Composite Structures

By Vivek P. Gohel

Why Composite?
Concrete

is efficient in compression and steel in tension Concrete encasement restrain steel against buckling Protection against corrosion and fire Steel bring ductility into the structure

Architectural Advantage
Longer

Spans Thinner slabs Lesser Superstructure Depth More Slender Column Gives Architect Freedom

Economical Aspect
Quick

Construction

Railway Line is Disturbed For Less Time Earlier construction thus increase in rental income

Light

Weight hence savings in Column Saving in Foundation Cost

Serviceability Aspects
It

can be Easily Repaired Without Disturbing the Occupancy.

Components
Shear Connector Concrete Slab

Steel Plate Girder

Design Consideration
Prepare

Grillage analysis Design of Plate Girder Design of Slab

Grillage Analysis
What

is the Span? No of Girders C/c Distance between Girder Skew of the span Composite Properties Staad Analysis Results Compilation

Railway specifications
Span Square C/C Spacing of of girders bearin gs 18m 2.50 m 24m 2.50 m 30m 2.50 m 36m 2.50 m Total no. of Depth of Total tracks Steel Girder depth including including future deck tracks slab 3 1.20 m 1.60 m 4 1.50 m 1.90 m 5 1.90 m 2.30 m 6 2.20 m 2.60 m

Results Compilation

Computation of Bending Moment and Shear Force for DL and SIDL case DL Includes

SIDL Includes

Self Weight of Girder Deck Slab Dead Load Weight of Accessories Wearing Coat Crash Barrier Parapet Footpath

 Computation

of Live Load Bending Moment and Shear force

Bending Moment For Envelop Case

Design Of Plate Girder

Stage 1- Only Girder

Effective Length =0.7 L Calculation of Permissible stress for bending compression

Calculation of Actual Stress

Design Of Plate Girder

Stage 2- Working

Effective Length

Calculation of Permissible stress for bending compression

As per IRC24: Cl 508.4.5 the beam is fully restrained by deck slab.

Calculation of Actual Stress

 Check

for Shear Stress for Bearing Stress

As per (IRC24:2001, CL.508.7)

Check

Check

for Combine Stress

Design Of Shear Connector

Calculation

of Shear Force Allowable force Qu IRC 22:2008 (Table : 7) Spacing = Allowable Force/ Total shear Design as per Fatigue Criteria Shear force due to no. of cycles of load

Design Of Splices
Web

Splice Flange Splice

Web Splice
Moment

resisted by web and flange as per the ratio of their moment of ineria
Iw Mw M I

Thickness

of web splice plate

3M w t 2 hs Fb

No. of Rows (n)

6 x M web mx pxR

2 2 2 r x y

Bolt

on extreme fiber top right will develop the maximum force. Horizontal component of force Fm on bolt
Vertical

component of force Fm on bolt

 Total

Vertical Force on each bearing Fm Sinq + Total shear force/No. of Bolts Resultant will be the square root of summation of squares of Hori. and Vertical Force in bolt.

Flange splice
Total

stress in flange plate

Total

force in flange plate= stress x area Total no. of bolts = force / Rivet value

Fatigue Check

In materials science, fatigue is the progressive and localized structural damage that occurs when a material is subjected to cyclic loading. Fatigue check is done for joint between Web and Flange, and for the joint between Stiffner and girder. It is done for 10 x 106 Cylces As per clause 6.6.1.2.2 of AASHTO LRFD Bridge design specification-Section 6

Thank You