Lossy Transmission Lines Terminated by Parallel Connected RC-Loads and in Series Connected L-Load (I)

International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
www.ijmer.com Vol.3, Issue.3, May-June. 2013 pp-1410-1418 ISSN: 2249-6645

www.ijmer.com 1410 | Page

Vasil G. Angelov,
1
Andrey Zahariev
2

1
Department of Mathematics, University of Mining and Geology St. I. Rilski, 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria
2
Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Abstract: The present paper is the first part of investigations devoted to analysis of lossy transmission lines terminated by
nonlinear parallel connected GC loads and in series connected L-load (cf. Fig. 1). First we formulate boundary conditions
for lossy transmission line system on the base of Kirchhoffs law. Then we reduce the mixed problem for the hyperbolic
system (Telegrapher equations) to an initial value problem for a neutral system on the boundary. We show that only
oscillating solutions are characteristic for this case. Finally we analyze the arising nonlinearities.

Keywords: Fixed point theorem, Kirchhoffs law, Lossless transmission line, mixed problem for hyperbolic system, Neutral
equation, Oscillatory solution

I. INTRODUCTION
The transmission line theory is based on the Telegrapher equations, which from mathematical point of view
presents a first order hyperbolic system of partial differential equations with unknown functions voltage and current. The
subject of transmission lines has grown in importance because of the many applications (cf. [1]-[9]).
In the previous our papers we have considered lossless and lossy transmission lines terminated by various
configuration of nonlinear (or linear) loads in series connected, parallel connected and so on (cf. [10]-[16]). The main
purpose of the present paper is to consider a lossless transmission line terminated by nonlinear GCL-loads placed in the
following way: GC-loads are parallel connected and a L-load is in series connected (cf. Fig. 1).
The first difficulty is to derive the boundary conditions as a consequence of Kirchhoffs law (cf. Fig.1) and to
formulate the mixed problem for the hyperbolic system. The second one is to reduce the mixed problem for the hyperbolic
system to an initial value problem for neutral equations on the boundary. The third one is to introduce a suitable operator
whose fixed point is an oscillatory solution of the problem stated. In the second part of the present paper by means of by
fixed point method [17] we obtain an existence-uniqueness of an oscillatory solution.
The paper consists of four sections. In Section II on the base of Kirchhoffs law we derive boundary conditions and
then formulate the mixed problem for the hyperbolic system or transmission line system. In Section III we reduce the mixed
problem to an initial value problem on the boundary. In Section IV we analyse the arising nonlinearities and make some
estimates which we use in the second part of the present paper.

Fig. 1. Lossy transmission line terminated by circuits consisting of RC-elements in series connected to L-element

II. DERIVATION OF THE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AND FORMULATION OF THE MIXED PROBLEM
In order to obtain the boundary conditions we have to take into account that if A is the length of the transmission
line then, LC LC T A = A = ) / 1 /( where L is per unit length inductance and C per unit-length capacitance
Lossy Transmission Lines Terminated by Parallel Connected
RC-Loads and in Series Connected L-Load (I)

In accordance of Kirchhoffs V-law (cf. Fig. 1) we have to collect the currents of the elements
p
G and
p
C after
that to collect the voltage of
p p
C G with the voltage of ) 1 , 0 ( = p L
p
. But we deal with nonlinear elements, that is,
) 1 , 0 ( , ) (
1
) (
= =
=
p i r i R
m
n
n p
n p

and

=
=
m
n
n p
n p
i l i L
0
) (
) ( , ) ( ) (
~
, . ) ( . ) (
~
0
) (
u C u u C i l i i L i i L
p p
m
n
n p
n p p
= = =

=
;
); 1 , 0 ( ,
) (
) (
)) ( ( ) (
~
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ = = p
di
i dL
i i L
dt
di
dt
i L i d
dt
i L d
p
p
p p

). 1 , 0 ( ,
) (
) (
)) ( ( ) (
~
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ = = p
du
u dC
u u C
dt
du
dt
u C u d
dt
u C d
p
p
p p

One can formulate boundary conditions corresponding to Fig. 1: for )) , 0 ( ( 0
0 0 0 0
t i i i i x
C G C G
= = + =
) ( ) ( ) , 0 (
) , 0 (
)) , 0 ( (
)) , 0 ( (
) , 0 (
), ( ) , 0 ( ) (
) (
0
0 0
0
0 0
0
0 0
0
0 0
0 0
0
0 0
0 0
0
0 0
t E t u t u
dt
t di
t i L
di
t i dL
t i
u G t i
dt
du
u C
du
u dC
u
C G
C G
C G
C G
C G
C G
C G
C G
+ =
(
(
+
=
(
(
+
(1)
And for )) , ( (
1 1 1 1
t i i i i x
C G C G
A = = + A = :
). ( ) ( ) , (
) , (
)) , ( (
)) , ( (
) , (
) ( ) , ( ) (
) (
1
1 1
1
1 1
1
1 1
1
1 1
1 1
1
1 1
1 1
1
1 1
t E t u t u
dt
t di
t i L
di
t i dL
t i
u G t i
dt
du
u C
du
u dC
u
C G
C G
C G
C G
C G
C G
C G
C G
+ A =
A
(
(
A +
A
A
A =
(
(
+
(2)
Here we consider the following lossy transmission line system:
0 ) , (
) , ( ) , (
0 ) , (
) , ( ) , (
= +
c
c
+
c
c
= +
c
c
+
c
c
t x Ri
x
t x u
t
t x i
L
t x Gu
x
t x i
t
t x u
C
(3)
( ) ( ) | | | ) { } A e H e = H e , 0 , 0 , : , ) , (
2
t x t x t x
Where ) , ( t x u and ) , ( t x i are the unknown voltage and current, while L, C, R and G are prescribed specific
parameters of the line and A> 0 is its length.
For the above system (3) might be formulated the following mixed problem: to find ) , ( t x u and ) , ( t x i in H such
that the following initial conditions
| | A e = = , 0 ), ( ) 0 , ( ), ( ) 0 , (
0 0
x x i x i x u x u (4)
And boundary conditions (1) and (2) to be satisfied.

III. REDUCING THE MIXED PROBLEM TO AN INITIAL VALUE PROBLEM ON THE BOUNDARY
First we present (3) in the form:
0 ) , (
) , ( 1 ) , (
0 ) , (
) , ( 1 ) , (
= +
c
c
+
c
c
= +
c
c
+
c
c
t x i
L
R
x
t x u
L t
t x i
t x u
C
G
x
t x i
C t
t x u
(5)
And then write it in a matrix form

0 ) , (
) , ( ) , (
= +
c
c
+
c
c
t x BU
x
t x U
A
t
t x U
(6)
Where
(
(
(
(
c
c
c
c
=
c
c
(
(
(
(
c
c
c
c
=
c
c
(
=
x
t x i
x
t x u
x
t x U
t
t x i
t
t x u
t
t x U
t x i
t x u
t x U
) , (
) , (
) , (
,
) , (
) , (
) , (
,
) , (
) , (
) , (
, .
0
0
,
0
1
1
0
(
(
(
(
=
(
(
(
(
=
L
R
C
G
B
L
C
A
In order to transform the matrix A in a diagonal form we have to solve the characteristic equation: 0
/ 1
/ 1
=
L
C
whose
roots are , / 1
1
LC = LC / 1
2
= . For the eigen-vectors we obtain the following systems:
0
1 1
0
1 1
2 1
2 1
=
= +

LC
C
L
LC
And
0
1 1
0
1 1
2 1
2 1
= +
= +

LC
C
L
LC
.
Hence ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) L C L C , , , , ,
) 2 (
2
) 2 (
1
) 1 (
2
) 1 (
1
= =
Denote by H the matrix formed by eigen-vectors
(
(
=
L C
L C
H
and its inverse one
(
(
(
(
L L
C C
H
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
. It is known
that
1 can
= HAH A , where
(
(
=
LC
LC
A
/ 1 0
0 / 1
can
.
Introduce new variables Z = HU, (or U = H
-1
Z)
(
=
(
(
=
(
=
) , (
) , (
, ,
) , (
) , (
t x i
t x u
U
L C
L C
H
t x I
t x V
Z .
Then
) , ( ) , ( ) , (
) , ( ) , ( ) , (
t x i L t x u C t x I
t x i L t x u C t x V
+ =
+ =
(7)
or
). , (
2
1
) , (
2
1
) , (
) , (
2
1
) , (
2
1
) , (
t x I
L
t x V
L
t x i
t x I
C
t x V
C
t x u
+ =
=
(8)
Replacing ) , ( ) , (
1
t x Z H t x U

= in (6) we obtain
( ) ( )
( ) 0
1
1 1
= +
c
c
+
c
c

Z H B
x
Z H
A
t
Z H
.
Since
1
H is a constant matrix we have

( ) ( ) 0 ) , (
) , ( ) , (
1 1 1
= +
c
c
+
c
c

t x Z BH
x
t x Z
AH
t
t x Z
H .
After multiplication from the left by H we obtain ( ) ( ) 0
1 1
= +
c
c
+
c
c

Z BH H
x
Z
AH H
t
Z
, i.e.
( ) 0
1
= +
c
c
+
c
c

Z HBH
x
Z
A
t
Z
can
. (9)
But
=
(
(
(
(

(
(
(
(
(
(
L L
C C
L
R
C
G
L C
L C
HBH
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
0
0
1
(
(
(
(
|
.
|
\
|
+ |
.
|
\
|
+
|
.
|
\
|
+ |
.
|
\
|
+
L
R
C
G
L
R
C
G
L
R
C
G
L
R
C
G
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
.
Applying Heaviside condition
C
G
L
R
= we obtain
(
=
(
(
(
(
(
+
(
(
(
(
c
c
c
c
(
(
(
(
+
(
(
(
(
c
c
c
c
0
0
) , (
) , (
0
0
) , (
) , (
1
0
0
1
) , (
) , (
t x I
t x V
L
R
L
R
x
t x I
x
t x V
LC
LC
t
t x I
t
t x V
. (10)
The new initial conditions we obtain from (4):
) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 , ( ) 0 , ( ) 0 , (
0 0 0
x V x i L x u C x i L x u C x V + = + = , | | A e , 0 x (11)
) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 , ( ) 0 , ( ) 0 , (
0 0 0
x I x i L x u C x i L x u C x I + = + = , | | A e , 0 x . (12)
One can simplify (10) by the substitution:
) , ( ) , (
) , ( ) , (
t x I e t x J
t x V e t x W
t
L
R
t
L
R
=
=

Or
) , ( ) , (
) , ( ) , (
t x J e t x I
t x W e t x V
t
L
R
t
L
R
=
=
. (13)
Substituting in (8) we obtain
). , (
2
1
) , (
2
1
) , (
) , (
2
1
) , (
2
1
) , (
t x J e
L
t x W e
L
t x i
t x J e
C
t x W e
C
t x u
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R

+ =
=
(14)
Then with respect to the variables ) , ( t x W and ) , ( t x J (10) looks like:
. 0
) , ( 1 ) , (
, 0
) , ( 1 ) , (
=
c
c
c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c
x
t x J
LC
t
t x J
x
t x W
LC
t
t x W
(15)

The mixed problem for (1) - (4) can be reduced to an initial value problem for a neutral system. The neutral system
is a nonlinear one in view of the nonlinear characteristics of the RGLC-elements.
From now on we propose two manners to obtain a neutral system for unknown voltage and current functions.
First manner: The solution of (15) is a pair of functions ( ) vt x t x W
W
u = ) , ( and ( ) vt x t x J
J
+ u = ) , ( , where
W
u and
J

are arbitrary smooth functions. From (14) we obtain
( ) ( ) | |
( ) ( ) | |.
2
) , (
2
) , (
vt x vt x
L
e
t x i
vt x vt x
C
e
t x u
J W
t
L
R
J W
t
L
R
+ u + u =
+ u u =
(16)
Hence
( )
( ). ) , ( ) , ( ) (
) , ( ) , ( ) (
t x u C t x i L e vt x
t x i L t x u C e vt x
t
L
R
J
t
L
R
W
= + u
+ = u
(17)
For A = x we obtain
| |
| |. ) , ( ) , ( ) (
) , ( ) , ( ) (
t u C t i L e vt
t i L t u C e vt
t
L
R
J
t
L
R
W
A A = + A u
A + A = A u
(18)
Let us put ( ) v T T t v t t vt vt / ' / ' ' A = + A + = = A and then replacing t by T t + ' in the first equation of (18) we get
| | ) ' , ( ) ' , ( ) ' (
) ' (
T t i L T t u C e vt
T t
L
R
W
+ A + + A = u
+
.
For the second equation of (18) we put
( ) v T T t v t t vt vt / ' ' / ' ' ' ' A = A = = + A And then we have
. )] ( ) ( [ ) ' ' (
) ' ' (
,t''-T u C - ,t''-T i L e vt
T t
L
R
J

= u
So we obtain
| | ) , ( ) , ( ) (
) (
T t i L T t u C e vt
T t
L
R
W
+ A + + A = u
+
(19)
| | ) , ( ) , ( ) (
) (
T t u C T t i L e vt
T t
L
R
J
A A = u

. (20)
From (16) by x = 0 we have
( ) ( ) | |
( ) ( ) | | .
2
) , 0 (
2
) , 0 (
vt vt
L
e
t i
vt vt
C
e
t u
J W
t
L
R
J W
t
L
R
u + u =
u u =
(21)
Substituting ) ( vt
W
u and ) (vt
J
u from (19) and (20) into (21) we obtain:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
(
(
A A + A + + A =
+
T t u C T t i L e T t i L T t u C e
C
t u
L
T t R
L
T t R
, , , ,
2
1
) , 0 (
) ( ) (
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
(
(
A A + + A + + A =
+
T t u C T t i L e T t i L T t u C e
C
t i
L
T t R
L
T t R
, , , ,
2
1
) , 0 (
) ( ) (
.

Substitute the above expressions into the boundary conditions (1), (2) we have
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
,
) (
~
) (
) (
~
2
, , , ,
) (
0 0
0 0
0
0 0
0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
) (
0
) (
0 0
C G
C G
C G
C G
C G
L
T t R
L
T t R
C G
du
u C d
u G
du
u C d
Z
T t u T t i Z e T t i Z T t u e
dt
t du
A A + + A + + A
=
+

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
,
/ )) , 0 ( (
~
2
) ( 2 ) ( 2 , , , ,
, , , ,
2
1
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
) (
0
) (
0
) (
0
) (
0
C G
C G
L
T t R
L
T t R
L
T t R
L
T t R
di t i L d
t E t u T t u T t i Z e T t i Z T t u e
T t u T t i Z e T t i Z T t u e
dt
d
Z
+
(
(
A A + A + + A
=
=
(
(
A A + + A + + A
+
+

1 1 1 1
1
1 1
1
1 1
/ ) (
~
) ( ) , ( ) (
C G C G
C G C G
du u C d
u G t i
dt
t du A
= ,
.
/ )) , ( (
~
) ( ) ( ) , (
) , (
1 1
1
1
1 1
C G
C G
di t i L d
t E t u t u
dt
t di
A
+ A
=
A

Let us put T t + t .Then we arrive at a system that we cannot formulate an initial value problem.

Second manner
We proceed from (14) and obtain
) , 0 (
2
1
) , 0 (
2
1
) , 0 (
) , 0 (
2
1
) , 0 (
2
1
) , 0 (
t J e
L
t W e
L
t i
t J e
C
t W e
C
t u
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R

+ =
=
And
). , (
2
1
) , (
2
1
) , (
) , (
2
1
) , (
2
1
) , (
t J e
L
t W e
L
t i
t J e
C
t W e
C
t u
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R
A + A = A
A A = A

Substituting in (2.1) and (2.2) we obtain
0 0 0 0
0
0 0
0
0 0
/ ) (
~
2
)) ( ( 2 ) , 0 ( ) , 0 ( ) (
C G C G
C G
t
L
R
t
L
R
C G
du u C d L
t u G L t J e t W e
dt
t du +
=

;
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
/ )) , 0 ( (
~
) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) , 0 ( ) , 0 (
) , 0 ( ) , 0 (
C G
C G
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R
di t i L d
t E L t u L t J e Z t W e Z
t J e t W e
dt
d
+
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+

;
1 1 1 1
1
1 1
1
1 1
/ ) ( 2
)) ( ( 2 ) , ( ) , ( ) (
C G C G
C G
t
L
R
t
L
R
C G
du u dC L
t u G L t J e t W e
dt
t du A + A
=

;
1 1
1
1
1 1
0 0
/ )) , ( (
~
) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) , ( ) , (
) , ( ) , (
C G
C G
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R
t
L
R
di t i L d
t E L t u L t J e Z t W e Z
t J e t W e
dt
d
A
+ A + A
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
A + A

.
But
) , ( ) , 0 ( ), , ( ) , 0 ( ) , ( ) , 0 ( ), , ( ) , 0 ( T t J t J t W T t W t J T t J T t W t W A = A = A = + + A = .
We choose ) , ( ) ( ), ( ) , 0 ( t J t J t W t W A = = to be unknown functions and then the above system becomes

.
/ )) , ( (
~
) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( ) (
) ( ) (
;
/ ) ( 2
)) ( ( 2 ) ( ) ( ) (
;
/ )) , 0 ( (
~
) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( ) (
) ( ) (
;
/ ) (
~
2
)) ( ( 2 ) ( ) ( ) (
1 1
1
1
1 1
0
) (
0
) (
1 1 1 1
1
1 1
1
) (
1 1
0 0
0
0
0 0
) (
0 0
) (
0 0 0 0
0
0 0
0
) (
0 0
C G
C G
t
L
R
T t
L
R
t
L
R
T t
L
R
C G C G
C G
t
L
R
T t
L
R
C G
C G
C G
T t
L
R
t
L
R
T t
L
R
t
L
R
C G C G
C G
T t
L
R
t
L
R
C G
di t i L d
t E L t u L t J e Z T t W e Z
t J e T t W e
dt
d
du u dC L
t u G L t J e T t W e
dt
t du
di t i L d
t E L t u L T t J e Z t W e Z
T t J e t W e
dt
d
du u C d L
t u G L T t J e t W e
dt
t du
A
+ +
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
+
=
+
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
+
=

(22)
We notice that if (22) has a periodic solution

( ) ) ( ), ( ), ( ), (
1 1 0 0
t J t u t W t u
C G C G

Then functions ) ( ), ( t J e t W e
t
L
R
t
L
R

are oscillatory ones and vanishing exponentially at infinity. Therefore we put
) ( ) ( ), ( ) ( t J e t J t W e t W
t
L
R
t
L
R

= =

and then we can state the problem for existence-uniqueness of an oscillatory solution
vanishing at infinity of the following system (we denote by ) ( ), ( t J t W

again by ) ( ), ( t J t W ) and obtain:
); ; [ ,
/ )) , ( (
~
) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( ) (
) ( ) (
); ; [ ,
/ ) ( 2
)) ( ( 2 ) ( ) ( ) (
); ; [ ,
/ )) , 0 ( (
~
) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( ) (
) ( ) (
); ; [ ,
/ ) (
~
2
)) ( ( 2 ) ( ) ( ) (
1 1
1
1
1 1
0 0
1 1 1 1
1
1 1
1
1 1
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0 0
0
0 0
e
A
+ +
+
=
e
+
=
e
+
+
=
e
+
=
T t
di t i L d
t E L t u L t J Z T t W Z
dt
T t dW
dt
t dJ
T t
du u dC L
t u G L t J T t W
dt
t du
T t
di t i L d
t E L t u L T t J Z t W Z
dt
T t dJ
dt
t dW
T t
du u C d L
t u G L T t J t W
dt
t du
C G
C G
C G C G
C G C G
C G
C G
C G C G
C G C G
(23)
, ) ( , ) (
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
T
C G C G
T
C G C G
u T u u T u = = ] , 0 [ ,
) ( ) (
,
) ( ) (
), ( ) ( ), ( ) (
0 0
0 0
T t
dt
t dJ
dt
t dJ
dt
t dW
dt
t dW
t J t J t W t W e = = = = .

IV. ANALYSIS OF THE ARISING NONLINEARITIES
First we precise the definition domains of the functions:
) 1 , 0 ( ,
) ). ( ( ) (
~
= = p
dt
u u C d
dt
u C d
p p

Where
( )
h
p
h
p p
h
p
p
p
u
c
u
c
u C
u
u
=
u
=
/ 1
) ( , ] 3 , 2 [ , 0 , 0 e > u > h c
p p
are constants and { }
1 0 0
, min u u < s | u . We have to
show an interval for u where
h
p
h
p p p p
u
u
c u C u u C
u
u = = ) ( . ) (
~

Has a strictly positive lower bound.
First we calculate the derivatives

( ) ;
) (
1
h
h
p
h
p p
p
u
h
c
du
u dC
+
u
u
= ( ) h
h
p
h
p p
p
u
h
h
h
c
du
u C d
2 1
2
2
1
) (
+
u
+
u
= ;
= + =
du
u dC
u u C
du
u C d
p
p
p
) (
) (
) (
~
( ) ( ) ( ) h
p p
h
p p
h
p
h
p p
h
p
h
p p
u u
h
h
c u
h
u
c u c
1
1 1
1 1
1

u
(
|
.
|
\
|
u u = u u + u u ;
( ) ( )
( )
( )
.
1 2 2
1
1
1 1
) (
~
1
2
2 2
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
h
p
p
h
p p
h
p p
h
p
h
p p
p
u
u h h h
h
c
u
h
u
h
h
u
h
h
c
du
u C d
+

u
+ + + u
u
=
(
(
u |
.
|
\
|
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
u u |
.
|
\
|
u =
Since { }
)
`
< u u < s
1 0 1 0 0
1
,
1
min , min
h
h
h
h
u |
the derivative
0
) (
~
>
du
u C d
p
.
Then { } . 0
, min ] . [ : ) (
~
min
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
> =
+ u
u
=
+ u
u
u
u = e
p
h
p
h
p p
h
p
h
p p
h
p
h
p p p
C
c
c c u u C
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Further on we have
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) | |
( )
.
1 2 2 1 2
) (
~
2 1
0
2
0
2
1
0
2 1
1
0
s
u
+ + u u
=
u
u +
+
u
u
s
+
+ + h
h
p
p
h
p p
h
p
h
p p
h
p
h
p p
p
h
h u h c
h
c h
u
h
c
du
u C d
|
|
| |

( ) ( ) | |
( )
( )
( )
.
2 1 2
) 1 (
2 1
0
2
0
2 1
0
2
0 0
p
h
h
p
p
h
p p
h
h
p
p
h
p p
C
h
h c
h
h h c
u
+ u u
=
u
+ + u u
s
+ +
|
|
|
| |

For
)
`
u u
+
< s s
1 0 0 0
, ,
1
min
h
h
u | | it follows
( ) ( )
) 1 (
0
1
0
1
1 1
) (
~
p p
h
h
p
h
p p
p
h
h
p
h
p p
p
C
h
h
c
u
h
h
u
c
du
u C d
|
.
|
\
|
u
+ u
u
> |
.
|
\
|
u
u
u
=
+ +
|
|
.

Therefore
{ }
( )
,
) 1 (
) (
~
] , [ : ) (
~
min
1
1
0
0
0 0 0 p
h
p
p
h
p p
p p
C
h h
h
c
C u u C =
+ u
+ u
u
= = e
+
|
|
| | |

( )
( )
( )
( )
) 2 (
1
2
0
0
2 2
2 1
2
2 2
2 2
2
1 2 2 1 2 2 ) (
~
p
h
p
p
h
p p
h
p
p
h
p p
p
C
h h h
h
c
u
u h h h
h
c
du
u C d
u
+ + + u
u
s
u
+ + + u
u
s
+ +
|
|
.

For the I-V characteristics we assume ) 1 , 0 ( , ) (
1
) (
= =
=
p i r i R
m
n
n p
n p

and
=
=
m
n
n p
n p
i l i L
0
) (
) ( then
. . ) ( . ) (
~
0
) (
=
= =
m
n
n p
n p p
i l i i L i i L
For ) (
~
i L
p
we get

= = =
+ = + = + =
m
n
n p
n
m
n
n p
n
m
n
n p
n p
p p
i l n i l i nl i i L
di
i dL
i
di
i L d
1
) (
1
) (
1
1 ) (
) 1 ( ) (
) ( ) (
~
.
Assumptions (C):

( )
;
2
) , 0 (
0
0 0
0
|
s
+
s
J W e
t u
T

( )
;
2
) , (
0
0 0
0
|
s
+
s A
J W e
t u
T

( )
0
0
0 0
0
2
) , 0 ( I s
+
s
Z
J W e
t i
T
,
( )
0
0
0 0
0
2
) , ( I s
+
s A
Z
J W e
t i
T
.
Assumptions (L): , 0
) 1 (
) (
~
) 1 (
1
) (
0
> > + = < I s

=
p
m
n
n p
n
p
L i l n
di
i L d
i


) 2 (
1
1
1
0
) (
2
2
) 1 (
1
0
) (
) 1 (
) (
~
, ) 1 (
) (
~
p
m
n
n p
n
p
p
m
n
n p
n
p
L l n n
di
i L d
L l n
di
i L d
= I + s = I + s

=
=
.
Assumptions (G): . ) ( ) ( , ) ( ) (
1
1 1
) 1 (
1 1
1
1
0 0
) 0 (
0 0
0
= =
= =
m
n
n
L R n L R
m
n
n
L R n L R
i g i G i g i G

V. CONCLUSION
Here we have investigated lossy transmission lines terminated by circuits different from parallel or in series
connected RGLC-elements. It turned out that in this case one obtains more number of equations which leads to more
complicated boundary conditions at both ends of the line. First difficulty is to find independent unknown functions
voltages and currents and to obtain a system of neutral differential equations. We show that just oscillatory solutions are
specific for the lossy transmission lines and in the second part of the paper we formulate conditions for existence-uniqueness
of an oscillatory solution. They can be easily applied to concrete problem because they are explicit type conditions just
inequalities between specific parameters of the line and characteristics of the circuit.

REFERENCES
[1] G. Miano, and A. Maffucci, Transmission lines and lumped circuits (Academic Press, NY, 2-nd ed., 2010)
[2] D. Pozar, Microwave engineering (J. Wiley & Sons, NY, 1998).
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[4] S. Ramom, J.R. Whinnery, and T.van Duzer, Fields and waves in communication electronics (J. Wiley & Sons, Inc. NY, 1994).
[5] S. Rosenstark, Transmission lines in computer engineering (Mc Grow-Hill, NY, 1994).
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Lossy Transmission Lines Terminated by Parallel Connected RC-Loads and in Series Connected L-Load (I)

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International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)

www.ijmer.com Vol.3, Issue.3, May-June. 2013 pp-1410-1418 ISSN: 2249-6645

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