CE 432 Wastewater Treatment Plant Design

Sewer Design, edit bolded values: S, n, conduit fill ratio e.g. .75, Qavg (MGD) and the factors for Qpeak hour

Given:S = .005 ft/ft, n=.003, conduit 3/4 full BOD 5 250 S(ft/ft) = 0.005 SS 220 n= 0.013 Total P 9 NH3-N as N conduit fill ratio = 0.75 30 Q avg, MDG = 15 Q peak hourly, factor 2.5 Q min, factor 0.4 Find: D, Vmin, Vmax D, inches = 40.28 Use next larger commerically available size, subsequent d's and V's based on the calculate Vmax, fps = 8.15 davg, inches 28.56 Vavg, fps = 3.46 dmin, fps = 20.26 Vmin, fps = 2.08 Waste Flows Design Flow Q avg Q peak Q min

Factor 1 2.5 0.4

MGD 15.00 37.50 6.00

CFS 23.21 58.01 9.28

GPM 10417 26042 4167

Calculate the pipe diameter d/D= 0.75 -1 q = 2cos (1-(2d/D))= 240.00 q, radians 4.19 A=(D2/8)(q-sin(q)) R=(D/4)(1 - sin(q)/qr) AR2/3=(D8/3/ (8*4 2/3))(q-sin(q)(1 - sin(q)/qr)2/3 (q-sin(q)(1 - sin(q)/qr)2/3 = Qn(8*42/3)/ [ (1.486)*D8/3*S1/2 ] D based on peak flow = [ Qn(8*42/3)/ (1.486)S1/2(q-sin(q))(1 - sin(q)/qr)2/3 ] 3/8 D, feet = 3.36 D, inches = 40.28 Use next larger commercially available size Calculate the maximum velocity based on the peak hourly flow A=(D2/8)(q-sin(q)) d for max flow, ft 30.21 d/D= 0.75 q = 2cos-1(1-(2d/D))= 240.00 q, radians 4.19 A, ft2 = 7.12 Based on calculated D, not next larger commerically available size Vpeak, fps = 8.15 Calculate the average velocity based on the average flow d for avg flow, ft = 2.38 Based on calculated D, not next larger commerically available size

d for avg flow, inches = d/D= q = 2cos-1(1-(2d/D))= q, radians A, ft2 = Vavg, fps =

28.56 0.71 229.47 4.00 6.71 3.46

Calculate the minimum velocity based on the minimum flow d for min flow, ft = 1.69 Based on calculated D, not next larger commerically available size d for min flow, inches = 20.26 d/D= 0.50 q = 2cos-1(1-(2d/D))= 180.68 q, radians 3.15 2 A, ft = 4.46 Vmin, fps = 2.08

the factors for Qpeak hourly and Qmin.

s and V's based on the calculated value shown.

CE 432 Wastewater Treatment Plant Design

Bar Screens
Given: Provide 2 (1+1) mechanical screens, q=75, bars space = 1.0 inches, Vmax = 3.0 fps, Vavg = 2fps, Vmin =1.3 fps q, degrees = 0.005 Vmax, fps = 0.013 Vavg, fps = 0.75 Vmin, fps = Find: 1. Bar rack dimensions 2. Chamber dimensions d in the rack at peak flow headloss through the rack draw a dimensional plan and profile of the bar screen structure Waste Flows Design Flow Factor MGD CFS Q avg 1 15.0 23.21 Q peak 2.5 37.5 58.01 Q min 0.4 6.0 9.28

avg = 2fps, Vmin =1.3 fps

CE 432 Waste water treatment plant design Grit Chamber

Waste characteristics Design Flow MGD Ave Q 12 Peak Q 25 BOD 5 SS Total P
NH3-N as N

CFS 18.60 38.75

250 220 9 30

D. Primary

CE 432 Waste water treatment plant design

mg/l Waste characteristics Design Flow Ave Q Peak Q MGD 12 25 CFS 18.60 38.75 BOD 5 SS Total P
NH3-N as N

250 220 9 30

Plant Effluent Qualities BOD 5 SS VSS/SS ratio Module D-- Primary Treatment

(mg/l) 20 20 0.65

L/W ratio

BOD 5 Percent Removal Effluent (mg/l) 34 165

SS 63 81.4

Design Criteria No. of Tanks Detention Time SOR 2 1.5 800 hours min. gpd/sf

Calculations

Tank Dimensions Tank Area = Q/ SOR= Tank Vol = Q * DT Tank Depth = V/A = 15000 750000 sf total or gal total or 7500 sf each tank 375000 gal ea tank

6.68 ft

Use 7 ft plus 2 ft freeboard

A = Wx L = W x 4 W L = A/W=

W= 187.5

43.3 ft

use use

40 190

ft ft

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E. AS

Module E. Activated Sludge Treatment Tot BOD 5 Primary Effluent 165 SS 81.4 20 0.65 13 biodeg/SS biodg solid

Secondary Effluent Qualities (mg/l) 20 Peak Factor E1 BOD rate constant k Ratio of Lu to 5 day BOD = f = 2.1

0.1 per day 0.684 12.6 7.4

BOD due to biomass = 1.42 *biodg * BOD/Lu = Soluble BOD in effluent = Total BOD - BOD due to biomass=

Biological Treatment Efficienty based on soluble BOD = Biological Tramtment Efficiency based on total BOD=

95.5% 87.9%

E2

Aeration Volume

Use Metcalf and Eddy's Kinetic Model VX = Y Q C (S0-Se) / ( 1+ kd C) Design parameters X = MLVSS ( mg/l) Y = Cell yield co. ( per day) Q = Inflow ( MGD) C= Cell resident time (days) kd=endo. resp. rate ( per day) So = BOD in inflow (mg/l) Se = BOD in effl. (mg/l) 2800 0.6 12 MGD 10 days 0.06 165 7.4 MLSS = 3500 VSS/SS 0.80

Volume of tank ( MG) = V = Y Q C (S0-Se) / ( 1+ kd C) /X= Volume ( cf) = Hyd retention time = V/Q= 0.21 days or

2.53 338665 5.1 hrs

E3

Tank dimensions Tank depth ( ft) Total Tank area = V/d Area for each tank = Width of each tank = Length of each tank= 15 ft 22578 sf 5644 33.6 166 use 34 No. of Tanks L/W ratio 4 5

E4

Return Sludge Rate Calculate by balancing biomass around reactor ( not accurate/ ignores cell growth in reactor)

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Q Xo + Qr Xr = ( Q+Qr) X Q Qr=Q X / ( Xr-X) 12 Xo 0 X 2800 Xr 10000 MG Qr 4.67 Qr/Q 0.39

E5

Waste Activated Sludge Rate Method A. Calculated from Cell Residence time C C = V X/(QwXr+QeXe) Qw =(VX/C-QeXe)/Xr= WAS--VSS (lbs/day)= WAS--SS (lbs/day) = 0.0553301 MG 4615 5768 Px = Yobs Q ( So-Se) 8.34 Y Yobs = Y / ( 1+kd C) Q Biomass SS WAS --SS (lbs/day) = Px - Q Xe 8.34 = 12 0.6 So 165 Kd 0.06 Se 7.4 C 10 Px 5916 7394 5393 Yobs 0.375 10 V 2.53 X 2800 Xr 10000 Xe 13

Method B. Calculate from BOD removal

Use the larger of two methods

WAS--SS =

5768 lbs/day

E-6

RAS and WAS Pumps

Tot Q MG

Q/pump gpm 4.67 0.055 1080 58

Qp/Pump gpm 2251 120

no. of RAS pumps no of WAS pumps (WAS pumps 8 hr/d)

3 2

E-7

Oxygen Requirements

O2 = C BODu - BODu in Px + N BODu Q So 12 165 Se 7.4 f 0.684 C BODu 23070

C BOD = Q ( So-Se) 8.34 / f

Px (SS lb/d))Biodg/SS BOD in WAS = 1.42 Px (biod) 5916 0.65

BOD in WAS 5460

O2 (lbs/d) =

17610 36688

For ave flow For peak flow

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E-8

Compressor Requiement

Air requirement at STP ( 14.7 psi and 68 F) lbs/cf Air 0.0752 O2/Air Vol O2/Air Wt 0.21 0.23 transfer eff = air wt(lb/d) 76566 0.128 air (lb/sec) air (scfm) 0.886 6.923 14.42 Sized at Qp e 0.8 P2 (psia) 24.7 P1(psia) 13.7 R 53.3 Each compressor Av disch P 19.7 no of compressor HP max Check MIxing Ave Q (scfm/1000 cf aeration vol) At Qp cfm/scfm* cfm/1000cfm Ave flow At peak flow E-9 Calculate numuber of diffusers From M&E p. 562 T 10-7, typical values 3.3-10 cfm per diffuser Use diffuser with number of diffusers = number of diffuser per tank= 5 cfm/diffuser at Qp 2302 575 L Coarse bubble spiral Grid Diffuser spacing = L/n Spacing =sqrt( tank area/ no of diffusers) = 3 n Spacing(ft) spacing(in) Ceramic Disc Grids 0.87 14.2 29.5 (Ts/Ts) Vs 639 scfm 5524 6 V (1000 cf) scfm/1000cfm T tank 339 16.3 34.0 *Vt=(Pstp/Pt)x (Tt/Tstp) Vstp Range 20-30 560 106 P ave tank 17.9 T (R) 570 707 5524 11508

Air requirement= air /transfer efficiency Air requirement at Qp Compressor HP = [WRT/(550 n e) ][(P2/P1)**n-1] W (lb/sec) 14.42 Total n 0.283

E-10

F/M Ratio F (lb/d) = Sox Qx 8.34

So 165 MLVSS

Q 12 V 2.53

F (lbs/d) 16513 M 59155.7

M(lbs) = MLVSS V 8.34

2800

F/M ratio =

0.28

Typical range 0.2-0.4

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E-11

Organic Loading ( #BOD/d per 1000 cf aetation volume)

F ( lbs/d) V ( 1000 cf) F/V

16513 339 48.8 Typical range 50-120

Alternate I. Trickling Filter Es = 100/(1+0.0085 sqrt(W/VF)) V = W/F [(100/Es-1)/0.0085]^(-2) V = Volume in Acre-Ft W = BOD applied lbs/d

Es= BOD removal Efficiency Es=100*(So-Se)/So

F = (1+R)/(1 + 0.1 R)**2 R = Recirculaiton ratio Es Calculate V # filters Filter Dimensions 6 88 R 2.0 Depth (ft) 6 SF each 36423 F 2.08 W 16513 Diam ( ft) 215 V (AC-Ft) V ( cf) 30.10 1,311,216

Alternate II. RBC

See Text Figure 10-39

Hydraulic loading depends in soluble BOD in influent and total BOD in effluent. Influent total BOD Influent soluble BOD Effluent total BOD Hydraulic loading rate Calculate A required Check Organic Loading Each shaft provides No of shafts required No of shafts per train No.of shafts per train 165 mg/l 115.5 20 1.6 gpd/sf 7500000 SF 2.20 lbs/d per 1000 SF Typical range 2- 3.5 27 ft From Fig 10-39 , P. 634 Assume 70% soluble

140 MSF( average value) for shaft length 54 4 13.4

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F. Final Clar

Module F. Final Clarifier Qp Design Criteria at Qp at Q ave (MGD) 25 12 16667 SF SOR (gpd/sf) 1500 SL (#/d per sf) 50

Area required for clarification = Q/SOR =

Note: See P.588. Q excludes Qr becasue return sludge is drawn off the bottom, therefore, does not contibute to overflow rate. Area required for thickening = Total SS lbs/d / SL Qr/Q Total solids (lb/d) 0.39 Qp 25 (Q+Qr) peak MLSS 34.72 20271 Total SS 3500 1013541.7 Use the higher area for design

Area required for thickening (SF) =

d Detention time = A d / (Q+Qr) No. of circular tanks= Tank dimensions Each Tank A 5068 4 Dia 80 10

DT (h) ave 2.2

DT (h) pk 1.05

Module G. Gravity Thickener # tanks Design Criteria 2 SLR lbs/d/sf 10 SOR gpd/sf 800 Thicken S % solids 8%

Sludge Quantity SS in WW WAS ( From E-5) Total Sludge

SS(mg/l) 220

Q 12

SS (lbs/d) VSS/SS 22018 5768 27786 0.7 0.80

VSS(lbs/d) 15412 4615 20027

Total A Circular Tank Dimensions 2779 SS (lb/d) Volume of Thickend Sludge 27786

Each A 1389.2881 SG 1.01

Diam (ft) 42 Solid % 8% V (cf/d) 5511 Depth (ft/d) 2.0

Blanket(ft) Rmvl(ft/d) SVI Sludge Volume Ratio = V of sludge blanket/ V sludge removal Typical range of SVI is 0.5-20. If SVI > 20, Bulking sludge. 8 2.0 4.0

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CE 432 Waste water treatment plant design Gravity Thickener

Waste characteristics Design Flow MGD Ave Q 12 Peak Q 25 BOD 5 SS Total P
NH3-N as N

CFS 18.60 38.75

250 220 9 30

H. Ana Dig

Module H. Anaerobic Digester Design Criteria # Tank T digester oF 3 95 50 40 40 T slud in T earth T air DT days 15 VSS load lb VSS/d/cf 0.2

SS (lbs/d) Primary sludge Biosludge Total sludge 22018 5768 27786

VSS/SS 0.7 0.8 0

VSS(lbs/d) V (cf/d) 15412 4615 20027 5511

1 Tank Dimensions Volume required for hyd loading = Volume required for VSS loading= Digester Dimensions #Tank Each Tank 3 V (cf) each Depth(ft) 33378 30 A each 1113 Daim 38 82664 cf 100134 cf Use the higher value

2 Energy Production Assumptions 15 cf gas per lb solids destroued 600 BTU per cf gas 50% of VSS applied are destroyed TSS app #/d 27786 Fix SS #/d 7759 VSS appl #/d 20027 VSS destr #/d 10013 Gas prod cf/d 150201 E prod MBTU/d 90121

Digested Sludge Characteristics VSS 10013 FS 7759 TSS 17772 ( lbs/d)

3 Energy Requirements for Digester Heating (BTU/d) Total Heat Req( Ht) = Heat req to raise temp of sludge ( Hs) + Heat req to compensate for loss ( Hl) Hs = P ( #/d sludge dry solids) x ( 100/ps) ( Td-Ts) x (1/24 )x Cp ps=% solids P Cal Hs 27786 Cp = sp heat of sludge Td= temp of digester Ts = temp of sludge ps 8% Td 95 Ts 50 Cp 1 Hs (BTU/hr) 651229

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H. Ana Dig

Hl= C ( Coef of heat flow) x A ( contact area) x ( T d- To) Cal Hl Dry earth Air ( Cover) Air ( walls) Wet earth Total heat loss C 0.08 0.3 0.3 0.26 Td 95 95 95 95 To 40 40 40 A 3338 3338 10642

To is temp of outside Hl 14686 55074 175591

245351

Total Heat requirements ( BTU/h) = Hs + Hl =

896580

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I. Sludge Dewater

Module I Sludge Dewatering

Disgested Sludge TSS (lbs/d)

17772

Solid Loading Rate for filter drum Filter Drum Area (sf) =

4 #/hr per sf 185

Chemical Requirements Dose Lime Ferric Chloride 8% 2% lbs/d 1422 355

Volume of Sludge Cake

Total Weight of sludge cake = Solid content of sludge cake = SG of dry solids is assumed to be Calculate SG of sludge

19550 18% 2 1.18

Volume of sludge cake (cf/d)

1475

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