EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT FOR THE PROVINCE OF PAMPANGA AND THE CITY OF FERNANDO CITY1 Ms.

May Batenga Eclar had been a school division superintendant (SDS) of the city of San Fernando in Pampanga for over four years as of year-end 2012. She became the SDS of San Fernando in September 2008 and, throughout her stint, had developed and implemented strategies to improve and sustain the division. But prior to her stint in San Fernando, she was the SDS of the city of Muoz in Nueva Ecija. Although Nueva Ecija was also a province in the Central Luzon Region (i.e. Region III), May knew that Pampanga and the city of San Fernando possessed environmental conditions and nuances that differed from those she experienced in Nueva Ecija. These environmental factors encompassed the political, economic, social, technological realms that affected the education industry. In a new environment, May realized that to become an effective superintendent, she had to fully understand her new province and city, and determine the environmental factors that significantly influence the education sector there. Among the key questions she had to answer were the following: What were the relevant, important, and urgent factors that influenced the education sector in Pampanga and its capital city, San Fernando? How were these factors linked to the education outputs and outcomes? What significant magnitudes (quantitative trends) should she look out for in her new environment? How could she synthesize the key factors for her to derive meaningful patterns, trends, correlations, and other significant insights about her new division? The Province of Pampanga Pampanga was one of seven provinces included in the economically vibrant Region III or Central Luzon. The province was situated at the heart of the region, 60 kilometers away from the National Capital Region or about one and a half hours (1) land travel from Metro Manila. Geographically, Pampanga was bounded on the north by Tarlac and Nueva Ecija, Bulacan on the east, on the southwest by Bataan, and on the west by Zambales. Pampanga occupied a total land area of 2,180.68 square kilometers or roughly 218,068 hectares, representing 12 percent of Central Luzons total geographic size. Based on the latest National Statistics Office (NSO) census data, the province with its 22 cities and municipalities had a total population of 2,226,127 as of 2010. Consequently, Pampanga had the second largest population in Region III, next only to Bulacan, accounting for 22.9 percent of the regions population of 9,720,982. This was the third largest region after the National Capital Region and Region IV-A of Southern Tagalog. The capital of the province, San Fernando, had the second largest population with 269,365 or roughly 12.1 percent of the provincial population (Table 1). The most
1

This case was written by Michael Benedict A. Lopez under the supervision of Dr. Eduardo A. Morat, Jr.

heavily populated city was Angeles City with 314,493 residents (i.e. 14.1% of total population). On the other hand, the less populated areas were Bacolor, Sasmuan, San Simon, Sto. Tomas and Sta. Rita. According to data culled from the Pampanga City Planning Office, for the period 2000-2010, the municipalities that registered the highest growth rates were Sasmuan, 6.64 percent; Bacolor, 6.59 percent and Mexico, 3.11 percent. Of the 22 cities and municipalities in Pampanga, 13 were classified as firstclass; one second-class; four were third-class; and four were fourth class municipalities. In comparison vis--vis the national population, Pampanga had a higher population growth at 3.5 percent annually compared to the national average of 2.1 percent from 1995 to 2010 (Table 2). This suggested a high in-migration rate. Consequently, San Fernando also attained a slightly higher growth rate compared to the national average. Table 1: Population of Pampanga
City / Municipality Angeles City Apalit Arayat Bacolor Candaba Floridablanca Guagua Lubao Mabalacat Macabebe Magalang Masantol Mexico Minalin Porac City of San Fernando San Luis San Simon Sta. Ana Sta. Rita Sto. Tomas Sasmuan Total Population 314,493 97,296 118,312 25,238 96,589 103,388 104,284 143,058 203,307 70,332 98,595 50,984 141,298 40,084 102,962 269,365 47,517 48,050 49,756 36,723 37,866 26,630 2,226,127 Percentage 14.1% 4.3% 5.3% 1.1% 4.3% 4.6% 4.6% 6.4% 9.1% 3.1% 4.4% 2.2% 6.3% 1.8% 4.6% 12.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.2% 1.6% 1.7% 1.1% 100.0% Class 1st class 1st class 1st class 3rd class 1st class 1st class 1st class 1st class 1st class 1st class 1st class 2nd class 1st class 4th class 1st class 1st class 3rd class 3rd class 3rd class 4th class 4th class 4th class

Source: Pampanga Investment Promotion Plan 2011-2013

Table 2: Population of the Philippines, Pampanga, and San Fernando City

1995 Philippines % growth rate Pampanga % growth rate San Fernando % growth rate 68,616,536 1,401,756 193,025 2000 76,504,077 11.5% 1,882,730 34.3% 221,857 14.9% 2007 88,574,614 15.8% 1,909,041 1.6% 265,073 19.5% 2010 92,337,852 4.2% 2,226,127 16.4% 269,365 1.6% Average % Growth 2.1% 3.5% 2.4%

Source: National Statistics Office/ Region III 2011 CL Investment and Employment Performance

Age-wise, the population of Pampanga aged 0 to 17 years of age numbered to 764,209 as of census year 2007, while the 18 and above individuals totaled 1,144,832 (Table 3). In terms of gender, males slightly outnumbered females in the province. Table 3: Population of Pampanga by Age, 2007
Age All ages Under 1 14 59 10 14 15 19 20 24 25 29 30 34 35 39 40 44 45 49 50 -54 55 59 60 64 65 69 70 74 75 79 80 and over 0 17 18 and over
Source: National Statistics Office

Both Sexes 1,909,041 42,007 174,143 219,797 206,424 195,206 172,375 164,098 140,112 135,739 112,656 91,725 75,029 57,154 42,264 30,598 22,428 13,739 13,547 764,209 1,144,832

Male 967,699 21,833 90,155 113,718 106,252 99,323 87,614 83,157 71,259 69,417 57,431 46,851 37,838 28,339 20,316 14,106 9,900 5,662 4,528 394,389 573,310

Female 941,342 20,174 83,988 106,079 100,172 95,883 84,761 80,941 68,853 66,322 55,225 44,874 37,191 28,815 21,948 16,492 12,528 8,077 9,019 369,820 571,522

As of 2010, Pampanga had an employment rate of 90.2 percent and a labor force participation rate of 63.4 percent (Tables 4 and 5). According to data gathered from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) unit in Region III, Pampanga had a total employed population of 45,688 as of 2011, the second largest in Region III (Table 6). This represented approximately five percent of total employed persons in Central Luzon. Table 4: Employment Rate of Provinces in Region Three
Region NCR Region III Aurora Bataan Bulacan Nueva Ecija Pampanga Tarlac Zambales
Source: National Statistics Office

2008 93.2 91.9 87.5 89.3 91.8 95.8 88.9 92.8 92.3

2009 92.9 91.3 97.3 89.4 90.9 95.8 87.5 91.0 93.4

2010 92.9 92.0 95.6 87.9 91.3 96.7 90.2 90.7 89.2

Table 5: Labor Force Participation of Provinces in Region III

Region NCR Region III Aurora Bataan Bulacan Nueva Ecija Pampanga Tarlac Zambales
Source: National Statistics Office

2008 63.7 60.0 69.8 57.9 61.8 61.5 57.3 58.7 59.8

2009 64.0 60.9 70.5 59.0 61.7 64.5 57.4 60.2 60.5

2010 64.2 61.3 67.7 54.7 65.5 64.1 54.4 63.4 57.8

Table 6: Central Luzon (Region III) Employment Generation

PROVINCE Aurora Bataan Bulacan Nueva Ecija Pampanga Tarlac Zambales Total 2011 1,555 8,657 21,816 13,211 45,688 8,508 820,245 919,680 % Share 0% 1% 2% 1% 5% 1% 90% 100 %

Source: Region III 2011 CL Investment and Employment Performance

In determining the type of jobs people from Pampanga usually chose as occupations, one could get a glimpse of this from the employment trends in Region III. In particular, as seen in Table 7, the majority of the employees in the region worked as laborers and unskilled workers; followed by government workers and private professionals; and then by service workers, shop, and market sakes personnel. Table 7: Labor Force by Major Industry Group in Central Luzon 2007-2011 (in thousands)
Region III Central Luzon Officials of Government and Special-Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors and Supervisors Professionals Technicians and Associate Professionals Clerks Service Workers and Shop and Market Sales Workers Farmers, Forestry Workers and Fishermen Trades and Related Workers Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers Laborers and Unskilled Workers Special Occupations
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics/Department of Labor and Employment

2007 3,410

2008 3,485

2009 3,592

2010 3,716

2011 3,831

407 155 97 190 415 342 381 409 997 18

533 164 91 212 442 306 388 314 1,015 21

626 170 90 231 497 295 380 270 1,017 18

644 187 93 258 504 298 384 276 1,057 16

707 186 99 262 535 264 378 249 1,135 17

A significant trend in the population and labor profiles of Pampanga was the huge Overseas Filipino worker (OFW) population the province deployed annually (Table 8). In fact, as of 2009, the province was the largest source of OFW among all the provinces with 73,718 deployed that year. Pampanga also generated the fourth largest OFW remittances in the country. In terms of occupation group, most OFW ended up working as laborers and unskilled workers; followed by trade and related workers; and then by service workers, shop, and market sales workers (Table 9) Table 8: Top 10 Provinces in Overseas Filipino Workers Deployments and Remittances, 2009
Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Most Number of OFW Province Number Pampanga 73,718 Pangasinan 66,491 Laguna 52,350 Iloilo 52,033 Batangas 49,996 Cavite 46,186 Rizal 45,958 Cebu 42,813 Bulacan 39,052 Tarlac 39,049 Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Largest Source of Remittances Province Value Rizal 13,827,898,329 Cavite 13,008,721,282 Laguna 10,901,483,387 Pampanga 10,181,150,362 Iloilo 10,180,940,731 Cebu 9,933,082,763 Batangas 8,372,707,427 Pangasinan 7,872,436,236 Bulacan 7,787,252,559 Zambales 5,730,599,745

Source: Institute for Migration and Development Studies

Table 9: Distribution of OFW by Major Occupation Group, 2008 to 2010

2008 Major Occupation Group Both Sexes (percent share) 2002 2009 Sex Total (in Ratio thousands) 2/ 1.07 1911 Sex Ratio 2/ 1.12 2010 Total (in thousands) Sex Ratio 2/ 1.10 2008-2010 Sex Total (in Ratio thousands) 2/ 1986 1.09

Philippines Number (in Thousands)

2043

Total Officials of government and special-interest organizations corporate executive, managers, managing proprietors and supervisors Professionals Technician and associate professionals Clerk Service workers and shop and market sales workers Farmers, forestry workers and fishermen Trade and related works Plant and machine operators and assembler Laborers and unskilled workers Special Occupation

100.0 2.7 9.6 6.2 5.6 14.3 0.6 15.7 13.0 32.4

1.07 3.20 1.13 1.63 0.68 0.59 4.81 14.40 11.80 0.23

100.0 2.5 10.1 6.3 4.9 14.8 0.3 14.9 13.9 32.3 0.1

1.12 3.10 1.04 2.51 0.53 0.73 6.73 16.63 18.61 0.22

100.0 2.5 9.9 5.6 5.4 15.1 0.3 14.9 14.3 32.0 *

1.10 2.26 1.02 2.38 0.59 0.83

100 2.6 9.9 6.0 5.3 14.7 0.4

1.09 2.81 1.06 2.11 0.60 0.72 4.87 16.33 11.94 0.22

18.55 8.95 0.20

15.2 13.7 32.2

Source: National Statistics Office survey of Overseas Foreign Workers

In terms of health and vital statistics indicators, the province of Pampanga averaged a crude birth rate averaging 24.68 per thousand population from 2000 to 2005. As seen in Table 10, the crude birth rate in Pampanga had shown a decreasing trend from 6.68 in 2000 to 2005 to 6.22 in 2005 to 2010, as well as crude death rates and fertility rates. The crude death rate was forecasted to decline further to 6.06. Statistics also revealed that life expectancies of residents of Pampanga were increasing from 67.91 years from 2000-2005 to a projected average of 70.31 years in 2010-2015 for males. On the other hand, the female population was expected to live longer from 75.22 years in 2000-2005 to 77.22 years by 2010-2015. Table 10: Pampanga Province Vital Statistics and Health Indicators
Crude Birth (per thousand population) Crude death (per thousand population) Crude rate of natural increase (per thousand population) Total fertility rate (number of children per woman) Life expectancy (in years; medium assumption) Male Female 2010-2015 (projections) 21.03 6.06 14.97 2.60 70.31 77.22 2005-2010 22.81 6.22 16.59 2.80 69.11 76.22 2000-2005 24.68 6.68 18.00 3.00 67.91 75.22

Income-wise, Pampanga was deemed a first-class province according to the DTI. The province generated an average family income of Php160,827; average expenditures of Php125.709; and average savings of Php35,118 in 2008 (Table 11). Although Pampanga registered lower average family income compared to the national and regional average, the province boasted of bigger average family savings. In particular, the national family savings average amounted to Php25,000, while the Region III family savings average amounted to Php28,000. Table 11: Average Family Income, Expenditures, Savings, December 2008
Indicator Average family income Average family expenditure Average family savings Philippines 172,000 147,000 25,000 Region III 198,000 170,000 28,000 Pampanga 160,827 125,709 35,118

Source: National Statistical Coordination Board

From an economic perspective, Pampanga belonged to one of the richest regions in the country Region III. This region had consistently ranked among the top three in many economic and financial indicators. For example, Central Luzon was the third largest in the country in terms of total income, total income from local sources, total tax revenue, total expenditures, and total expenditures on education, culture, sports, and manpower development as of 2007 and 2008 (Table 12). Consequently, Region III also garnered the first spot in terms of total income from economic enterprises and second place as far as internal revenue allotment.

Sector-wise, Pampanga and Region III were major agricultural producing areas. Specifically, the region and province were heavy producers of agricultural produce such as palay and corn, as well as livestock and poultry products. such as chicken, swine/hogs, cattle, carabao, goat, and ducks. Due to its close proximity, the region served as a vital supplier of agricultural, livestock, and poultry products to the National Capital Region and Metro Manila. In 2011, Region III harvested approximately 2,600,053 metric tons of (MT) palay and 188,568 MT of corn in 2011 (Table 13). Of the seven provinces in Central Luzon, Pampanga generated the third largest output of corn and palay, producing approximately 309,624 MT of corn and 47,476 MT of palay in 2011. In terms of livestock and poultry, Region III had an inventory of 30,101,551 heads of chicken, 1,497,828 heads of swine, 103,320 heads of carabao meat, 169,902 heads of cattle, and 2,865,031 heads of duck as of 2011 (Table 14). Subsequently, Pampanga owned the second largest number of chicken, swine, and ducks in Region III. Table 12: Top Three Provinces in Select Financial and Economic Indicators
Indicator/Region Total Income NCR Region-IVA Region III Total Income from Local Sources NCR Region-IVA Region III Total Tax Revenue NCR Region-IVA Region III Receipts from Economic Enterprises Region III NCR Region-IVA Internal Revenue Allotment Region-IVA Region III Region VI Total Expenditure NCR Region-IVA Region III Expenditure on Education, Culture, Sports and Manpower Dev't NCR Region-IVA Region III
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board

2007 46,617,152,150 27,703,609,205 22,418,940,933 36,341,920,450 11,462,887,513 6,973,435,567 30,053,817,439 8,901,050,546 4,067,873,916 1,795,156,750 1,429,156,514 1,069,695,236 14,195,664,664 14,091,534,695 12,644,389,600 30,094,732,525 26,182,383,532 20,765,699,712 6,222,512,229 2,772,939,827 1,369,548,669

Rank 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

Region NCR Region-IVA Region III NCR Region-IVA Region III NCR Region-IVA Region III Region III NCR Region-IVA Region-IVA Region III Region VI NCR Region-IVA Region III NCR Region-IVA Region III

2008 51,808,487,686 32,523,096,432 25,767,004,494 40,070,152,865 13,174,431,530 7,863,221,855 31,861,999,109 10,258,561,032 4,788,631,904 1,765,131,575 1,316,036,219 1,174,890,048 17,817,363,894 16,127,673,823 14,243,954,839 40,415,053,159 27,570,483,978 23,233,350,804 6,202,662,882 2,623,967,995 1,300,738,557

Rank 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

Table 13: Palay and Corn Inventory in Region III (in metric tons)
Province Aurora Bataan Bulacan Nueva Ecija Pampanga Tarlac Zambales Central Luzon Palay Harvested Area (has.) Production (M.T) 22,256 83,226 31,217 124,228 60,249 217,318 286,911 1,324,470 68,972 309,264 116,780 433,300 30,528 109,047 617,513 2,600,853 Corn Harvested Area (has.) Production (M.T) 3,009 13,418 1,837 8,850 938 2,261 5,992 15,148 10,442 47,476 16,467 100,888 164 527 38,849 188,568

Source : Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Statistics Pampanga

Table 14: Livestock and Poultry Inventory in Region III (in heads)
Province Aurora Bataan Bulacan Nueva Ecija Pampanga Tarlac Zambales Central Luzon Chicken 132,132 5,270,644 5,722,945 8,227,737 6,568,036 2,984,468 1,231,589 30,101,551 Swine 71,544 70,116 904,100 127,020 111,539 132,405 81,104 1,497,828 Carabao 21,881 7,277 11,674 51,865 23,241 58,000 29,082 103,020 Cattle 7,472 14,123 17,306 32,527 6,812 60,358 31,304 169,902 Goat 11,625 19,150 29,646 73,365 19,312 137,858 25,900 316,856 Duck 25,527 186,781 476,449 499,283 1,048,511 583,369 45,111 2,865,031

Source : Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Statistics Pampanga

Because of the large concentration of swine, cattle, and chicken producers in Central Luzon, this region attracted a host of meat industry companies engaged in various aspects of meat production and processing. In particular, of the 187 registered meat processing plants in the country, 21 percent or 40 were based in Central Luzon (Table 15). This region also accounted for 25 percent of total meat cutting plants (i.e. 4 out of 16); 13.5 percent of total poultry dressing plants (i.e. 13 out of 95); 10 percent of total cold storage facilities (i.e. 8 out of 79); and 6 percent of cent of total abattoirs (i.e. 8 out of 117). Of the provinces in Central Luzon, Pampanga was home to the most number of meat processing plants in the region and the Philippines (Table 16). Table 15: Number of Registered Meat Processing Plants, Meat Cutting Plants, Poultry Dressing Plants, Cold Storage Facilities, and Abattoirs per Region, as of 2011
Region NCR CAR Ilocos Region Cagayan Region Central Luzon CALABARZON MIMAROPA Bicol Region Western Visayas Central Visayas Meat Processing Plants 57 4 2 1 40 37 3 3 20 Meat cutting Plants 16 1 4 1 1 Poultry Dressing Plants 1 1 14 3 13 10 2 9 11 Cold Storage 24 6 1 8 14 3 3 5 Abattoirs 17 9 9 2 8 22 2 8 3 2

Eastern Visayas Zamboanga Region Northern Mindanao Davao Region SOCCSKSARGEN Caraga ARMM Total
Source: National meat Inspection Service (NMIS)

6 11 1 4 189

3 26

7 4 10 5 3 1 94

4 5 5 1 79

1 19 5 5 3 2 117

Table 10: Number of Registered Meat Processing Plants, Meat Cutting Plants, Poultry Dressing Plants, Cold Storage Facilities, and Abattoirs in Provinces in Central Luzon per Region, as of 2011
Meat Processing Plants 40 12 1 23 4 Meat cutting Plants 4 1 1 2 Poultry Dressing Plants 13 1 9 1 1 1 Cold Storage 8 3 3 1 1 Abattoirs 8 5 3 -

Central Luzon Aurora Bataan Bulacan Nueva Ecija Pampanga Tarlac Zambales

Source: National meat Inspection Service (NMIS)

While Pampanga maintained a strong agricultural economy, the province had diversified economically over the years to the point that it already nurtured several major industry clusters. These clusters encompassed the food processing, home furnishings, furniture, and ceramics, gifts and holiday decors, and information and communication technology (ICT). As described and profiled in the document entitled Pampanga Investment Promotions Plan 2011-2013, the industry clusters operating in Pampanga were as follows:

Food processing. The province of Pampanga is known for good cooks, gourmet
delights and a thriving meat processing industry. The province had established its reputation as the home of fine cuisine and good food. Noted among the good food identified with the Kapampangans are savory tocino and longganisa which people from different parts of the country look when they visit the province. The province is home to best meat processing plants in the country. Furthermore, Pampanga has had such a longtime romance with lavishly prepared dishes and sweet delicacies that through the years, many Kapampangans did not hesitate to call on their innate culinary talent to start their own business. The province is highly recognized for its sweetened delicacies and well prepared courses. Naturally rich in rice and sugar, Pampanga region sweetens most of its dishes particularly desserts. Its incredibly tasty turrones, marzipans and meringues are some Spanish-style creams puffs or egg yolk custards. Food is attributed to its earthy abundance like fermented crabs, fermented rice sauce or buro, fermented frogs, milkfish in sour soup, and fried mole crickets.

Home furnishings, furniture, and ceramics. Woodcarving and furniture making

are two of the oldest professions in the province. Pampanga boasts of world-class quality furniture. The towns known for this enterprise are Guagua, Angeles City, Mabalacat and the City of San Fernando. Betis in Guagua is famous for its guitarmaking industry. Pampanga has been the home of skilled furniture manufacturers for decades. The province had gained the reputation as place of fine furniture and wood works. Moreover, for many generations, Kapampangans are known to have fashioned pots and bowls of baked clay for their daily use. In Sto. Tomas, where clay remains abundantly available, this age-old art continues to thrive and find expression as one of the towns primary source of commerce. Home to many traditional potters, Sto. Tomas is the place to go for its decorative clay jars, classic earthenware, and assorted potteries.

Gifts and Holiday Decors. The local gifts and holiday decor (GHD) industrys
strengths are the natural materials available in the province and the ingenuity of local crafts persons. The industry is labor-intensive since products are mainly handcrafted. Product lines include handcrafted ornaments and decorations for Christmas, Halloween, Easter and other festive celebrations, baskets, resins, toys and dolls, glassware and other gift items.

Information and Communication technology. Information and Communication

Technology (ICT) is an industry where the Filipino has the competitive advantage over our neighbors in the Asian region. The Philippines is now the world leader in terms of jobs for shared services and Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) services and Pampanga is fast becoming one of the IT/BPO outsourcing destination. With the higher level of commitments of the stakeholders in the industry, human resource development programs were implemented to prepare the manpower needs of the industry and various promotion activities were undertaken. Pampanga has the potentials to fully benefit from an ICT-driven world. Contact/Call Center, Medical Transcription, Software Development, Shared Financial and Accounting and Animation services are the 2 identified niches in the ICT Industry.

Pampanga also rapidly developed economically and its industries flourished due to the establishment and operation of several major economic zones and industrial parks in strategic areas in the province. These included the Angeles Industrial Park, the Angeles Livelihood Complex, Clark Freeport Zone, Berthaphil Industrial Park, Clark Premier Industrial Park Philexcel Business Park, San Simon Industrial Park, and Powerpoint Industrial Park, Teco Special Economic Zone, and the SM Pampanga IT Park (See Exhibit 1). The operation of these economic zones and industrial parks was greatly facilitated by the creation of modern infrastructure facilities namely the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX), the Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway (SCTEX), the Diosdado Macapagal International Airport, and modern port facilities in Clark. Ultimately, these economic zones and industrial parks generated substantial export revenues for Pampanga, making it the highest export-earnings province in Central Luzon. For example, in 2011, Pampanga earned roughly 60 percent of the total export earnings of Central Luzon (Table 17). The top export earners of according to industry classification were in
2

Derived from the document entitled Pampanga Investments Promotions Plan 2011-2013 prepared by DTI-Region III Office

electronics; machinery and transport equipment; garments and textiles; metal manufacture; furniture and furnishings; fashion accessories/leather goods; gifts, toys, and house wares (GTH); and food processing (Table 18). Table 17: Central Luzon Export Performance by Province, 2011
PROVINCE Bataan Bulacan Nueva Ecija Pampanga Tarlac Zambales Total 2011 EXPORTS GENERATED (in US$) 265,380,416.64 95,884,222.30 4,236,072.00 2,362,566,183.81 547,483,676.44 659,630,935.49 3,935,181,506.68 % SHARE 7% 2% 0% 60% 14% 17% 100%

Source: Pampanga Investment Promotion Plan 2011-2013

Table 18: 2011 Top 10 Export Performers in Pampanga

Sector Electronics Machinery/Transport Equipment/ Apparatus & Parts Garments/Textiles Metal Manufacture Other Industrial Manufacture Furniture & Furnishings Other Consumer Manufacture Fashion Accessories / Leather Goods Gifts, Toys & House wares (GTH) Food & Processed Food
Sources: 2013

Export Performance (US$) 1,604,782,780.11 310,074,307.93 251,101,623.87 92,466,334.69 28,701,076.72 19,561,710.08 17,775,481.49 14,406,798.18 12,002,263.66 10,258,756.06

OSEDC Manila& Clark/Clark Development Corporation/Pampanga Investment Promotion Plan 2011-

The Education Industry in Pampanga and San Fernando Apart from a thriving economic sector, the province of Pampanga also sustained a flourishing education industry made up of 813 schools and educational institutions based on data gathered from DTI-Region III office (Table 19). These included 39 colleges, 19 technical/vocational schools, 105 government schools, 69 private schools, 470 government elementary schools, and 113 private elementary schools. Consequently, four (4) of the schools were offering Contact/Call Center Management Courses, three (3) schools on medical transcription courses, seven (7) schools on special IT elective subjects and four (4) schools on special communication programs. Table 19: Number and Breakdown of Schools in Pampanga as of 2010
Level Colleges Vocational/Technical Schools Government Secondary Schools Private Secondary Schools Government Elementary Schools Private Elementary Schools Total
Source: Pampanga Investment Promotion Plan 2011-2013

No. of Schools 39 17 105 69 470 113 813

As far as primary school enrolment was concerned, Pampanga registered a consistently rising enrolment from school year (SY) 2007 to 2011. In SY 2007-2008 for instance, the province enrolled a total of 1,230,566 primary school students (Table 20). By SY 2010-2011, total primary school enrolment had increased to 1,287,192. Consequently, the gross enrollment ratio and net enrolment ratio as of SY 2010-2011 were 104.05 percent and 90.20 percent respectively. In the city of San Fernando, gross enrolment ratio was lower than the provincial figure at 86.50 percent, while net enrolment ratio was also lower than the provincial rate at 80.45 percent. Table 20: Public Pre-school and Elementary Enrolment Population and Gross Enrolment Ratio, SY 2007-2011
Total Enrolment (all ages) SY 2010-2011 Total Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2009-2010 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2008-2009 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2007-2008 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III Source: DepEd 46,194 223,611 32,370 1,287,192 44,967 220,878 31,873 1,272,300 43,864 218,527 30,879 1,249,962 42,980 215,998 30,008 1,230,566 Public 46,194 223,611 32,370 1,287,192 44,967 220,878 31,873 1,272,300 43,864 218,527 30,879 1,249,962 42,980 215,998 30,008 1,230,566 Total 40,046 195,150 28,043 1,112,792 38,901 192,806 27,527 1,098,168 38,342 191,958 26,695 1,084,568 37,622 189,071 26,100 1,064,887 Public 40,046 195,150 28,043 1,112,792 38,901 192,806 27,527 1,098,168 38,342 191,958 26,695 1,084,568 37,622 189,071 26,100 1,064,887 Total Enrolment (ages 6-11) Population (ages 6-11) 44,396 242,561 37,421 1,435,272 45,246 240,523 37,105 1,436,908 43,646 235,182 37,251 1,396,108 42,472 229,805 36,402 1,364,190 Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) 104.05% 92.19% 86.50% 89.68% 99.38% 91.83% 85.90% 88.54% 100.92% 92.92% 82.89% 89.53% 101.20% 93.99% 82.44% 90.20% Net Enrollment Ratio (NER) 90.20% 80.45% 74.94% 77.53% 85.98% 80.16% 74.19% 76.43% 88.22% 81.62% 71.66% 77.69% 88.58% 82.27% 71.70% 78.06%

In the public high school level, the total enrolment as of SY 2010-2011 hit 583,896 students. This translated to a gross enrolment ratio of 73.25 percent and a net enrolment ratio of 58.22 percent (Table 21). Subsequently, the citys gross enrolment ratio for that school year was 65.31 percent and net enrolment ratio was 53.50 percent both indicators were lower than the national average. However, the city of San Fernando registered higher gross enrolment and net enrolment ratios compared to the province and the national average.

Table 21: Public High School Enrolment and Gross Enrolment Ratio, SY 2007-2011
Total Enrolment (all ages) SY 2010-2011 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2009-2010 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2008-2009 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2007-2008 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III Source: DepEd Total 19,399 98,140 16,827 583,896 18,798 94,011 15,064 566,492 18,499 92,911 14,274 557,476 17,117 89,389 13,533 534,415 Public 19,399 98,140 16,827 583,896 18,798 94,011 15,064 566,492 18,499 92,911 14,274 557,476 17,117 89,389 13,533 534,415 Total Enrolment (ages 12-15) Total 15,418 80,393 11,790 461,106 14,373 74,205 10,465 436,359 14,259 73,968 9,709 430,913 13,326 70,552 8,954 415,903 Public 15,418 80,393 11,790 461,106 14,373 74,205 10,465 436,359 14,259 73,968 9,709 430,913 13,326 70,552 8,954 415,903 Population (ages 12-15) 26,483 150,272 22,839 900,812 26,941 146,604 23,377 866,890 26,625 144,760 22,911 850,788 26,015 141,446 22,389 831,332 Gross Enro Ratio (GER) 73.25% 65.31% 73.68% 64.82% 69.77% 64.13% 64.44% 65.35% 69.48% 64.18% 62.30% 65.52% 65.80% 63.20% 60.44% 64.28% Net Enro Ratio (NER) 58.22% 53.50% 51.62% 51.19% 53.35% 50.62% 44.77% 50.34% 53.55% 51.10% 42.38% 50.65% 51.22% 49.88% 39.99% 50.03%

For the private sector, the province of Pampanga had a total private primary school and secondary school enrolment of 169,927 and 184,151 as of SY 2011-2012 respectively (Table 22). Table 22: Private School Pre-school, Elementary, and High School Enrolment, SY 2007-2011
Number No. of Schools and Level of Offering based on submitted PSP PreSch 54 150 48 1,257 58 138 42 1,207 Elem 54 144 43 1,190 56 132 37 1,154 Sec 30 85 14 660 29 85 16 663 58 163 51 1,383 61 152 46 1,335 Pre-School Enrolment Total 3,230 5,259 2,437 53,087 3,395 5,723 2,387 54,853 Elementary Enrolment Total (Gr1-6) 10,075 20,189 6,455 169,927 10,449 19,277 6,106 167,902 10,388 19,723 6,182 166,799 Secondary Enrolment Total (Yr1-4) 10,750 26,123 4,373 184,151 3,435 26,361 4,436 185,718 10,652 24,075 4,441 180,317

Of
SY 2011-2012 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2010-2011 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2009-2010 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2008-2009 Private Schools

Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2007-2008 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III Source: DepEd 60 162 37 1236

2,995 6,092 2,338 52,580 3,625 6,007 2,275 52,605

9,548 19,418 6,074 157,260 10,187 19,424 6,089 157,570

9,599 25,713 4,523 171,777 10,788 26,022 4,549 175,962

In terms of education performance indicators, the province and the city of San Fernando had seen an erratic trend in recent years. For example, cohort survival rate (CSR) and completion rates for public elementary school showed an improvement in SY 2010-2011 compared to the previous year (Table 23). For the high school level, Pampanga showed a declining trend in CSR and completion rates, but in the case of San Fernando city, these indicators improved significantly in recent years (Table 24). The other education performance indicators such as drop out and teacher-to-pupil ratios for public elementary and high school could be seen in Tables 25 to 28. Meantime, the national averages could also be seen in Table 29. Table 23: Cohort Survival Rate and Completion Rate in Public Elementary Level, SY 2007-2011
SY 2010-2011 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2009-2010 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2008-2009 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2007-2008 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III
Source: DepEd

Gr 1 100% 100% 100% 100%

COHORT SURVIVAL (%) Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 83.36 77.98 72.91 68.52 84.33 79.74 76.35 72.91 85.17 77.35 72.16 69.45 85.82 81.04 77.83 74.49

Gr 6 63.88 69.80 65.06 71.07

Completion Rate 62.59 69.42 64.25 70.35

Coefficient of Efficiency 78.40 84.95 79.25 85.13

Years Input per Graduate 7.65 7.06 6.88

100% 100% 100% 100%

84.06 83.83 77.85 86.23

78.36 77.81 69.87 81.5

76.08 73.74 62.50 78.14

72.94 70.15 57.59 74.96

69.53 66.46 53.01 71.71

68.49 65.79 48.42 71.09

83.13 82.38 67.22 85.66

7.22 7.28 8.93 7.00

100% 100% 100% 100%

84.19 85.70 80.87 87.29

81.83 79.39 79.98 82.83

79.72 74.95 79.10 79.51

77.02 70.92 79.11 76.35

74.73 67.42 77.97 72.94

73.68 66.83 77.9 77.46

86.48 82.30 91.15 86.02

6.94 7.29 6.58 6.97

100% 100% 100% 100%

83.17 85.47 85.40

79.89 80.73 80.48

78.42 76.87 76.97

76.02 73.25 73.31

74.42 69.52 69.72

72.79 68.76 68.8

87.05 83.49 83.57

6.89 7.19 7.18

Table 24: Cohort Survival Rate and Completion Rate in Public High School, SY 2007-2011
COHORT SURVIVAL SY 2010-2011 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2009-2010 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2008-2009 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2007-2008 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III Source: DepEd Yr 1 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Yr 2 76.42 87.32 87.56 85.29 75.77 89.48 83.61 85.65 81.98 88.52 78.55 85.74 73.73 87.18 83.94 85.02 Yr 3 60.34 76.66 77.47 72.79 59.97 78.48 67.53 74.44 67.99 77.44 63.89 74.26 54.28 77.23 69.92 73.12 Yr 4 49.37 67.98 67.63 62.67 47.66 71.36 56.93 54.77 55.78 69.07 52.29 64.95 44.87 68.09 58.70 63.50 Completion Rate 45.77 64.71 62.31 58.43 42.72 69.12 53.16 61.25 53.11 66.10 45.61 60.58 40.81 65.79 53.53 59.87 Coefficient of Efficiency 59.85 75.82 71.96 70.56 55.95 79.38 65.47 73.28 64.19 76.70 60.76 72.27 56.50 77.33 66.05 72.59

Years Input
per Graduate 6.68 5.28 5.56 5.57 7.15 5.04 6.11 5.46 6.23 5.22 6.58 5.53 7.08 5.17 6.06 5.51

Table 25: Drop Out Rate of Public Elementary School Pupils SY 2007-2011
Average Dropout SY 2010-2011 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2009-2010 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2008-2009 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2007-2008 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III Source: DepEd Gr 1 1.13 2.31 2.68 1.45 1.75 3.07 1.92 1.31 1.52 1.93 1.82 1.04 1.77 2.12 1.62 1.34 Gr 2 0.54 0.77 1.37 0.56 1.16 1.06 0.86 0.56 1.03 0.71 0.93 0.48 1.10 0.68 0.80 0.58 Gr 3 0.54 0.74 0.85 0.48 0.98 0.87 0.99 0.53 1.10 0.73 0.59 0.45 0.95 0.62 0.52 0.51 Gr 4 0.67 0.51 0.68 0.45 0.93 0.70 0.79 0.49 1.26 0.65 0.76 0.46 0.62 0.58 0.71 0.55 Gr 5 1.01 0.53 1.18 0.53 1.03 0.86 0.78 0.55 1.42 0.67 0.63 0.55 1.01 0.62 1.02 0.06 Gr 6 0.69 0.42 1.07 0.40 0.85 0.61 0.64 0.44 1.20 0.52 0.45 0.45 0.92 0.57 0.52 0.52 Rate (%) 0.78 0.94 1.38 0.68 1.12 1.28 1.05 0.67 1.27 0.91 0.91 0.59 1.10 0.92 0.90 0.71

Table 26: Drop Out Rate of Public High School Students SY 2007-2011
Previous SY Dropouts Average Dropout SY 2010-2011 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2009-2010 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2008-2009 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2007-2008 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III Source: DepEd 12.44 5.54 5.43 8.11 10.87 5.28 6.38 7.24 8.28 4.07 5.04 6.06 5.50 1.95 2.99 3.50 9.90 4.37 5.11 6.46 1,753 3,916 687 34,551 9.36 4.98 7.62 6.75 7.14 4.21 5.79 6.26 6.52 3.55 6.47 5.38 4.28 1.59 4.38 2.99 7.24 3.74 6.25 5.56 1,255 3,389 899 30,082 9.54 5.31 4.14 7.49 9.86 4.61 4.79 6.64 7.65 3.57 4.31 5.69 5.35 1.51 2.94 3.00 8.45 3.89 4.11 5.91 1,634 3,590 609 33,198 Yr 1 11.50 5.23 3.97 7.60 Yr 2 9.14 4.98 4.01 7.04 Yr 3 8.45 4.12 4.40 6.02 Yr 4 4.30 2.24 3.69 3.39 Rate (%) 8.85 4.28 4.02 6.21 Total Years (1-4) as of March 31 1,726 4,105 620 35,903

Table 27: Teacher-to-Pupil Ratio Primary Education SY 2007-2011

Nationally -Funded Total SY 2010-2011 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2009-2010 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2008-2009 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2007-2008 Enrolment 46,194 223,611 32,370 1,287,192 44,967 220,878 31,873 1,272,300 43,864 218,527 30,879 1,249,962 Teaching Positions Assigned to Schools 1,096 6,253 767 34,952 1,092 6,179 760 34,631 1,095 6,119 751 34,266 42.15 35.76 42.20 36.83 41.18 35.75 41.94 36.74 40.06 35.71 41.12 36.48 PTR Nationally -Funded Teaching Personnel Working in Schools 1,032 6,229 762 34,724 1,022 6,156 745 34,332 1,025 6,119 719 33,851 44.76 35.90 42.48 37.07 44.00 35.88 42.78 37.06 42.79 35.71 42.95 36.93 PTR

Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III Source: DepEd

42,980 215,998 30,008 1,230,566

1,100 6,042 748 33,474

39.07 35.75 40.12 36.76

1,039 5,991 725 33,033

41.37 36.05 41.39 37.25

Table 28: Teacher-to-Pupil Ratio Public High School SY 2007-2011

Nationally -Funded Total SY 2010-2011 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2009-2010 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2008-2009 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III SY 2007-2008 Angeles City Pampanga San Fernando City Total Region III Source: DepEd Enrolment 19,399 98,140 16,827 583,896 18,798 94,011 15,064 566,492 18,499 92,911 14,274 557,476 17,117 89,389 13,533 534,415 Teaching Positions in the Schools PSI 496 2,283 411 14,534 495 2,177 396 13,969 468 2,043 379 13,420 455 1,972 368 12,573 39.11 42.99 40.94 40.17 37.98 43.18 38.04 40.55 39.53 45.48 37.66 41.54 37.62 45.33 36.77 42.50 STR Nationally -Funded Teaching Personnel Working in Schools 447 2,217 373 13,706 450 2,141 362 13,170 385 1,962 340 12,413 377 1,896 338 11,758 43.40 44.27 45.11 42.60 41.77 43.91 41.61 43.01 48.05 47.36 41.98 44.91 45.40 47.15 40.04 45.45 STR

Table 29: National Average in Education Performance Indicators

Performance Indicators Elementary Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate Cohort survival rate Drop out rate Secondary Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate Cohort survival rate Drop out rate
Source: DepEd Facts and Figures

2006-2007

2007-2008 National 106.20% 88.31% 75.26% 73.06% 80.89% 59.88% 79.91% 7.45%

2008-2009

2009-2010

2010-2011

105.49% 87.90% 73.43% 71.72% 80.86% 59.60% 77.33% 8.55%

106.48% 89.18% 75.39% 73.28% 82.54% 60.46% 79.73% 7.45%

107.23% 89.43% 74.38% 72.18% 81.53% 59.86% 78.44% 7.95%

107.47% 89.89% 74.23% 72.11% 81.78% 60.88% 79.43% 7.95%

The City of San Fernando The city of San Fernando was the official capital of Pampanga. The city was strategically located in that travelers from the north (i.e. Tarlac and Pangasinan), the west (i.e. Bataan and Zambales), the east (i.e. Nueva Ecija), the south (i.e. Bulacan), and those coming from Metro Manila had to pass by San Fernando to reach their destinations. Because of its location, the city had become the center of commerce and trade in the region. The province also served as a vital component of the industrial corridor of the region, playing host to the Clark Special Economic Zone (CSEZ), a major investment anchor of the region, (DTI-Region III, 2010). As a regional economic hub, the city of San Fernando hosted a slew of small, medium and large enterprises (Table 30). As of 2010, a total of 5,822 commercial enterprises operated in the city, the majority or 48 percent of which were service-oriented enterprises, followed by trading enterprises (44.5%). Table 30: Number and Classification of Enterprises in San Fernando, Pampanga, 2010
Classification Manufacturing Trading Services Others Total
Source: NSO/Census of Establishments

Number 251 2,590 2,796 185 5,822

% 4.3% 44.5% 48.0% 3.2% 100.0%

In essence, the economic profile of San Fernando mirrored the entire Pampanga province in that micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) involved in food processing; furnishing, furniture, and ceramics making; garments; handicrafts; casketmaking, etc. operate side-by-side with the tertiary commercial and industrial sector. As evident in Table 31, the city had 251 registered MSMEs involved in various commercial activities. While the city had been rapidly growing commercially, San Fernando still had a significant agricultural sector focusing on the production of palay, corn, and sugarcane. Moreover, according to the City Planning office, close to 48 percent of the citys land were still being utilized or declared as agricultural. Nevertheless, the citys agricultural sector had been declining in output in recent years due to the following trends as derived from data from the City Planning Office: Some lands, though classified agricultural, have become uneconomically viable for crop production due to frequent flooding; Other declared agricultural areas especially in the northern and western portions have increased in market value due to closeness to the commercial center. Hence farmers opted to sell their lands and shift to other occupation.

Table 31: Number of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Classification Agricultural Machinery/Farm Equipment Agricultural Supplies Aluminum/Glass Supplies Assemblers, Repackers, Processors, Brewers Bakery/Bakeshop Bottling Candle/Floorwax/Soap/Cleanser Manufacturing Casket Making Construction Cooperative Manufacturing Dairy Products Manufacturing Dry Goods Manufacturing Food Production Furniture Shop Garment Makino General Businesses Generic Manufacturing Handicraft Making Hollow blocks/Concrete Products Ice Cream Products Ice Plant/Ice Dealer/Retailer Industrial Supply Kitchen wares LPG/Cooking Gas Metal/Iron/Steel Fabrication Poultry/Piggery/Hog/Livestock Dealer Shoes/Repair Shop Tinsmith/Blacksmith Vulcanizing/Battery Radiator Repair/Welding Shop Others Total No. 4 1 15 6 75 4 4 4 2 3 3 2 18 6 18 12 22 25 5 2 1 1 4 2 7 1 1 1 1 1 251

Source: San Fernando City Planning Office

The other flourishing sectors where MSME enterprises operated in San Fernando as identified by the City Planning Office were following:

The food processing industries of the city, specifically for tocino and longganisa
products, have become known not only in the region but also nationwide. The Pampanga tocino and longganisa produced in the City of San Fernando have become generic products.

On beverage manufacturing, there are four (4) large bottling companies operating in the city producing various bottled products, from liquor and soft drinks. The companies are the San Miguel Corporation with its product lines of beer products like San Miguel Pale Pilsen, San Mig Lite, Red Horse. The Cosmos Bottling Corporation producing Pop Cola, Cosmos Sarsi, and Virgin. The Coca-Cola Bottled Philippines, Inc. manufacturer of Coke, Sprite, and Royal Tru Orange, and their lone competitor the Pepsi Cola Manufacturing Corporation manufacturer of the product lines Pepsi, Mirinda, and 7 -up. The beverage manufacturers take advantage of the quality manpower, central location,

good tasting water and the availability of good infrastructure to move their products to the northern markets.

The lantern industry has made the City of San Fernando famous for its unique giant-lanterns, which are constantly attracting tourists. These are being paraded every Christmas. The lantern-making industry is the One Town One Product (OTOP) of the City of San Fernando.3

In the meantime, enterprises operating in the export-oriented tertiary-level industrial and manufacturing sector in San Fernando were located in the Angeles Industrial Park, an industrial estate operating in the city. This park housed five locators that produced colored TV sets, panel boards, and furniture products. As of 2012, San Fernando citys financial sector had been growing to accommodate a rising number of trading, logistics, and transportation companies settingup shop in the city. There were already 60 financial institutions operating in the city, of which 32 were universal banks, five commercial banks, 11 thrift banks, 11 rural banks, and one Cooperative bank (Table 32). The major retail chains such as SM chain of malls and Robinsons Land had also emerged in the city. Consequently, major car dealerships had sprouted as well (Table 33). Table 32: Financial Institutions in San Fernando City, Pampanga
Classification Universal Banks (UBs) Commercial Banks (KBs) Thrift Banks (TBs) Rural Banks (RBs) Cooperative Banks (Coop Bank) Total
Source: San Fernando City Planning Office

No. 32 5 11 11 1 60

% Share 53.33% 8.33% 18.33% 18.33% 1.66% 100.00

Table 33: Car Dealerships in San Fernando City, Pampanga

Company 1. Toyota (Toyota San Fernando, Inc) 2. Mitsubishi (Carworld Pampanga, Inc.) 3. Ford (Ford Pampanga, Inc.) 4. BMW (Premiere Cars Pampanga) 5. Isuzu (Isuzu Pampanga) 6. Hyundai (Hyundai Pampanga) 7. General Motors (Chevrolet Pampanga) 8. Kia (Kia Pampanga, Inc.) 9. Honda (Honda Cars Pampanga, Inc)
Source: San Fernando City Planning Office

Location GSO Road, Dolores GSO Road, Dolores GSO Road, Dolores GSO Road, Dolores GSO Road, Dolores GSO Road, Dolores GSO Road, Dolores GSO Road, Dolores Mc Arthur Highway, San Agustin

Derived from the article extracted from the City Planning Office of San Fernando City, Pampanga

In terms of human resources, the economy of San Fernando was being sustained by a city with a labor force participation rate of 63.4 percent based on a total population of 269,365 as of 2010 (Table 34). Of the total employed in the city, the majority of 17.7 percent worked in the trading sector; followed by manufacturing (i.e. 14.7%); transport, storage, and communications (i.e. 12.9%); and construction (i.e. 12.6%) (Table 35). Subsequently, the bulk of those working in the city were classified as employees (i.e. 42.4%); while a significant number were skilled workers (i.e. 16.9%); vendors (i.e. 12.5%), and OFWs (i.e. 8.4%) (Table 36). Table 34: Labor Force Participation Rate and Unemployment Rate, 2010
Classification Labor force (% of the population 15-60 years old) Percentage of labor force not working
Source: 2010 NSO Labor Force Survey

Percentage 63.4% 13.1%

Table 35: Distribution of Employed Persons in San Fernando City, Pampanga, 2010
Sector Agriculture Fishing Forestry Manufacturing Construction Electricity, Gas, Water Mining and quarrying Trade Transport, Storage & Communication Community, Social, and Postal Service Education Private Household Others
Source: 2010 NSO Labor Force Survey

Percentage 7.0% 1.5% 0.6% 14.7% 12.6% 6.8% 2.4% 17.7% 12.9% 9.7% 5.8% 4.3% 18.0%

Table 25: Classification of Labor/Employees in San Fernando City, Pampanga

Classification Local employees Overseas Filipino Worker Skilled Work Vending Farming Fishpond Owner Entrepreneurs Others
Source: 2010 NSO Labor Force Survey

Percentage 42.4% 8.4% 16.9% 12.5% 2.3% 2.3% 2.6% 12.5%

Despite the apparent robustness of the economy in San Fernando, the city did experience a relatively high employment rate of 13.1 percent as of 2010. For those that lost their jobs in the city, the main reason was because their contracts already expired (i.e. 44.1%) (Table 37). Another key reason cited reason was due to health reasons (i.e. 19.8%). As San Fernando grew economically, the city had attracted transients from nearby provinces and areas, hoping to secure employment opportunities. For those who found employment, they did so because of self-reliance (74.2%); and help from relatives (14.6%) (Table 38). Table 37: Reasons for Job Loss in San Fernando City, Pampanga
Reason Sickness Retrenchment Contract ended Others
Source: 2010 NSO Labor Force Survey

Percentage 19.8% 8.2% 42.1% 29.9%

Table 38: Distribution of People/Agency Sought for Assistance to get current Employment
Agency or Person PESO DOLE POEA Relatives Friends Self Others
Source: 2010 NSO Labor Force Survey

Percentage 1.3% 0.4% 0.6% 14.6% 6.9% 74.2% 1.9%

The Education Industry in San Fernando City As of SY 2011-2012, the city of San Fernando had a total public school enrollment of 56,233 pupils and students encompassing the kindergarten, elementary, secondary, special education, and alternative learning system (ALS) category (Table 39). All in all, the city had a total of 65 private and public schools officially listed in the San Fernando DepEd School Division roster, of which 44 were public elementary and secondary schools. In terms of classrooms, the city had a total of 1,260 classrooms as of SY 2011-2012, an increase of 5.7 percent from the number of classrooms in the previous school year (Table 40). Of this number, 792 classrooms were earmarked for public elementary students, 451 classrooms were for high school students; 11 for kindergarten; three (3) for SPED; another three (3) for the mobile learning category. In SY 2011-2012, the elementary level education sector yielded a classroom to pupil ratio of 1: 43; while the secondary level had a Classroom to student ratio of 1: 40.

Table 40: Total Public School Enrollment in San Fernando City, Pampanga SY 2010-2011 and SY 2011-2012
Level Kinder Elementary Secondary Special Education Alternative Learning System Total
Source: DepEd San Fernando City DepEd Division Website/Facts & Figures 2011

Enrollment Data SY 2011-2011 4,048 32,370 16,866 96 561 53,941

SY 2011-2012 3,915 33,774 17,580 156 808 56,233

Table 41: Number of Classrooms in San Fernando City, Pampanga, SY 20102011 and SY 2011-2012
Level Kinder Elementary Secondary SPED Mobile Total SY 2010-2011 7 768 411 3 3 1,192 SY 2011-2012 11 792 451 3 3 1,260 New Items 4 24 40 0 0 68 Ratio 1:43 1:40

Source: DepEd San Fernando City DepEd Division Website/Facts & Figures 2011

In funding vital education resources such as classroom facilities, teaching personnel, teaching materials, and other expenditures, the city through the local school board (LSB) relied on the annual Special Education Fund (SEF) derived from one percent (1%) of real estate tax revenues of the city. For SY 2011-2012, the city had appropriated an SEF budget amounting to approximately Php125,000,000 to fund specific the educator sector accounts composed of personal salaries of education personnel; maintenance and operating expenses (MOOE); capital outlay; and financial expenses. For SY 2011-2012, the city pegged total SEF expenditures to amount to Php124,992,900 (Table 42). Of this amount, 41.8 percent was allotted to personal services; 17.8 percent for MOOE, 25.9 percent for capital outlay, and 14.5 percent for financial services.

Table 42: Special Education Fund (SEF) Utilization in San Fernando City, Pampanga for 2012
Estimated Income for Budget Year Proposed Expenditures for Budget Year 1. Personal Services Salaries and wages Other personnel benefits Total 2. Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses Training expense Food supplies - feeding program Telephone expense landline Telephone expense mobile Water expense Electricity expense Travelling expense Library books Other MOOE scouting Other MOOE - sports youth development Other MOOE - textbook & instructional materials Community relations - alternative learning system Repairs and maintenance of office equipment Total 3. Capital Outlay Construction, repair, and maintenance of government facilities IT equipment and software Office equipment Furniture and fixtures Total 4. Financial expenses Loan amortization Principal Interest Total Grand Total Unappropriated Balance
Source: Official San Fernando Local Government Website/Office of the City Mayor

125,000,000.00

% 100.0%

34,212,670.24 18,071,000.00 52,283,670.24 4,510,000.00 500,000.00 1,600,000.00 72,000.00 1,596,100.00 6,800,000.00 798,000.00 3,000,000.00 250,000.00 2,500,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 22,226,100.00 25,018,256.79 3,290,000.00 2,050,000.00 2,000,000.00 32,358,256.79

27.4% 14.5% 41.8% 3.6% 0.4% 1.3% 0.1% 1.3% 5.4% 0.6% 2.4% 0.2% 2.0% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 17.8% 20.0% 2.6% 1.6% 1.6% 25.9%

12,414,762.48 5,710,110.49 18,124,872.97 124,992,900.00 7,100.00

9.9% 4.6% 14.5% 100.0% 0.01%

With regard to education outcomes as measured by national achievement test (NAT) results, public school pupils and students from the city of San Fernando still had a lot of room for improvement. For instance, elementary school pupils and high school students in the city recorded NAT mean average scores (MAS) in Mathematics, English, Filipino, and Hekasi/Araling Panlipunan that were lower than the national averages (Table 43). Although the NAT scores of the citys pupils and students were lower than the national average, these were within the average level as measured by DepEd (Table 45).

Table 43: National Achievement Test (NAT) Results

NAT - Elementary (San Fernando) SY 2010-2011 Math 45.80 English 51.49 Filipino 47.21 HEKASI/Araling Panlipunan 55.47 NAT - Secondary (San Fernando) SY 2010-2011 Math 37.19 English 45.31 Filipino 39.19 HEKASI/Araling Panlipunan 36.74 SY 2011-2012 48.81 48.17 45.77 57.06 SY 2011-2012 40.82 42.62 34.48 48.32 National Average SY 2010-2011 68.15 65.12 76.45 70.40 National Average SY 2010-2011 47.93 46.45 58.93 52.03

Source: DepEd San Fernando City DepEd Division Website. National average derived from the file called Basic Education fact Sheet extracted from the DepEd website

Table 45: Mastery/Achievement Level Indicators

Mean Percentage Scores 96 to 100% 86 to 95% 66 to 85% 35 to 65% 15 to 34% 5 to 14% 0 to 4%
Source: DepEd Memorandum No. 160

Descriptive Equivalent Mastered Closely approximating mastery Moving towards mastery Average Low Very low Absolutely no mastery

The School Division Superintendent The key person in charge of managing and sustaining the education industry in San Fernando was Ms. May Batenga Eclar. An agricultural engineer by education, May opted to pursue a career in education by first becoming a high school teacher in 1985. In a span of 12 years, she rose from the ranks to become a master teacher and then a school head. A few years later, May would eventually become an assistant school superintendent. In 2007, she became the school division superintendent (SDS) of the DepEd division in the city of Muoz, Nueva Ecija. Unfortunately, Mays stint as SDS in the city of Muoz proved to be a great challenge and fraught with difficulties. The main reason was her contentious relationship with the city mayor. Although this local official was the person who invited her to assume the SDS, May lamented that she and the mayor had vey different views on how manage the citys education sector. I thought we had the same vision for the city, but it turned out that we had different perspectives, May said. The differences between her and the mayor were so great that May requested the DepEd national office for a transfer. Her request was granted and she took over the vacant SDS post in San Fernando, Pampanga in September, 2008.

In the city of San Fernando, May saw a school division unit in turmoil. She soon discovered that the previous superintendent had a bitter conflict with the education personnel in the city. In fact, the former SDS and the several schools heads, principals, and teachers were embroiled in legal cases with one another. May also learned that before her, six SDS had already resigned in quick succession due to conflicts with personnel. It was a chaotic environment when I arrived in San Fernando, May recalled. So it was a great challenge for me to head the division. The division she inherited in September 2008 had numerous problems. For one, the division lacked funds to sustain vital projects. There was also a shortage of teachers. Systems and procedures in the division were also unclear, disorganized. People distrusted one another. Nevertheless, one thing that encouraged May in her quest to stabilize the school division in San Fernando was the strong support she got from the mayor, Mr. Oscar Rodriguez. Unlike her situation in Nueva Ecija, May was reassured by the mayor that he would back her initiatives and reforms. She soon discovered that education was Mayor Rodriguezs top priority in the city. The major had a great vision for the education sector in San Fernando and I shared this vision, May intimated. With the firm support of the mayor, May proceeded to fix the division. One of the first things she did was to meet with the schools heads, supervisors, principals, and teachers in the city for a dialogue. She met and talked with them and asked about their views, concerns, and plans for their schools and students. While talking to her personnel, May befriended them, which proved to be beneficial since the school heads and teachers became comfortable with her and warmed up to her. After taking stock of the situation in the division, May then invited them to a strategic review conference (SRC) so they could plot a strategic vision for the division and formulate programs and plans. She also seized the opportunity of meeting with her division personnel in the SRC to introduce the Performance Governance System (PGS) developed by DepEd to improve the planning and operations in the divisions. Ultimately, the SRC attended by May together with DepEd division personnel resulted in the crafting of a strategic plan. Through the SRC, we were able to develop a strategic map for the division, May said. Among the major initiatives of May was to nurture camaraderie, professionalism, and rebuild values in people in the division. She did this through spiritual activities such as holding Friday masses and team-building workshops. May also installed slogans in the division office with sayings like If youre a part of the solution, please come in and We do not accept gifts. She also retrenched or reassigned unscrupulous, erring personnel. A person with a strong moral compass, May also did not tolerate graft, corruption and other unscrupulous acts that were rampant in the past. We want to instill the values of honesty, transparency, and professionalism in the division, she stressed. To sustain the operations and implement her key projects for the division, May turned to the mayor for assistance. Through a new ordinance, the city government yielded more funds for the DepEd division from the SEF. In particular, the mayor and the city council decided to increase the real property tax, which in turn raised the amount generated for the SEF. By law, one percent of the real property taxes were allotted for

the SEF. With increased funds, May was able to implement three major initiatives for the division namely: Invest in information and communications (ICT) technology and computers for the schools; Hire more teachers to ensure uninterrupted education services; Spend on training and seminars to raise teacher skills and competencies

A bigger endeavor which her division worked on was increasing the number of integrated schools in the city. Specifically, she worked towards adding secondary level classes in the public elementary schools in the city. May explained that her division catered to the urban poor in the city, which she observed had been increasing. When she came in, the division had only three (3) integrated schools. By 2012, the number had risen to 12. We need to increase the number of integrated schools to increase our access to education, May explained. To improve the procedures and systems in the division, May implemented several strategies. For one, she established a functional website to provide services electronically, thus saving on paper costs, and create a channel wherein personnel memos, announcements, and reports could be transmitted expediently. She also provided a communications budget for the principals so that they could easily and quickly get in touch the divisions for whatever reason. Furthermore, May established clear systems and protocols in the divisions new building that was built several years back. One of key initiatives May implemented and was proud of was strengthening the ties between the division and the baranggay officials in the city. For example, in order to encourage the city officials to support the DepEd programs on education, she together with the mayor launched the Star Baranggay Award which accorded cash and non-cash benefits to baranggays that implement projects aimed at raising education standards in their jurisdictions. With these incentives, May observed that the baranggays officials were more participatory and supportive of matters affecting education in the city. Having established a good relationship with the baranggays, she was able to gain their support in providing valuable data and statistics about the number of out-of-school youth (OSY) in their areas. With the cooperation of the baranggays, we were able to map out the baranggays and determine how many children are not going to school there and why theyre not going to school, she said. With the mayor and the baranggays on her side, May was undaunted in implementing one of the most significant programs the DepEd had initiated in a long time namely the K+12 program. For one, she explained that with the increased funds the division had been getting from the SEF, a major stumbling block associated with the K+12 had been addressed namely lack of resources. She also made sure to disseminate and publicize the program ahead of time to orient the general pubic about K+12. In particular, she attended a local talk show hosted by the mayor to explain the nature and mechanics of the program to the constituents of San Fernando. She also became a guest in local radio stations to promote the program. For the K+12, we made it an advocacy,

May said. I made myself open and accessible to the media so that I can explain the program to the community. In just a span of five years, May felt she had accomplished a lot as an SDS. Nevertheless, she was quick to admit that a lot still needed to be done to improve the outputs and outcomes in her division. Chief among her concerns was raising education performance indicators, specifically academic proficiency. While we have increased access to education, particularly the high school level, we still need to improve our NAT scores, she said.

EXHIBIT 1: LIST OF ECONOMIC ZONES AND INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN PAMPANGA Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number Email Address Website Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number Email Address Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number Email Address Website Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number

Angeles Industrial Park Calibutbut, Bacolor, Pampanga AIP Administration Office, Angeles Industrial Park, Calibutbut, Bacolor, Pampanga Mr. Norman L. Herrera Zone Manager (045) 636-6196 / 636-6195 aip@peza.gov.ph www.peza.gov.ph

Angeles Livelihood Complex Pulung Cacutud, Angeles City ALC Administration Bldg., Pulung Cacutud, Angeles City Serafin P. Gallos, Jr. Project Manager (045)626-2170;893-0604 buhgallos@yahoo.com

Clark Freeport Zone Provinces of Pampanga (main zone), Tarlac (sub zone) Bldg. 2127, E. Quirino Avenue cor. C.P. Garcia. E. Quito St., Clark Freeport Zone, Pampanga Atty. Felipe Antonio B. Remollo President (045) 599-2043; 599-2506 Trunkline (045) 5990000 loc 4656; 599-2192 info@clark.com.ph www.clark.com.ph

Berthaphil Industrial Park Clark Freeport Zone, Clarkfield, Pampanga Berthaphil Compound, J. Abad Santos Ave.,, Clark Freeport Zone, Clarkfield, Pampanga Arlene D. Aniciete Manager Sales & Marketing (045) 599-5313; 599-5312; 499-5313; 499-5314

Email Address Website Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number Email Address Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number Email Address Website Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location

arlene@berthaphil.com www.berthaphil.com

Clark Premier Industrial Park (CPIP) Clark Freeport Zone, Clarkfield, Pampanga Industrial Estate 5, M.A. Roxas Highway, Clark Freeport Zone, Clarkfield, Pampanga Mr. Hiroyasu Yaguchi President & CEO (045) 599-5132; 0922-532-6125 yaguchi_cpip@comclark.com

Philexcel Business Park Clark Freeport Zone, Clarkfield, Pampanga Manuel Roxas highway, 1961st Area, Clark Freeport Zone, Clarkfield, Pampanga Emily Mendoza Asst. General Manager (045) 599-2135/3166, 893-4154 inquiry@philexcel.com www.philexcel.com

San Simon Industrial Park San Simon Industrial Zone, San Simon, Pampanga Office of the Mayor, Municipal Hall, San Simon, Pampanga Engr. Maria Stephana Dimacali Municipal Planning & Development Officer (045)3029554 / 0917-510-8002

Powerpoint Industrial Park San Simon Industrial Zone, San Simon, Pampanga Office of the Mayor, Municipal Hall, San Simon, Pampanga Engr. Maria Stephana Dimacali Municipal Planning & Development Officer (045)3029554 / 0917-510-8002

Teco Special Economic Zone Mabalacat, Pampanga

Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number Industrial Estate/Ecozone Location Office Address Contact Person Position Contact Number Email Address

Tipco Complex, Brgys. Bundagul and Paralayunan, Mabalacat, Pampanga Shiela May R. Alzaga Operations Manager (045) 893-3951

SM Pampanga IT Park Mexico, Pampanga SM City Pampanga, Lagundi, Mexico, Pampanga Junias Eusebio Building Administration Officer 963-7681 to 85 junias.eusebio@smsupermalls.com