Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
BLG. 3
Balita
Rebolusyon sa Imahinasyon
Kultura
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
Opisyal na lingguhang pahayagan ng mga mag-aaral ng Unibersidad ng Pilipinas, Diliman
ONLY AROUND 16 PERCENT OF ABOUT 70,000 HIGH SCHOOL SENIORS pass the UP College Admission Test (UPCAT) every year. However, not all of these qualified UP students would go on to enroll in the countrys national university. During the proclamation and turn-over ceremony for this years UP Diliman (UPD) University Student Council, UP President Alfredo Pascual said the no-show rate among UPCAT passers are consistent across all socio-economic groups. Recent data obtained by the Collegian from the UP Diliman (UPD) Office of the University Registrar (OUR) and Office of Scholarships and Student Services (OSSS), however, reveal what could be a more nuanced correlation between family income and the decision to enroll in the university.
Continued on page 3
OPINYON
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
Illusions of Progress
THE NATION IS A SLAVE TO CONTRASTS. The costs of water, electric power, oil and travel soar high, while the average daily wage of people remains stagnant. The government presents a thriving economy of consistent increases in gross domestic product, yet the poor cannot afford even the basic necessities and our national economy is still bound to its colonial masters. With the start of this academic year, even students are not spared. Tuition hikes greeted the semester this June, after the Commission on Higher Education authorized fee increase among private colleges and universities. For this year also, the government allocated only P297.7 billion for the education budget, when P334 billion is needed for the development of the K-12 project alone. Only 60 percent of the proposed P54.61 billion for state colleges and universities (SUCs) was approved. To compensate for the scarce subsidy, educational institutions are forced to be self-sufficient through incomegenerating programs (IGPs). UP is not exempt in resorting to this compromise. The Socialized Tuition and Financial Assistance Program (STFAP) is a clear byproduct of this attempt at selfsufficiency. It is a smokescreen for state abandonment by making
EDITORS PICK
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
2013 - 2014
Punong Patnugot Julian Inah Anunciacion Kapatnugot Victor Gregor Limon Patnugot sa Grapiks Ysa Calinawan Tagapamahala ng Pinansiya Gloiza Rufina Plamenco Panauhing Patnugot Piya Constantino Margaret Yarcia Mga Kawani Mary Joy Capistrano Keith Richard Mariano Kimberly Ann Pauig Jiru Nikko Rada Emmanuel Jerome Tagaro Tagapamahala sa Sirkulasyon Paul John Alix Sirkulasyon Gary Gabales Amelito Jaena Mga Katuwang na Kawani Amelyn Daga Trinidad Gabales Gina Villas Kasapi UP Systemwide Alliance of Student Publications and Writers Organizations (Solidaridad) College Editors Guild of the Philippines (CEGP) Pamuhatan Silid 401 Bulwagang Vinzons, Unibersidad ng Pilipinas, Diliman, Lungsod Quezon Telefax 981-8500 lokal 4522 Online pkule1314@gmail.com www.philippinecollegian.org fb.com/philippinecollegian twitter.com/kule1314
Rosette Abogado
students of a public institution shoulder the deficit. Indeed, contrary to what President Aquino claims, the economic development trumpeted by his administration merely serves as an illusion, which becomes all the more necessary due to the governments utter neglect of providing public goods and services and of protecting the national domestic interest against the whims of the world market. Raising petroleum cost, through the Oil Deregulation Law, thus becomes a lazy solution to the adjustment of the oil price in the world market. The people are victim to the limitless price increase brought by the law that favours free market competition. With other hikes in the market, the oil hike would add extra burden to the people. The Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC) also proposed a P10 increase in MRT and LRT fare. It will lower the government subsidy for public transportation from P60 to P35. The increase would also shoulder the debts incurred by these transportation companies. Yearly, P6 to P9 billion of it is paid by commuters. The hike is a way of settling these debts faster. Railway commuters do not benefit from this increase even if it will lead to railway modernization. Public transportation must remain a government responsibility. People are burdened on all sides with price hikes. Due to depreciation of peso against the dollar, Meralcos power rate rises. Similarly water companies Manila Water and Maynilad also underwent price hikes even after a public consultation met with protests. For the past 16 years, private companies owned these public utilities. The government benefits from the value added taxes by these companiues. Private companies that run these utilities and social services remain unaffected as people are bombarded with the increase. By the strengthened partnership and increase in profit, these businesses thrive as majority of the people unjustly pay for the price hikes. The minimum daily wage becomes insufficient to bear these simultaneous increases. The government however does not provide long term solutions to these hikes. Average wages of ordinary people remain low and unemployment remains high. The government not only allows but even encourages working overseas to bring in an influx of capital. As Aquinos State of the Nation Address nears, we expect another illusion of progress, another attempt to make us turn a blind eye to the stark contrast between our own dire conditions and the governments press releases of economic development. Illusions can no longer deceive the people.
91
The Philippine Collegian republishes distinguished photographs from its past issues that captured its YEARS tradition of critical and fearless journalism.
CHRONIC HIKES. 17 years ago, students were rallied under the same cause as today when groups protested the impending multitude of hikes (water, electricity, tuition hikes)
BALITA
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
3
Photo by Angerica Hainto
UP Manila Professor Edberto Villegas spoke against repressive payment policies in UP Manila at the mobilization held in front of Quezon Hall while the Board of Regents (BOR) meeting was ongoing. Students and Faculty from UP Diliman and UP Manila, together with communities from Pook Arboretum and C.P. Garcia, gathered to protest against the Socialized Tuition and Financial Assistance Program and the 2011 Land Use Plan.
On Board
Kira Chan Students opposed to antipoor tuition and loan policies were disappointed on June 20, after the Board of Regents (BOR) failed to discuss the proposed reforms to the Socialized Tuition and Financial Assistance Program (STFAP) and amendments to the UP Code. The universitys highest decisionmaking body instead deliberated upon the report of a fact-finding committee on the suicide of UP Manila (UPM) student Kristel Tejada, the proposed Arboretum conservation project, and other administrative matters. Kristel Committee report According to a fact-finding committee, cumulative stress and poor coping skills caused Kristel Tejada to commit suicide three days after she was forced to go on a leave of absence. Assigned into Bracket D of the STFAP, Tejada filed a leave of absence because she could not afford to pay the P300-per-unit tuition and her request for a tuition loan has been denied by the UPM loan board. The committee is composed of UP Los Baos College of Arts and Sciences Dean, Ascuncion Raymundo, UP Diliman (UPD) College of Engineering Dean Aura Matias, UPD Communications Research Department Chair, Lourdes Portus and UPD Law Profesor Eduardo Labitag. The committee recommended increasing the number of hired guidance counselors and training
Lourdes Abadingo will present a position paper on the BORs next meeting on July 25. Arboretum Conservation Project Melgarejo expressed concern that a Memorandum of Agreement for the UP Arboretum Conservation Project was confirmed by the BOR without a master plan. The conservation project affects the estimated 2000 informal settlers there. The UP Arboretum is a 16 hectare man-made forest behind UP-Ayala Land Technohub. UPD Chancellor Caesar Saloma was present for the meeting to speak about the project and pledged to consult with the community before making the master plan. The signatories of the MOA are the Department of Agriculture, Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, and the UP Beta Sigma Fraternity. By signing, they commit to push through with the project.
vs.
E2 E1 D C B A
*The number of students assigned to the bracket only includes those who applied in the first and second batches of STFAP applications.
104* 168
4
Jul Mar Esteban On June 26, 2006, UP students Karen Empeo and Sherlyn Cadapan were abducted while doing research and community work in Hagonoy, Bulacan. Seven years hence, the mothers of Karen and She are still searching for their missing daughters. In the latest hearing of the case on June 24, two days before the seventh anniversary of Karen and Sherlyns abduction, the Malolos Regional Trial Court Branch 14 postponed its decision on the bail petitions of two suspects who are currently in custody at the army headquarters in Fort Bonifacio. The court will make a decision on the separate petitions of accused soldiers Col. Felipe Anotado Jr. and Staff Sgt. Edgardo Osorio, on its next hearings on September 2 and October 7, respectively. The two other accused, Ret. Maj. Gen. Jovito Palparan Jr. and Master Sgt. Rizal Hilario are still at large, despite warrants of arrest issued in December 2011 and a P2-million bounty on Palparan. Linda Cadapan, the mother of Sherlyn, is confident however that the court will junk the suspects petitions. Isa sa mga witness namin, na ikinulong kasama nina Karen at She, ang nakita si Anotado doon sa lugar kung saan sila ikinulong. Ang isa pa naming witness ay nakita si Osorio sa mga dumukot sa dalawa, said Mrs. Cadapan. The court also heard the testimony of a new prosecution witness during the same hearing. Farmer William Ramos, who affirmed details of an affidavit submitted to the court, said he lives near the house where Karen and She were abducted in 2006. He saw the two being dragged out of the house they were staying in, Ramos added. Nang makita ng mga sundalo na nakita sila ni Ramos ay pinababa [rin] siya mula sa kanyang bahay, pinadapa, at piniringan, said Mrs. Cadapan. Karen, a Sociology major, and Cadapan, a Sports Science student, were abducted by agents of the 24th Infantry Battalion camp based in Bataan and were subsequently tortured, according
BALITA
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
The UP Filipiniana Alumni Dance Troupe showcased a cultural presentation during the Pep Rally held at the CHK Gymnasium on June 24. This years pep rally was a sendoff to both the UP Fighting Maroons for the 76th Season of the UAAP and for the UP Filipiniana Alumni Dance Troupe who will participate in an international dance festival.
BALITA
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
TAPATAN
Photo by Kimberly Pauig
Hinarangan ng mga nagbarikadang kapulisan ang mga manggagawa ng Pentagon Steel Corporation sa isinagawang picket-protesta sa Kaingin Road, Quezon City. Mariing tinututulan ng mahigit 100 manggagawa ang illegal lock-out at illegal dismissal ng administrasyon ng Pentagon, at nananawagang ibalik sila sa trabaho.
POLICEBRIEFS
Colleen Abesamis
The UP Diliman (UPD) Police recorded three separate incidents of robbery in the campus within a single week. On June 20, unidentified suspects stole a laptop from the car of a College of Social Work and Community Development professor. Jeremias Leones parked his Toyota Altis in the College of Music parking lot at 6:30 am. When he returned 12 hours later, his Acer
laptop worth P25,000 was already missing from the cars compartment. Unidentified burglars also broke into the house of a masters degree student on June 23 at UP Employees Village. When Ludovica Lozano returned to her home at around 4 am, she found her backpack open and empty. The students backpack contained an iPod worth P30,000, a USB flash disk, and a cellphone worth P3,000. The burglars also took with them P50,000 in cash, two ATM cards, a checkbook and identification card, among others. Meanwhile, on the same day, a veteran thief stole the wallet of a 2nd year Political Science student in Pook Ricarte, UPD. Leomar Doctolero was on his way from a laundry shop at around 12 noon when the suspect attempted to snatch the cellphone he held in his hand. The suspect failed to grab the cellphone when Doctolero pulled it away from the suspects reach. The suspect instead took the students wallet which then fell from his laundry. The wallet contained two ATM cards and P500 worth of cash. UPDP said the suspect has already been arrested before.
entering the gate. Since motorists are not allowed to enter the campus without silencers, Dipatuan accosted the driver, but the driver drove away. When the same driver, who was later identified as Goody Laquerza, a resident of Brgy. Pansol, Quezon City, was about to leave the campus through the same gate, Dipatuan blocked his way. To escape again, Laquerza punched Dipatuan in the face. The security guard was later treated at the UP infirmary for a swelling in the right cheek.
UP guard
The University Student Council and different college councils held a candle-lighting activity in front of the Academic Oval last June 26 to call for justice for the UP students Karen Empeno and Sherlyn Cadapan who have been missing for seven years. The two were abducted by gunmen in Hagonoy, Bulacan.
LATHALAIN
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
: s t n i o P w e i Rev
ACROSS THE SPRAWLING 493-HECTARE campus of UP Diliman, at least 15,000 undergraduates roam about every day, each specializing in one of UPs 70 unique disciplines. All of them however, are bound to share a collective UP experience, as their early years would be spent on accomplishing the 45-unit general education (GE) requirement. Touted to make student[s] develop an awareness, understanding and appreciation of the various disciplines of the natural sciences, social sciences, humanities and philosophy, the GE program reflects the academic climate UP nurtures. Over time, however, and as UP sought to adapt to various challenges, the program has been the subject of much review over its relevance. Since its inception, the program has brought students together in common subjects on the arts, sciences, and humanities. But a major shift in the universitys academic goals prompted a call for its overhaul four decades after.
Curriculum revision
Laying foundations
The GE program (GEP) traces its roots in a liberal education framework which former UP President Rafael Palma espoused in the 1920s. However, it was only in the 1950s that the program materialized as a 60-unit compendium of courses crafted by each campus, one that promoted the acquir[ing of] a solid basic culture in the higher studiesbefore specialization in technical and professional courses. The program, it was hoped, would balance the trend towards further specialization in the university manifested in the establishment of new institutes and training centers such as the Institute of Public Administration (1952), Statistical Center (1953), and Labor Education Center (1954). The GEP was later reformed in 1986 by prescribing just one tailored set of courses for everyone to take (see sidebar). These new courses were designed to broaden the students intellectual and cultural horizon. As Prof. Ruth Pison, College of Arts and Letters GE committee head avers, GE subjects mold your framework on how you appreciate things [because] you learn to analyze text [through] its critical component.
In 1999, former UP President Francisco Nemenzo, Jr. led an effort to revise the curriculum. He declared to restore the liberal arts as the foundation of the undergraduate curriculum. Critics of the GEP argued that the onetrack approach has hindered student agency and limited their views and perspectives, tells Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs Ronald Banzon. Maaaring magkulang siya ng [enough] perspectives para gumawa ng sariling kritikal na opinyon, he adds. Nemenzo Jr.s administration then sought the replacement of the GEP with the Revitalized General Education Program (RGEP), an alternative which did not require any class in particular, through three years of faculty consultations. The decision to implement the RGEP was left to each campus University Council, an assembly of faculty with the rank Assistant Professor or higher, to deliberate independently. And by 2006, the RGEP was in full swing in all of UPs eight autonomous units.
Consensus-building
Freedom of choice?
Under the RGEP, the Colleges of Science, Arts and Letters, and Social Sciences and Philosophy are no longer the only colleges that can offer GEs. This time, every department in the university can now establish their own. For permanent system-wide GE council member Prof. Fidel Nemenzo, the influx of these new classes would compel each GE to regularly improve itself to attract students. Kasi kapag prescribed lahat ng GEs, hindi na-chachallenge [ang mga professors] naiimprove ang GE kasi kukunin din naman, he explains. Instead of prescribing the subjects to take, the RGEP simply requires students to
The RGEP would draw flak years after its implementation. Ang assumption kasi dito ay mature din ang students [to choose according to their needs]. Ang problema, maraming students ang umiiwas sa mga mahahalagang subjects, Fidel Nemenzo said. Since the RGEP does not require any specific subject, a student can graduate without having to take any math or communication classes. GEs may also be taken any time and in any particular order, unlike the ladderized approach of the GEP. Such freedom, the 2010 annual GE conference found out, had placed easy, uno-able and fun subjects number one in students initial considerations. [N]apapatunayan sa karanasan ng RGEP na hindi sapat ang mekanismo nitong malayang pagpili upang matiyak na makukuha ng mga mag-aaral ang ilang sabjek na masasabing esensyalsa kanilang pamamalagi sa UP, argues Prof. Ramon Guillermo, All UP Academic Employees Union national president.
Recalibrating
As RGEP continued to face criticism, incumbent UP President Alfredo Pascual held a system-wide summit to reform the RGEP in 2011. The assembly agreed that on top of the free choice framework (see sidebar), the RGEP version 2 would
At first glance, the new system appears to solve the lack of core courses under the RGEP. Yet, the new branding clearly shows who holds the cards in devising a GE program, Conti points out. UP GEM believes that students must possess the ability to decide, under the supervision of able advisers, the arrangement of their GE program. Such participation, however, did not happen during the debates to replace GEP with RGEP. Even the recent formation of the hybrid GE program did not entail proper student participation since the UC alone decides which GEs to require. Guillermo thus advocates collaboration between student and teachers in curriculum development: Dapat igiit na ang [mga esensyal na kurso] ay hindi lamang isang suhetibong pagpapalagay [ng isang grupo] kundi isang demokratikong konsensus sa hanay ng mga guro at mag-aaral. [I]f we are to pursue the hybrid system, we must ensure that all the possible permutations of a students self-determined GE curriculum will be even, consistent and fair training for all, adds Conti. In other words, a comprehensive and inclusive deliberation process, marked by the involvement of all stakeholders, is key to ensuring that the new RGEP will be effective. Otherwise, the GE program will again fall trap to mere academic trends and the whims of those few in power, falling short of the standards the University stands for.
Sources: Guillermo, R. (2007). Ang Revitalized General Education Program (RGEP) ng Unibersidad ng Pilipinas: Edukasyong Nakamodelo sa Pamilihan Mula tore patungong palengke. IBON Books. 2 University of the Philippines Mindanao (2009).THE UP GENERAL EDUCATION PROGRAM. Retrieved from www.upmin.edu.ph. 3 University of the Philippines. (2012). The General Education Program of the University of the Philippines.Bangkok, Thailand: Panopio, Rolando. Retrieved from: http://www.genednetwork.or.th/gened_data/ up_files/73_PANOPIO.pdf
LATHALAIN
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
[F]ailing
Jem Guhit & Klidel Rellin
Education
LAST SCHOOL YEAR, THE countrys elementary and secondary school students in the Philippines performed dismally at the National Achievement Test. Department of Education (DepEd) reports that out of 5,600 secondary schools, 67.10 percent scored between 26 and 50 percent, while only a third or 31.42 percent made it to the upper score ranges. On the other hand, 49.72 percent of 37,700 elementary schools scored between 51 and 75 percent, and only 36.28 percent obtained upper range marks. Indeed, for decades now, local and international assessment tests have drawn attention to Filipino students worsening performance. Many parties had been attributing the trend to the countrys shorter basic education. To address the problems linked to our short educational system, Benigno Aquino IIIs administration sought to implement K-12 or the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013, starting school year 20132014. Despite this, the program barely touches the core problems of the countrys educational system. Progress report The countrys old educational system comprises of 10 years of formal education and features three levelssix years of which are spent in grade school, four years in high school, and four or more for college. Most countries have 11 years of basic education, but may extend to 12 or 14 years. In fact, until the implementation of the K-12, the Philippines was one of the last three countries in the world with a 10-year basic education program, the other two being Djibouti and Angola. In an attempt to adapt the countrys 10-year basic education system to the world standard, the Philippines decided to implement K-12, which is the standard prerequisite for recognition of students and professionals by the Washington Accord in the US and the Bologna Process in the European Union. The K-12 program consists of one year in kindergarten, six years of elementary level, four years of junior high school and the last two years for Senior high school; it was been widely adopted by many countries, namely Australia, the United States of America, and now, the Philippines.
Sadly, the K-12 program implementation comes before addressing the educational sectors bigger, more systemic problems such as the shortage in schools, teachers, classrooms, books and other learning materials. The country is now up to experience a stormy path ahead with all the problems that the system is creating early at its implementation. Incomplete This years pilot test of K-12 is now bombarded with problems. In the rush to update the educational system, many schools came unprepared in adopting the global standard. Problems that accompany the implementation of K-12 stem from the lack of sufficient budget allocation for the education sector. For instance, Jona*, a 13 year old Grade 8 student studying at a public high school in Quezon City, has eight siblings with a single working mother. She walks to and from school every day to attend the second shift class which starts from 12:40 in the afternoon until 7 in the evening. She barely has breaks because she needs to study all the subjects that were compressed to make two shifts possible. Enduring compressed subjects with little breaks as a mode of learning every day is not only tiring but a form of data overload. Jona belongs to a class of 45 that shares a 7x9 meter classroom with another section. Together, they bear being in cramped space while competing for textbooks and learning materials. Interestingly, DepEd claims to have no shortages in any educationrelated facilities by the end of 2013. But currently, 34, 763 classrooms are still needed in order to accommodate the increase in sections and classes. DepEd is also short of its target of 145, 825 teachers by 110, 874. In addition, groups have pointed to the overlaps between subjects of college and high school. This indicates that college might have to teach high school students in the future in order to offset and manage the enrollment drop during the transition period, according to DepEd. Unrefined Anna*, 27 years old, has been teaching Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao or Values Education in a public high school for two years. She earns
P18, 549 monthly for working from 12:30pm to 7pm. Since the K-12 program was implemented, she has to work harder and teach longer hours because of the scarcity of teachers and the rapidly increasing sections per grade. To supposedly prepare her for the additional task and different approach of the program, Anna was sent to a five-day training. We discussed how to plan the lessons, the framework of the curriculum, and the activities that can be done for the students, she shared. She adds, The teachers guide and the students modules are not yet available and might be released on the end of first quarter. But the students also need to study, so [we] need to teach and be creative. DepEd has since allotted the Education Service Contracting (ESC) scheme to aid those students with families who cant afford the expenses who need to pay for additional costs. At the same time, Commission on Higher Education (CHED) is studying the possibility of a decrease in the number of years of college degree programs. The scenario in schools only show that students and teachers alike are unprepared to handle the new curriculum and schools are not fully equipped to take in more classes and subjects. With budget still lacking, K-12 will be unable to conform to the ideal standard of education. According Alliance of Concerned Teachers (ACT), a sectorial party dedicated to teachers and educational staff, the government must strive to attain 6% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) benchmark to be able to sustain the K-12 program. While systemic issues remain unaddressed, the abrupt revision of the countrys educational system would lead to a downgrade rather than an upgrade in the quality of education. Eventually, increasing the number of school years cannot guarantee that every student would receive the quality of education they deserve. The people should have the education that will equip them with the right skill and thinking that will uplift the country and as hasty decisions and budget problems cloud these efforts, K-12 would be essentially ineffective. *not their real names.
KULTURA
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
Bahay at kasaysayan
Mary Joy T. Capistrano
KUMIKINDAT SA LIWANAG ANG mga munting parisukat na capiz sa bintana ng naglalakihang mga bahay sa Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar. Paroot parito ang mga kalesang sakay ang mga bisita, samantalang masiglang nagbabahagi ang mga guwardiya-sibil ng mga kuwento tungkol sa kasaysayan ng Pilipinas. Naiibang pasyalan at bahaybakasyunan ang Las Casas sa Bagac, Bataan. Sa halip na dagat o payapang tanawin, pangunahing atraksyon dito ang mga bahay nina Teodora Alonzo, Pamilya Reyes ng Pampaga, at iba pang kilalang personalidad sa kasaysayan ng bansa. Bukod sa pamamasyal, maaari ring pansamantalang tumuloy sa nasabing mga bahay, na inilipat mula sa mga orihinal nilang lokasyon sa ibat ibang panig ng bansa. Sa diwa ng pagpanatili at pangangalaga ng arkitektura at kultura, inaakay ng Las Casas ang kanilang mga bisita tungo sa mayamang istorya ng ating kasaysayanP650 para sa pagdalaw, at hanggang P150, 000 naman para sa ilang araw na panunuluyan. Salamin ng kasaysayan Sa kasalukuyan, may 27 bahay sa Las Casas ang maaaring dalawin ng mga bisita
kabilang ang replika ng Paseo de Escolta, isang hanay ng mga bahay na sentro ng kalakalan sa Maynila noong panahon ng Kastila; isang bahay ng Maranaw; at ang bahay ng ina ni Jose Rizal. Bagaman mga bahay ng Pilipinas ang ibig sabihin ng Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar, tila isang balintuna na ngayoy iisa lamang ang kinikilalang may-ari ng mga antigong tahanansi Jose Acuzar, isang arkitekto at negosyante. Dahil mahilig sa mga lumang bahay, binibili pa rin ni Acuzar ang mga ito kahit pira-piraso at nasa junkshop na, gaya ng Casa Mexico na nabili niya sa halagang P50,000.
Batid sa mga istruktura sa Las Casas ang pag-unlad ng arkitektura at pagyabong ng sining sa bansa. Bawat disenyo at istrukturang ginamit sa mga lumang bahay ay matutunton sa ibat ibang panahon sa kasaysayanmula sa bahay-kubo, na yari sa pawid ng kawayan at dahon ng anahaw, hanggang sa napapalamutiang mga bahay na bato. Ngunit nagmimistulang pinabango ang kasaysayang ipinamamalas ng Las Casas sa mga bisita nito dahil sa pagkukubli ng ilang mga hindi kaaya-ayang kuwento sa kasaysayan ng Pilipinas. Halimbawa, sadyang iwinawaksi ng mga eksena sa Las Casas ang alaala ng karahasang naranasan ng mga Pilipino sa kamay ng mga guwardiyasibil noong panahon ng mga Kastila. Liban sa pagpapabango ng kasaysayan, tila pinatampok din ng Las Casas bilang isang heritage site ang ideyang ang kasaysayan ay hinubog at pinausad ng ilang kilalang personalidad. Gayunman, tinatangkilik pa rin ang Las Casas sa kabila ng mga limitasyon nito, dahil sa hatid nitong kurot sa damdaming makabayan ng mga Pilipino. Lipat-bahay Dating bahay-bakasyunan lamang ni Acuzar ang Las Casas, ngunit kalaunay ginawa niya itong koleksyon ng mga lumang bahay sa Pilipinas.
Kaysa tuluyang masira sa orihinal nilang Malayo na sa pagiging isang palayan mga lokasyon, naisip ni Acuzar na mas ang kasalukuyang hitsurat lawas ng mainam na ilipat ang mga ito sa Bataan Las Casas ngunit maaaninaw pa rin sa upang mapangalagaan. paligid nito ang mga luntiang bundok at Hindi madali ang mag-assemble ng banayad na pag-agos ng mga ilogisang isang buong bahay. Kailangan naming tipikal na larawan ng payapang bukid, at pag-aralan ang bawat detalye ng mga ideyal na lokasyon para sa mahinahot disenyo, ani Jordan Hernandez, masayang bakasyon. arkitekto sa Las Casas. Wari umanong mga eksenang Isa sa mga lumang bahay sa Las Casas ipininta ng mga tanyag na pintor gaya ang Alberto Mansion, dating bahay ng nina Fernando Amorsolo at Juan ina ni Rizal. Kalahati lamang ng orihinal Luna ang mga tanawin sa Las Casas, na 200-taon bahay ang nailipat sa Las ayon sa website nito. Bukod sa muling Casas matapos itong harangin ng lokal pagpapatayo at pagpapatibay sa mga na pamahalaan ng Bian, Laguna. bahay, isinaayos din ang mga tahanan sa Malakit radikal na hakbang para Las Casas upang mas maging kaaya-aya sa Las Casas ang ipatibag at ilayo ang ito sa mga bisita. mga lumang bahay mula sa komunidad Dinadagdagan namin ang [panloob at espasyong humubog sa kanilang na disenyo] ng mga pinta na nakapagkakakilanlan. Sa pagtatangka ng Las mosaic o mga antigong kagamitan, ani Casas na gumawa ng makatotohanang Hernandez. replika ng nakaraan, higit lamang Patunay ito na hindi lamang binago naging tampok ang kabiguan nito sa ng Las Casas ang orihinal na kontekstong pagpapanatili ng kalinangang pamana ng kinabibilangan ng mga bahay. Itinuring ating kasaysayan. din ang mga istruktura bilang mga Wala umanong masama kung produktong kailangang ilako. At dahil tunguhin ng Las Casas na pangalagaan dito, hinulma ng Las Casas ang disenyo ang kulturat disenyong Pilipino, ng mga bahay upang umakma ito sa isang ani Propesor Gil Gotiangco ng unibersal, popular, at payak na konsepto Departamento ng Kasaysayan. [Subalit] ng kasaysayan. ang isang istruktura ay may angkop na Mistula mang ipinamamalas kinalalagyan. Inaalisan mo ang lugar ng ng Las Casas sa mga Pilipino ang [identidad] kapag nawala sa lugar na yun kahalagahan ng ating kasaysayan at [ang mga istrukturang bumubuo rito], kultura, natatali ito sa kagustuhang dagdag ni Gotiangco. gawing malabnaw ngunit kalugodSa gayon, mahalagang isaalang- lugod ang mga kuwentong alang ang mga lugar na pinagmulan ng isinasalaysay ng bawat bahaydahil mga bahay dahil binibigyang-karakter na rin sa pangangailangang kumita. ng mga tirahang ito ang kanilang At sa pagtatakda ng halagang kapalit komunidad at nagsisilbing rin itong ng ilang oras o araw na pagbabaliktagapag-paalala ng nakaraan. tanaw sa kasaysayan, tila nagiging There are stories in different houses ekslusibo ang kultura sa iilang may [and] different kakayahang architecture [but] magbayad. there are times Bagamat Ang isang when there are inaalagaan at many peculiarities hindi hinahayaang istruktura ay that can only masira ang mga be attributed to may angkop na gusalit tahanan the place,ani sa Las Casas, Propesor Mary Ann nananatiling kinalalagyan. Espina, Dekano nakakubli sa ilalim ng Kolehiyo ng ng mga pinakintab Arkitektura. na sahig at sa likod ng mga palamuti ang mga kuwentot Lunan ng kasaysayan salaysay ng ating nakaraan. At hanggat Dating isang malawak na palayan ang ginagawang negosyo ang kulturang lupaing kasalukuyang kinaroroonan ng pamana ng ating mga ninuno, maaaring Las Casas. Bagamat karamihan sa mga manatiling nakasiksik sa mga sulok at nakatira dito noon ay nangibang-bayan siwang ng mga bahay ang mga istoryat na, may ilan pa ring nanatili katulad ni katotohanan ng ating kasaysayan. Thelma* na may maliit na karinderiya sa laylayan ng kilalang heritage site. Photographs : Kimberly Pauig
Page design : Jan Andrei Cobey
KULTURA
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
a s n o y s u l n o o b Re hinasy a m I
za Alon k c i r Pat
bling-bling ang agimat. Hinaraya rin ang posibilidad ng isang matandang Bonifacio, mistulang palaban pa rin kahit hukluban na. Hinalaw din si Bonifacio bilang kalabaw, simbolo umano ng kasipagan sa pagpundar ng rebolusyon, at bilang isang OFW na tinaguriang mga bagong bayani ng ating henerasyon. Ngunit sa lahat ng mga itinaguyod na mga interpretasyon sa Supremo at sa rebolusyon, nagkulang pa rin ang mga ito sa esensyal nitong katwiranang rebolusyonaryong diwa. Lumawak man ang interpretasyon, nakulong ito sa diwa na mistulang palaban ngunit maingat at nangingimi sa pagsulong ng anti-kolonyal na pagkilos. Sabihin mang maantig ang saloobin ng mga nakakita nito, higit pa sa intensyong magparamdam ng ahitasyon, saan marapat iturol ang saloobing ito lalo pat ang inaakala nating rebolusyong Pilipino ay tapos na? Sa maluwag na paggamit ng salitang rebolusyon, nahihigop ang lahat ng ito sa isang di mawaring sakuna, at imbis na buhayin ang diwa ay lalo itong nakikitil dahil sa lihis na paggagap sa papel ng rebolusyon sa kasaysayang Pilipino. Hindi ngayon maiwas sa ating isipan ang isang tanong: Ito ba ang rebolusyong hinahangad natin? Sa Gunitang Sakbibi ng Linlang Naglulunoy ang kasaysayang Pilipino sa isang alimpuyo ng ligalig. Sumulpot ang mga naggigiit at nagsasawata sa kahalagahan ng isang rebolusyon, mayroong pinahahalagahan ang kontribusyon ng mga bayani, at mayroong mga nagsisiwalat ng mga di maiiwasang kontrobersya. Ngunit ang lahat ng itoy sadyang pinalabnaw upang hindi tayo makapulot ng isang partikular na aral. Ang mga kaalamang itinuro sa atin noon pa man ay nagsilbing lason na dumadaloy sa ating isipan hanggang ngayon. Hindi alintana na ang itinuturong kasaysayan sa atin ay batbat ng mga kahinaan. Sadyang ipinakita ang rebolusyong Pilipino bilang isang katakot-takot na pangyayari, at sa halip ay sadyang pinagpitagan ang tinaguriang pambansang bayani ng mga Pilipinosi Jose Rizal. Sa Veneration Without Understanding ni Renato Constantino, tinalunton niya ang mga dahilan ng pagkadakila ni Rizal. Sa pagbubuod ng kaniyang paliwanag, si Rizal ang pinakaakmang personahe upang mapanatili ang kolonyal na kaayusan ng lipunang Pilipino dahil hindi niya kailanman isinulong at sinupor tahan ang madugong rebolusyong Pilipino. Matatandaan si Rizal bilang taglay ang mga katangiang ito: isang ilustrado, repormista, hindi ikinampanya ang independensiya at bagkus ikinampanya ang patas na karapatan sa mga kolonisador, taliwas sa mga isinulong ng ibang mga militante at radikal na bayani tulad ni Bonifacio. Dagdag pa, ang pagkakaluklok ni Rizal bilang pambansang bayani ay batay sa interbensyon ng Estados Unidos, sandig sa proklamasyon ni General Howard Taft sa Philippine Commision noong 1901. Upang malupig ang rebolusyonaryong diwa, binigyan tayo ng isang maamong pambansang bayani kung saan marapat nating ihulma ang kaisipan natin. Nakabuo ngayon ang mga mananakop ng mainam na bitag upang lalong mabiyak ang pagkakaisa ng sambayanang Pilipino. Dahil dito, nahantong tayo sa isang kultura ng pagpili kung sino ang mas pinapaboran na bayani at ang taglay nilang katangian, si Rizal o Bonifacio? Bagaman sa katunayan, naging biktima ang mga bayani natin sa minanipulang kasaysayan ng mga kolonisador, ang mga dalisay na hinagap at layuning kanilang isinulong ay pinagbangga bilang resulta nito. Nang tinanggap natin iyon bilang katotohanan, maski ang mga sarili natin ay naging biktima na rin.
MISTULANG SUMIKLAB ANG makasaysayang himagsikan sa Academic Oval sa UP Diliman. Naglipana ang mga imahen ng mga lalaking nakasuot ng puting kamisa chino at may pulang telang nakabalabal sa leeg, mapangahas na tinuturo ang hawak na bolo sa malayong himpapawid. Sila ang mga magigiting na anak ng bayanang mga katipunero. Sa gitna ng samut saring mga imahen, tumampok pa rin ang isang ginoo. Kagalang-galang ang kaniyang mukha, ngunit taal ang pagka-tiimbagang, mamamalas ang tanyag na tikas at titig na halos lumagos sa kaluluwa ang tinaguriang ama ng himagsikang Pilipino, si Andres Bonifacio. Naglipana rin ang samut saring interpretasyon ng isang salitang tila iniilagan nang talakayin sa ating lipunanang Rebolusyon. Guniguning Bayani Ang salitang rebolusyon ay halaw sa wikang Latin na revolutio, na ibig sabihin ay pag-inog o pagbuwelta,
isang pagbabago sa anumang relasyon sa isang istruktura, konseptwal man o materyal. Bilang bahagi ng ika-150 kaarawan ni Bonifacio, tinangka ng proyektong Revolution ng Center for Art, New Ventures and Sustainable Development (CANVAS) ang pagdalumat at pagbibigay-pugay sa imahen ng rebolusyon at sa kaniyang Supremo. Nagbunga ito ng mga sanga-sangang mga interpretasyon. Sa isang banda, naroon ang tradisyunal na imahen ng mga katipunero, magiting na lumulusob sa napipintong digmaan, nakasigaw, at handang iunday ang tagak. Sa kabila, pilit namang inilulugar ang Supremo sa kasalukuyang panahon. Hawak ang kaniyang piko at pala habang nakapatong ang puting kamisa chino sa leeg, mistulang isang pagal na obrero ang Supremo. Binihisan din siya bilang street gangster, suot ang isang free size shirt, low-cut maong at kicks na kulaywatawat ng Pilipinas, at nagsilbing
Pagkatimawa ng mga Alipin Tuluyan tayong nabihag sa isang kolonyal na kaisipan. Kahit ang mga inaakala nating bagong imahen ng rebolusyon ay sintomas pa rin ng kolonyal nating kaisipan. Resulta ito ng matagumpay na pagbigo ng mga kolonisador sa rebolusyong Pilipino. Ang mga taunang komemorasyon ng mga bayaning hinubog sa malabnaw na kasaysayan ang nagsisilbing pananda nito. Sa halip na matukoy ang kaaway ng sambayanan at ang pundamental na suliranin ng lipunang Pilipino, naiwan tayong watak-watak at hindi mapagkaisa. Kung gayon, kinakailangan ng isang mariing pagtasa sa kasaysayan upang makabuo ng isang tunay na kamalayang Pilipino. Ang kamalayang Pilipino sa gayon ang magsisilbing mitsa ng rebolusyonaryong diwa. Kung ang mga mananakop pa rin ang may kapangyarihan upang pagpasiyahan ang tadhana ng ating bansa, ang pagmulat at pagsulong muli ng isang anti-kolonyal at tunay na makabayang kilusan ay isang mariing pangangailangan upang baguhin ang kasaysayan. Lilitaw din ang mga makabagong bayani ng ating henerasyon, sa paglaban kasama ang sambayanang Pilipino. Sa dulo nitong lahat, malinaw na hindi pa tapos ang rebolusyong ipinundar nila Bonifacio. Ang mga alaala nila ay pananda sa mga tanikalang naglulupig sa tinubuang lupa. Sa bawat pagkumpuni ng nasira nating kasaysayan ay magsisilbi itong tabak na magtatarak sa katapusan ng diwang kolonyal, at susulong isang hakbang tungo sa tunay na kalayaan. *Sanggunian: Veneration Without Understanding, Renato Constantino, mula sa librong Dissent and CounterConsiousness. Nilimbag ng Malaya Books, Inc. 1970.
10
OPINYON
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
My adversary was my grandmother... Its strange to many people, but I love arguing with her.
And I mean that literally. I know that there is nothing I could do, from flunking out of school to bringing home a dead body, which would ever diminish her absolute faith in me. She would blame the school. She would help me bury the body. In my various stints as writer, journalist, activist, and law student I have learned that too many of us have never been, or ever will be, loved like that. When I was in grade school a relative died, and confronted for the first time with death, I sought out my grandmother in the darkened living room of our house. The deceased was her brother. I remember feeling fear at how tired she looked, and I asked (with the bravery of youth, for I cannot bring myself to ask her now) if she was afraid to die. Yes and no, she said. She was old and had learned to accept that her time was limited, but she still had so much she wanted to do and see, she explained. She pulled me into her lap and stroked my hair while I cried. Lola, for that honesty, and so much more, I am grateful. I love you. Ill miss you.
I once deconstructed the anatomy of the universe, and realised that no angel exists in the dark expanse of the cosmos, only specs of dust.
OPINYON
PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN
eksenang peyups
TEXTBACK
newscan
11
Wet Edishun!!!
Haloowa mga baklur! This rainy season is making me very wet, not just my singit but my anit to the bottom of my feet as well. Buti na lang kahit jumulanis morisette during the LGBT Pride March eh di nawash out ang aking mascara ang foundation, dami pa man ding papables and fububles. Ahihihi. Dahil marami akong nashowayt habang inirarampa ko ang aking ganda, for sure magkakaroon ako ng wet dreams for the whole sem! Hahaha. Wet blankets are really the hardest to wash, if you know what I mean aminin. Kalurks and kadirs ha, basta, eto na aking regular scoops that will leave you wet and itchy! Interwet and World Wide Wet. Electrifying lolo from a balur near the fishy institute is almost ready for his erecture. Unfortunately, his powerpoint is wetchikels kumonekchi sa laptopungs niya kaya he opened his browser to open his email. Naloka ang mga apo ni lolo kasi recently opened tabs of porn sites unfolded right in front of their pretentious virgin eyes. Oh boy! Hmmm and uhmmm. Way worse is lolo did not notice this shenanigan and he opened another zipper, este window. Ermengerdium labia-oooohsa! Super whisper cottony soft ang mga apo with matching pagtataka. Grabe dito ha, daming pa-virgin. As if you havent seen 2 girls and 1 cup pa eh. Wetathione. Ingat-ingat din sa mga nakaw na tingin! This malanding kulutera is mejoi halata na rin sa kanyang mga stolen glances kay classmate who knows how to make sipa very well. According pa sa mga bulungbulungan, na sa sobrang lakas at dami ay narinig ko na, pati mga kaklase niyang malalandi rin ay hindi nagpapaawat kakatingin kay koya sipatero. Yummy! nga kasi di ba? Whats more galore, bumuhos ang Niagara falls mula sa in between ni ateng ng accidentally magkadikit ang kanilang mga kamay for 0.00000001 seconds. Jusko kaloka itong mejoi malanding kulutera na itey! Puro stolen glances and lustful images na kalurki! Naku ha, krimen ang magnakaw no, dalhin kita sa isang airbase malapit sa resorts world eh. Ahahaha Wetchikels. Girlean from another generation made irap to this revolutionary girlette while she was making harurot her biggy car. Sabi ng aking witness whos been hiding under your bushes just to see h*mens este krimens first hand is that muntik na mabonggels ng bongga nitong si girlean si girlette. One bitch slap away na lang daw at tuluyang nalurki ang ganda nitong si girlette. Watch your attitude girlean huh, Ive been wetching you lately and you seem to be a bit windy. Kaw din, sumbong kita kay chancy. *wink After kong mabasa sa ulan ay ayan na ang aking mga nasinghot na chika. Next edition na uli mga baklur, magpapakabasa na rin muna ako down under and may you also be wet this rainy season. Babooooosh!
Scrap or Reform?
Reform 2012-30428 Bakit pa natin ipagpapatuloy kung di naman talaga nagwo-work? Tigilan na natin ito! Sa mahal ng tuition isa na lang ang kidney ko! (chos) Syempre SCRAP! SCRAP STFAP! 2010-172xx Love Ann Tayo BA BC Scrap STFAP! Ilang ulit na itong na-reform pero wala pa ring nangyayari. The problem here is the STFAP itself! 2012-09869 Jade Mark Santos, Engg Why should we settle for less? Scrap na yan! 200932856 SCRAP! Education is a right, not a privilege. It must be accessible at all levels. Roll back d tuition, fight for full state subsidy. SCMP BSCD 2010**8*0
Calling all Ilocano, Pangasinense, and Tausug native speakers! Help us preserve, develop, and enrich the Philippine Languages. Earn Php400 as you join us in a 1 1/2 hour recording session at the DSP Laboratory, UP EEEI Bldg. Text 09166517555 for further details.
hanap n kau ng physics tutor!!!! ;)) 2010-***91 daniel Paabutin nila ng game7 tulad ng spurs. 2012-30428 UP Basketball Team, go for gold! ***222*** Mike Silungan, pwede bang ako ang gawin mong bola? Idribble mo naman ako minsan! Hehe :)) 2010-29**4 Sana hindi lang si Paras ang asahan ng team... Sana lhat mag-standout pra mas malaki ang chance nting manalo. 11-4***9 Jonathan ipakita nyo naman na deserve nyo ang tuition nyo wag nyo daanan sa height try nyo kayang umabot sa finals mga koyang choss:D 2013-2*28* Chuchay Geo Engg MABUHAY FIGHTING MAROONS!LABAN! 201078910 para sa basketball team, sana ma inspire kayo kay oble na willing mag sacrifice para sa ating unibersidad yehey! Good luck :) 11-09**4 afan BSCE Go UP Maroons! Hayaan niyo na silang manalo sa UAAP, at least taga-UP kayo! Haha. 201262485 Jonathane UPDEPP manalo, matalo, matalino parin kayo. at matangkad. dont fail us! 201010174
In the UP Debate Society, we dont just train our members to express opinions. We train them to build battlecries. We train them to know what they stand for, and defend it. Were more than just opinions. Were a movement. Learn what it takes to be part of the UP Dilimans seat of reason. Sign-up this week: AS Walkway Applicants Orientation- July 12, 2013, 5:30 PM Venue: TBA Contact Irish- 0916 425 4548 or Gab-0917 895 0893
Comments
Ganda ng layout. Galing ng illustrations ni ysa calinawan. Dear Mr. Alan Tuazon, sa palagay ko mas okay ang vocal kaysa sa silent type (sabi rin nung katabi ko). Kasi may exchange ng ideas kaya may growth (daw). Huwag susuko! XD Sana magkalablayp ka na soon. Good luck! 201*-0928* May 2006-XX0XX Masakit sa ulo intindihin ng mga unang salita ni Patrick Alzona: Sa ika-105th dantaon... Sana typo lang ito...
Join the UP Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Society! Application period is from June 19 to July 1. Applicants Orientation is on June 28, 5 30pm at NIMBB rooms 110-112. For more details, contact Monica at 09228464845. Do you have what it takes to be part of the best? Be part of the UP Streetdance Club family! Audition date: June 28, 6PM at UP Gym. For more info, contact 09178110342 or visit facebook. com/upstreetdanceclub.
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The Undergraduate
TO TEMPORARILY TAKE A BREAK from the pressures of presswork, I secretly watched a random movie from someones hard drive lying around in the Graphics room. It must have been some sort of unconscious Freudian thing, but I ended up clicking on The Graduate from among a list of titles. Last time I watched the film, I was still struggling with puberty at an allboys high school and with uncertainty as to what I wanted to take for college. My brothers always wanted to be lawyers even since childhood. I was the only one among a family of lawyers who did not share the same dream. I never really knew what I wanted, but I was certain the law holds no charm for me. If you do not want to be a lawyer, choose a profession of the same calibre, a doctor or an engineer, my father negotiated with me as I was about to fill my UPCAT form three years back. Yet even before conceding taking up Engineering, I was already confident that there would be no sure engineer post for me after graduatingor even after passing the board exams. The Graduate ended just in time for dinner. Everyone was rushing towards the offices receiving area, which meant the McDonalds delivery man was already at the door. Eyes heavy from endless hours in front of my laptop, I sat with the rest of the gang at the conference table and absent-mindedly ate what was supposed to be burgers and fries and chicken. It all tasted the same. It must have been another unconscious, Freudian thing, but I said something which steered the conversation towards my dismal chances at getting a job after college. But there are a lot of poetic jobs out there, Alan. Im sure we can manage, a senior writer cheerfully assured me. The rest of us pitched in: a watchmaker who literally has time in his hands, a receptionist of a seedy motel, a zookeeper, a driver, an antiques shop keeper, a midwife. A wedding-planner, one of the illustrators suggested. The list continues. An embalmer? Everybody laughed with a tinge of guilt. Though unspoken, we all agreed that everyoneeven UP students would not have a guaranteed job after graduation. Or I could just be a writer of poems posted in the MRT ad spaces? Theyre planning to hike the MRT fare, right? Maybe MRT poets would have a decent salary, I jested. What do they say about jokes again?
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*Or just call for SCRAP STFAP Expiration: July 4, 2074
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Magdala ng 2 bluebook, bolpen at portfolio ng gawa (kung Photogs, Layout, o Illus)
Matuto ng ninjutsu ng mga Kuya natin sa CASAA. Hanapin lamang ang kanilang sensei.
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Inbisibol si sensei. Goodluck sa paghahanap.
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Dahil hindi naman kami Braavosi, wa epek ito. Expiration: July 4, 2013 Expiration: Pakibilisan lang.
na ito sa sinumang Kule staff at sabihin ang katagang ito: Valar Morghulis
Rosette Abogado