SIMLL CCMCUND AND CCMLLk SLN1LNCLS

A paragraph conslsLs of senLences 1he senLences are slmple compound and

complex senLences
A slmple senLence has only one maln ldea
xomples
1) 1be cot stoppeJ ot tbe jooctloo
2) Oot oelqbboot belpeJ tbe occlJeot vlctlm
% 1be block Joq wltb tbe bloe collot olwoys botks looJly
A compound senLence has Lwo or more maln ldeas We form compound
senLences by [olnlng slmple senLences uslng con[uncLlons such as `and' `or'
`buL' `because' or `so'
O And Lo [oln senLences wlLh Lhe same ldeas
O r Lo [oln senLences LhaL offer cholces
O uL Lo [oln senLences wlLh dlfferenL ldeas
O ecause Lo show reason
O o Lo show reason or effecL
xomples of compoooJ seoteoces
1) 1be tblef stole o wotcb ooJ qolJ jewellety ftom tbe boose
2) My btotbet wos vety tlteJ so be slept tbe wbole Joy
J) we wete lote fot tbe ttlp becoose we mlsseJ tbe bos
A complex senLence has one maln ldea and one or more less lmporLanL ldeas
xomples of complex seoteoces
1) ftet tbe beovy tolo mooy tooJs wete flooJeJ
2) 5loce tbe soles stotteJ tbe sopetmotket ls ctowJeJ evetyJoy
J) wblle teoJloq o book 5om llsteos to tbe toJlo
CCMAkA1IVLS AND SULkLA1IVLS
We use comparaLlves Lo compare Lwo people anlmals or Lhlngs lL ls used
wlLh `er Lhan' `ler Lhan' or `more______ Lhan'
xomples
1) moo ls to//er thon 8oJtol
2) My olece ls riend/ier thon bet btotbet
J) 1bot book ls mote /or thon tbls book
We use superlaLlves Lo compare more Lhan Lwo people anlmals or Lhlngs lL ls
used wlLh `esL' `lesL' or `Lhe mosL'
xomples
1) 1bls flsb ls tbe iqqest
2) 1bese otooqes ote tbe iciest
% 1bot coke ls tbe most de/icis


J;ULS1ICN
We use quesLlons Lo ask for lnformaLlon
`WhaL' ls used Lo ask for speclflc lnformaLlon
O xomple wbot tlme Joes tbe fllm stott?
`When' ls used Lo ask abouL Llme
O xomple wbeo ls tbe oext sbow?
`Where' ls used Lo ask abouL placesdlrecLlons or poslLlons
O xomple wbete wos tbe fllm sbot?
`Who' ls used Lo ask abouL people
O xomple wbo ote tbe octots?
`Why' ls used Lo ask for a reason
O xomple wby ls tbe tlcket expeoslve?
`Pow' ls used Lo ask for manner or ln whaL way lL can be used wlLh `much'
and `many'
O xomple now mooy tlckets sboll l boy?
now mocb ls tbe tlcket?
kCNCUN
A pronoun ls a word used Lo Lake Lhe place of a noun 1here are many klnds
of pronouns
1% 9ersonal pronouns l me he hlm she her lL we us you Lhey
Lhem
2% 9ossesslve pronouns mlne hls hers ours yours Lhelrs
% elaLlve pronouns who whom whlch LhaL
4% eflexlve pronouns yourself myself hlmself Lhemselves



NCUN
A noun ls a name of a Lhlng a person a place an anlmal eLc
xomples
O 1bloqs peo peocll cot etc
O 9loces sbop cooteeo moseom etc
O 9eople boy qltl teocbet etc
O olmols cot Joq cow etc
9roper nouns are speclal names for places and people 1hey begln wlLh
caplLal leLLer
xomples
O lex koootoo lteocb etc

MCDALS
1he modal verbs are `wlll' `would' `shall' `should' `could' `may' `mlghL'
`musL' and `oughL Lo'
Modal verbs express meanlng such as posslblllLy and necesslLy We can use
modal verbs Lo Lell or allow people Lo do Lhlngs
xomples
O oo st qo to scbool (oecesslty)
O oo sh/d ooswet tbe lettet (obllqotloo)
O 5be con leove oow (petmlssloo)
O 1be ttolo sh/d come oo tlme (ptoboblllty)
O 1be tolo iqht come (posslblllty)



CCUN1A8LL AND UNCCUN1A8LL NCUNS
CounLable nouns are Lhlngs LhaL can be counLed uslng numbers We use
words such as some a few and many LogeLher wlLh counLable nouns
xomples some books o few tobles mooy cbolts
DncounLable nouns are Lhlngs LhaL cannoL be counLed uslng numbers We use
words such as a ||tt|e much and some LogeLher wlLh uncounLable nouns
xomples
O o llttle mllk mocb tlce some wotet
;DAn1lllL
;uanLlflers are used Lo express quanLlLy ;uanLlflers can be a slngle word or a
phrase 1hey are used wlLh boLh counLable or uncounLable noun Lo express
amounL or quanLlLy
xomples of poootlflets
O some mocb mooy o few o llttle ooJ o lot

CSSLSSIVL ADILC1IVLS
9ossesslve ad[ecLlves are used Lo show possesslon or ownershlp `My' `your'
`hls' `her' `lLs' `our' and `Lhelr' are Lhe possesslve ad[ecLlves
xomple
O 1be poplls tbookeJ tbelt teocbets by sotptlsloq tbem wltb tbe coke
9ossesslve ad[ecLlves appears before nouns
xomple
O we sboolJ toke cote of oot potks



ADVLk8S
Adverbs modlfy verbs 1hey Lell you how somLhlng ls done
xomple
O now JlJ sbe Jooce? 5be Jooce qtocefolly
ule Adverbs are ofLen formed by addlng `ly' Lo an ad[ecLlve
xomples
O 5weet sweetly
O 8eootlfol beootlfolly
O otefol cotefolly



SIMLL kLSLN1 1LNSL
1he lmple 9resenL 1ense ls used
a% 1o Lell someLhlng LhaL ls Lrue or a facL
xomples
O 1be wotlJ ls toooJ
O 1be eottb qoes toooJ tbe tbe soo
O 9loots oeeJ soollqbt to qtow well
b% 1o Lell abouL someLhlng LhaL we always do or someLhlng LhaL always
ofLen or usually happens
xomples
O l qo to scbool
O lt osoolly tolos lo Novembet
O 5be ofteo ploys teools

SIMLL AS1 1LNSL
We use lmple 9asL 1ense
a% 1o show an acLlon LhaL happened ln Lhe pasL
xomple
O ne left tbe offlce tbls motoloq

b% lor an acLlon done regularly as a pasL hablL
xomple
O wbeo l wos yoooq l weot flsbloq evetyJoy