LEARN TO READ LATIN CH.

12

Learn to Read Latin: Ch. 12

113: Direct Questions
Nnne illud carmen lgist? You read that poem, didnt you? Num illud carmen lgist? You didnt read that poem, did you?

117: Subordinate Clauses: IIThe Conjunction cum

Type of Clause Temporal Mood of Verb Indicative Translation of cum (at the time) when (under the circumstances) when

Circumstantial

Causal Concessive

118: The Irregular Verbs vol, nl, ml

vol, velle, volu, Pres. Act. Indic. Pres. Act. Subj.
Sing. 1st 2nd 3rd vol vs vult Plur. Sing. velim velis velit Plur.

1st 2nd 3rd

Present Active Participle: nlns

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Sing. nl nn vs nn vult

Indicative (pres. or fut. time) Subjunctive (past time)

nl, nlle, nlu, Pres. Act. Indic. Pres. Act. Subj.

Plur. nlumus nn vultis nlunt 1st 2nd 3rd Sing. nlim nls nlit Plur. nlmus nltis nlint

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Subjunctive Subjunctive volumus vultis volunt

since / because although

Present Active Participle: volns

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1st 2nd 3rd

velmus veltis velint

Present Active Imperative: nl, nlte

LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 12

ml, mlle, mlu, Pres. Act. Indic. Pres. Act. Subj.

Sing. 1st 2nd 3rd ml mvs mvult Plur. mlumus mvultis mlunt 1st 2nd 3rd Sing. mlim mlis mlit Plur. mlmus mltis mlint

Vocabulary grtia, grtiae f. favor, kindness; gratitude, thanks littera, litterae f. letter (of the alphabet); in pl., letter, epistle memoria, memoriae f. memory dubium, dubi n. doubt, hesitation gns, gentis, -ium f. nation, people; clan, family fors, fortis, -ium f. chance, luck mns, montis, -ium m. mountain rmor, rmris m. rumor

fs (indecl. noun) n. (what is divinely) right; (what is) permitted nefs (indecl. noun) n. (what is divinely) forbidden; sacrilege

dubit, dubitre, dubitv, dubittus hesitate; doubt r, rre, rv, rtus pray (for), beg (for) rog, rogre, rogv, rogtus ask (for) spr, sprre, sprv, sprtus hope (for) cnci, cncere, cnfc, cnfectus accomplish, complete oblvscor, oblvsc, obltus sum forget (+ gen.) praeci, praecere, praefc, praefectus put in charge (of) nfer, nferre, intul, illtus carry (into); inict (on) praefer, praeferre, praetul, praeltus prefer praesum, praeesse, praefu, praefutrus be in charge (of), be in command (of) vol, velle, volu, be willing, want, wish ml, mlle, mlu, want more, prefer nl, nlle, nlu, be unwilling, not want, not wish

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LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 12

dignus, -a, -um worthy (of) (+ abl.) indignus, -a, -um unworthy (of) (+ abl.) dubius, -a, -um doubtful an (conj.) [introduces an indirect question] whether cum (conj.) when; since; although modo (adv.) only, just; now, just now necne (conj.) [in indirect question] or not nnne (interrog. particle) [introduces a direct question expecting the answer "yes"] num (interrog. particle) [introduces a question expecting "no"] praeter (prep. + acc.) beyond, except qun (conj.) [introduces doubting clause] that qu (interrog. adv.) to where, whither tum / tunc (adv.) then, at that time unde (interrog. adv.) from where, whence utrum (interrog. particle) [introduces the rst question of a double direct question or indirect question]

utrum an whether -ne an or

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