m%;sm;a;s .s,syS je,sg ix>rdc udyshka f.a ld,h jk g tlu Wmimod kulaj;a isfha ke;' fmdf<dkakrefjka mgka.;a m%;sm;a;sfha neiau fldf;la uy;ahs thska f;are .; yelsh' iudc fiajd jevg fhduqjkafka msis is;sks' tfy;a fkdkSu jdf.a fkdksis ;ekg wehdu j<lajkakg ne fohls' Uq,d., ldYHm yshka fuhg fyd|u ksoiqk jYfhka lah yelsh' rcqf.a wdrdOkdfjka Wkajykafia wdrKHfha lghq;= j,ska fjkaj idudkH jevg fhduq jQfha blauKska wdrKHhg jk woyisks' th isjQfha ke;' jev jeh' ie<ls,s je h' thska ne.sh Wkajykafiag kej;;a wdrKHhg jkakg ne h' je,sg ix>rdc yshka n,j;a W;aidyfhka Wmimodj msysgqjd Ydikh k.d isg jQ kuq;a jel,a hkakg u;af;ka weo je .sfha ndysr foaj, fhfokakg NslaIQkag fodrgq ;eu ksihs' f je .sh Ydik ;;ajh k.d .ekSuguhs' f wfma jev ms<sfj, mgka .;af;a' ndysr foaj, megf,kakg hdu f jev j,g uy;a wjysrhla nj ta jev l,la ;siafia lsfuka ug m%;HlaI h' uu m;% j,g ,shq ,Sfj' ? oj,a fkdn,d fndfyda fjfyiS ;eka ;ekaj, f.dia Ou foaYkd flf<' tajdhska m%;sM, ke;ehs fkdlsh yelsh' yels jqj;a f wm mgka .;a jevg tajd wjysr jYfhka ug fmkS .sfhah' ksYaYoj

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flSj wdOHd;alh jevqf jev l<hq;= hhs is;d .;af;a tfyhsk' f udrhdf.ka fugh' udrhd fkdtk f,i wyi jikakg wmg fkdyelsh' udrhdg we`.s,s .eish fkdyels fia" udr .v fkdfmfkk - fkdfkk fia wms wfma is; /l .ksuq' udrhd kE fkhshdvula lrmqjdf' wms wfma msxlu lruq' ta iiqka fufyjf uyd m%S;sh udrhd n,d isoa |.kakg wms fhdaO ikakdyfhka ierfiuq' f lshkafka ij{hka jykafiaf.a uyd lreKd uqyqK foi n,df.kh' .sys jqj;a me jqj;a ;hl wjidkh urKhhs' wm f ish,a, lrkafka ta fudfyd; jk;=reh' ;uka l< fyd|lu kd ta wjidk fudfydf;a jk fudku fohlskaj;a iekfikakg neh' fkdfhla `.,s,s jevj, fh isk wfma fndfyda fokd fuh i<lkafka ke;' wdodyKhg fmr k ta kug whs;s foaj,a .ek fiuq' ;=uqfKa ta ta foa ,shQ k igyka fmd;la muKh' fuh yenE me ;fha wdoY hhs' ix.drj nuqKdg NslaIq ;h meye< fldg foiQ Ou foaYkdj" NslaIqj wlsxpk hhs jod< fial' wlsxpk k ne,s ke;s -lssisjla ke;s hk f;areuh' wjidk is;g fun ksoyila .sys me ldg;a we;slr .ekSu wjYHh' NslaIqj k tfia h hq;=uhs' rka yqhl weKsh hq;af;a w.kd uq;= ueKslah' fndr leg fyda T<s| - udr weg jeks my;a mx;sfha foaj,a rxyqhl weKsh hq;= fkdf' fudk f,ilskaj;a kj;d .ekSug ne f,i ksr;=rej f. rd hk f ;fha yenE ;;= uekka jgyd .;a Nd; jdikdj we;s Ou m%d:kd noaO mqoa.,fhda fkd f.fjk fkd rK ; im;a;shla blr .ks;s' th wdi jYfhka fkdf' ksrdi Ou im;a;shla jYfhks' Ouh /flk l|jqre jkafka tn uyd;au mqoa., ika;dkhhs' ld, hd;%d l< Wodr .=K hq;a uy;audf.a ke;s .sfha N+; ldh ud;%h muKhs' ta i;amqreI uy;aud iska bl< .=K Yrh keiqfka ke;' ta iodkqiaurKSh .=K ;h ug fkkafka b;d msis oU rka yqhla

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f,isks' ta fyd| kduh keue;s rka yqfha wuqKkag kE ueKsla fia Wc,s; msxlh' tfia lsuhs [dK;sl .=K wkqiauD;shla fjkafka' .ia w;r wrgq .ia r,h' ldlhka w;r olaIhka olakg ,efnkafka l,d;=rlsks' mqoa.,hka w;r Nd; jdikdj we;s ueKsla jeks is;=re mqKHd;aka uqK .efikafka oyilska flfkls' Bg Tn la h hq;= fkdf' fndr lkaog t<sh fok w.kd Ks rejklafia ,n ksia .=Kfhka fy tla mqoa., r;akhlska oyia fokdg t<sh ,efnk ie isys lrkak' ie`. we;s mqoa., jdikdj u;=lr myka jeks ueKsla jeks l,HdKhka fma<slr .ekau fyd| ysf;a fmryr h hq;=h' wm |.kakd Ou iemh ;j fndfyda fokdg |.kakg ie,iSu wfma ffu;%S ms<sfj; h hq;=h' mqoa., wfrka la u ys; wd;=r lr .ekSu fkdj ta wre ;ekaj,g t<sh u wfma lreKd fufyjr h hq;=h' udkisl f,ka fmf<kakjqkaf.a ta f,v iqjlr .ekaug Wojkq i Tjqkaf.a flhg w;aje,a u wfma [dK ms<sfj; fkdh hq;=h' f,djq;=rd nq.uk wfma iekis,s .ufka wdoY ud.h h hq;=h' nq t<sh wfma iekis,s ms<sfj;ska fkdksfjk wdf,dalh h hq;=h' keK t<sh ysjd lreKdfjka is;=rej fkdlvjd meje;ajQ ta wisu;a nq.ukg nqfmryrg wms yeu wkqhd; fjuq' wfma f u nq fuls nq /ia j;=frka keye we;s ms;=re njg m;a ,la fmd<f ieu je,s leghlau ueKsla fuka w, w.fhka hqla; fia fkhs' nq iiqk /l .ekSf jrKh ,enQ wfma cd;sh;a orefjla my< fjkafka Ydik jia;=jla jYfhks' isxy, ujf.a l=fiys ms<sis| .kakd orejdg nq.=K ljd nqt<sh ta mskaj;a ore ;hg tlalrkafka fuf,dj t<sh olskakg u;af;kauh' tlg fma<s l< fkdksfjk myka fm,la fia wfma cd;sh tlg fma,s nq fmryer l< ie" nqiiqk /l.;a ie wms oksuq' f fmd<f yg.;a iEu .yla l,lau iiqkg fijk ka ie wmg isysl< yelsh' iiqka ysr lejqKq ta jk fikiqka wfrka hg .;a;d fia

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iiqk /l .;a cd;sho oYdmkakj isysika ke;sj .sh ;;ajhg je we;' wo l< hq;af;a iiqka t<sfhka wm t<sh iiqka ysfrka wm ysr f wfrka jeiS .;a ;eka t<sh lr .ekSF Wodr fufyjrg msis lreKdfjkau fmruqKq uhs' fuhg iqiq l,HdKYS,Ska ;ju wmg uh' flfia kuq;a wms fkdke fkdmiqni bhg huq' iiqk /l .ekSug iqiq mqKHldyq ish .Kkska wfma fmryerg tlafj;ajd miq.sh w;a wjqre ojfia ^wfm%a,a 14 fjksod& fuys wfma ku,d /iafldg uu wjqre wkqYdikdjla meje;a' f ku,d w;a wjqreoaog jev mgka .;af;a fldfyduo@ lshd uiks uf.a wkqYdikdj uq, msref' m<uqfldg uu jev mgka .;a ye meye<s flf,' tk ^wjqre od& whu uu nK fmd;la w;g .;s' ta ueka i`.sfha iQ;% 152 la ;sfnkjd' f wjqreoao ;=< ueka i`.sh iyuq,ska ug m%.=K lr .kag yelsfjd hk wIaGdkfhka hq;=j uu fmd; fmrfj' fmdf;a 152 fjks wka;su iQ;%hhs fmrfKa' ta wka;su iQ;%h bkah Ndjkd k fjhs' wkq;a;r bkash Ndjkd" fiaL mmod" Nd;skash hkqfjka fldgia ;=klska hqla; fldg wy;ajh olajd bkash ixhuh h hq;= ie meye<s fldg nqrcdKka jykafia jod< f Ou ia;rh f;are .ekSf Ou m%S;sfhka is; mskd .sfhah' 151 fjks iQ;%h msKavmd; mdiqoa k fjhs' th o luKSh Ou jrKfhls' 149 fjks uyd i<dh;ksl iQ;%h wPh Ou ksOdkfhls' f wcr" wur ; jdikdj hdj ksndK fjd wms wfmau ; Ndjkdjg k.ka wfmau is;=re fmryer olska i;=gq fjuq' iekfiuq' fkdkej;S bhg huq' ksjka olajd huq'

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h;sjr is;=,s
Y%S inqoaO Ydikfha wNsjDoah Wfoid ;u ;hu leml< uE; ld,fha my< jQ w;s W;= h;sjrhka jykafia,d fokula jk w;smQckSh ud;r Y%S {dkdrdu udysmdKka jykafia yd w;smQckSh lvjeoaf kjxY udysmdKka jykafiaf.a ksiair woyia tl;=jlska fuu .%ka:h iuka;h' w;smQckSh ud;r Y%S {dkdrdu udysmdKka jykafiaf.a .=K isyslsu i|yd m< lrk ,o zwudkaZ k .%ka:fha m< jQ Wkajykafiaf.a kfmd;ska Wmqgd.;a igyka tl;=jla yd udysmdKka jykafia ms<sn| f;dr;=re we;=,;a ,sms lsysmhla o" w;smQckSh lvjeoaf kjxY udysmdKka jykafiaf.a .=K ieuu i|yd m<lrk ,o zwd;au m%;HflaIKhZ k .%ka:fhka Wmqgd.;a Wkajykafiaf.a woyia yd ,sms lsysmhlao fuys olajkqfha ta W;= ; foi n,d iekfik Tn fjkqfjks'
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