Customer: Bronx zoo Staff Animal: Grizzly bear Report by: Felicia Ferentinos

Grizzly Bear Report

The grizzly bear is an omnivore which means they will eat plants and other animals. Grizzly bears will eat anything that can fell up their bodies. Usually grizzly bears will eat small stuff like they will eat berries, grasses, roots, bulbs, tubers and big insects. The Grizzly bear will need to eat at lot of food during the summer and the fall. A grizzly bear needs to eat about 80 to 90 pounds (36 to 40kg) of food every day so that they can be prepared for the winter and for hibernation. Flowers and plants make up 75 percent of the bears diet. Bears need to get fat so that it can help the bear to get through the winter. Bears often fish for salmon and sometimes trout. A bear can eat up to twelve or more bigger fish in a afternoon. Sometimes bears will eat food that has been washed up on the beach. The wasted up food that bears eat are seaweed, crabs and maybe dead fish. When the bears are away from the water they usually hunt large mammals like moose, deer, elk and caribou these are the largest mammals that the grizzly bear that get hunt down for food. Bears can also eat carrion. A Grizzly bear will eat a whole variety of food like they will eat fruit, berries, bulbs, tubers and nuts they can also eat insects and grubs. They can sometimes eat honey, fish, rodents and lizards. They can also eat nuts to. The plants that bears eat are roots, sprouts and fungi. Bears usually eat small mammals and insects it depends what time of the year and the location that it is in. The grizzly bear can also eat a mountain goat sometimes they will even kill a black bear. Grizzly bears favorite food is salmon and they can be seen with other grizzlies around in the same area where the salmon is spawn. The grizzly bear does not just eat the same fish they will also eat trout and bass to. The grizzly bear can grow much bigger then there herbivorous cousins are. Some people think that bears only eat meat but that is not true because they eat plants and other animals this means they are an omnivore. The bears

diet depends on what type of food does it want. Sometimes they will graze on grass, fruit, berries and nuts. Sometimes they can dig up plant roots that they usually find with bees and honey in a beehive. Grizzly bears are amazing hunters when they are searching for insects they can turn over rocks and logs to get them. The small mammals that they eat are mice and squirrels. The grizzlies that live near water they often eat fish. Bears can also take down a bison. They can even eat on dead animals to. They usually fresh on decaying flesh of carrion. When the grizzly bear thinks of food they always think of their favorite fish salmon. The bears that live in Alaska and Russia they will flock to the rivers that is being used by the salmon swimming they do this to push the salmon to the surface of the water. They do this in every summer and in the fall this is the time when they get ready for hibernation. They fell up their bellies to prepare them for the long deep sleep. They will start to get ready for hibernation during the fall. It has to stock up to 4 to 7 months when they live off the stored body fat. A grizzly bear will eat 90 pounds (40 kilograms) of food every day. The grizzlys diet chances when the seasons chance. Like in the spring a grizzly can eat about 25 to 35 pounds (11 to 1b kilograms) of food every day during the spring. When it is summer or the fall comes this is when they start to get prepared for the winter. A grizzly may eat about 100 pounds (45 kilograms) of food every day. They may gain up to 400 pounds (181kilograms). Sometimes a grizzly will stand close to a river bank then they will flip the salmon out of the water then the fish will go on the dry land by using their paws. Sometimes the grizzly will wait and sit really quietly on a rock that is near deep water. When they sit on a rock then they will wait for the salmon to swim past them. Then the bear will dive in then they will pin the fish to the river bed. These are some of the tracks that bears use to catch a fish. The ranges that the grizzly bear lives on are North America, Europe and in Asia. The brown bears that live on North America they live on Alaska, Idaho, Montana, Washington and in Wyoming. There are about 40,000 bears that are living on Alaska. Grizzly bears also live in Canada. The

locations that the grizzly bear lives on are Alberta, British Columbia. The bears that live in the North West places they live on Yukon. They have also been seen on Chihuahua which is located in Mexico. The live on the north west of North America. They can also live on the north of Asia and in Europe. They can be found on the Atlas Mountains of northwest Africa and they can also live in the Middle East to. The brown bears habitats are in temperate and coniferous forest. They can also be found on the open fields. They can live on the mountain highlands and in tundra. There are 1,000 bears that live on Montana. There are 300 bears that live in Wyoming and there are less bears that live in Washington and in Idaho there are about 50 bears that live on these places. There are about 25,000 brown bears that live in Canada, The habitats that bears live on are mountain areas and on forests. They can also be found near a river valley and on meadows. They also live on Prairies to. There are also 600 and 800 bears that are living in Montana, Washington, Wyoming and on Idaho. There are also 40,000 and 50,000 bears that live up in the mountain, in forests and in Prairies that are located on Alaska and in Canada. Brown bears also live in the Northern Hemisphere. They can also be found on some islands of Kodiak. The big brown bears live in cold mountain forests and on river valleys. They can also be found on California, Ohio and on the Great Plains. But grizzly bears do not live in California anymore. They do live in the Western of the United States and on Southern Alaska. Their habitats are also Diverse and on grasslands. They can also be found on West Canada. They can even live on tundra. There are about 800 and 900 grizzlies that are living on Rocky Mountains and they also live in Colorado. A brown bear can grow about 9 feet (2.7m) long 425 pounds (192.8kg). The average weight of a brown bear is 700 pounds (318 kilograms); the average weight of a female is 350 pounds (159 kilograms). Grizzly bears can grow about 7 feet (2.1m) long and they can weight about 1,500 pounds (680kg). Lots of Grizzly bears can weigh about 350 through 700 pounds (158 to 317 kg). Some Grizzles can grow about 7 to 10 feet (2.1 to 3.1m) this is the size when they are

standing up. A male grizzly bear are 40 percent bigger then the females. A length of a grizzly bear is 6 to 8 feet (1.8 to 2.4 meters) long. Their height is 3 to 5 feet (.9 to 1.5 meters) to the shoulders. They can sometimes grow about 6 to 10 feet (1.8 to 3 meters). This is how big they are when they are standing up. A male grizzly bear will weigh about 350 and 700 pounds (159 and 318 kilograms). The weight of the female is 250 and 350 pounds (113 to 159 kilograms). The height of a grizzly bear is 3 to 3 feet at the shoulders. Their length is 6 to 7 feet. An adult male grizzly can weight about 300 to 850lbs and the weight of the females is 200 and 450lbs. The body length of a grizzly bear is 6 to 9.8 feet (1.8 to 3 meters). The height of their shoulders is 3 to 4 feet (0.9 to 1.2 meters) to the shoulder. A male grizzly bear can also weight about 330 to 1.500 pounds. (150 to 680 kilograms). The female can weight about 215 to 660 pounds (97 to 300 kilograms). A brown bears normal size is 5 to 8ft (1.5 to 2.5m). Their weight is 800lbs (363kg). When the male brown bear is standing on its high legs its height can be as tall as 3 meters tall. The brown bear can also grow about 6-7 feet long. 3-3 feet long high to the shoulders. 300- 1,720 pounds. The average height of an adult grizzly bear is 3 to 5 feet (90 to 150 centimeters) wide when the bear is on all four legs. When they are standing they can measure to 6 to 10 feet (180 to 300 centimeters tall. An adult grizzly bear can weigh 600 pounds (270 kilograms). Some grizzly bears can weight about 1,400 pounds when the bear is standing on its high legs it can reach about seven feet (two meters) long. The brown bears front claws can grow for 4, 75 inches (12 cm) that this is as big as rear claws. A grizzly bear can live for 25 years in the wild. When it is in a zoo it can live about 40 years. The grizzly bear can live for 20 to 25 years. The grizzly bear can live for 16 to 18 years as well. The average life span for a grizzly bear is 25 years. When the summer is over then the grizzly bears become very fat. They will also drink a lot of water. When it is the time for hibernation this is when the bear moves into a cave or a hollow log so that they can move in. this is called a den. The bear must always have a den during the winter because so that they can be safe

from the cold weather. When winter comes then the bear goes into a long deep sleep. They will continue to sleep until spring comes then the bear will start to wake up. When spring comes they will start to yawn, stretch and limp out of their dens. When they wake up they will weigh a half as mush as they were in the fall. Females will start to give birth when spring is here. The bears will be hungry when they wake up and they will need a lot of water. So this means that they will go back to hunting for food. The grizzly bears will start to lose weigh for a few months until summer comes back and food is once again plentiful. The brown bears can even weigh right before hibernation then they do when they are done with their winter sleep. Grizzly bears can hibernate when the weather is cold. During this time they will start to look for a den to live in. Some bears can usually choose their own den. Some other bears usually dig a den that can be under trees or in hillsides. That is in the cold climates. Grizzly bears will start to hibernate in October to April or sometimes in May. When the bear is in hibernation then it will not eat or drink during this time. During hibernation time the grizzly bear will may build up 6 to 10 inches (5 to 25 centimeters) of fat that is under their hides. In hibernation the grizzly bears body temperature will start to drop down to 10 degrees Fahrenheit (5 degrees Celsius). The bears heart rate can also drop down to 40 beats a minute to 8 beats in a minute. The brown bear has a very big hump of muscle that is located on the top of their shoulders and on the claws that happen to be very big. Their long claws are helpful for digging. These claws make the bears very powerful diggers. They usually dig up large cozy dens to make good homes when winter comes. The bears will begin in this sleep for 4 to 6 months in a year. That can take the bears one-third and one-half of their lifetime. This long sleep is called hibernation but this is a real different hibernation for the brown bears because their body temperature does not drop drastically. Any way their heart rate will start to slow down to 70 beats in per minute in only 10 beats in per minute. The bears metabolism will start to go down very slow so now during this time they can not urinate or defecate in all winter long.

Hibernation will allow the bears to stay alive for a very long time when there is less or even no food that are available for them. The bears that are usually found on warmer areas they spend less of their time curling inside their dens than the species That live in very long winter areas. Before grizzly bears go into a false hibernation they would have to gain hundred kilograms of fat. Grizzly bears will start to hibernate when winter comes. They usually hibernate for 5 or 8 months. They can dig dens that are on north -facing slopes tonsure the good snow cover. A brown bear can live about 47 years in a zoo. Brown bears can also eat about 35 pounds of food in one day. Brown bears can store their carrion that they sometimes find and they can cover it with grass or moss. Moss is a kind of chemical that can kill a fungi and bacteria and will act as preservative for the meat that the bears sometimes eat. The male grizzly bear is called a boar and the females are called sows. Bears are very small animals they can learn things really fast. They are very curious and they have very good memory. Some people think that it is a myth but it is not because people say that grizzly bears do not have good senses of sight because they have small eyes. But bears really do have very good eyesight because they can tell the difference between colors of objects. Their eyes can really help them when it gets dark out. They can see moving objects and they can see things that can be seen far away. They can stand on their high legs to see things that are farther away. Bears can both see and hear very well. Bears can stand on their high legs they do not do this as a threat they do this because they are curious and they are trying to a get a good view of their surroundings. The most important sense for a bear is their sense of smell. Their smell can allow them to look for a mate, to avoid humans and to find their cubs. They can also use their sense of smell to gather food. Experiments have proven that bears can smell over three miles away when they are looking for food. Bears are also known to detect a human sent that was 14 hours after a person that has been passed on the trail. When the other animals are still in hibernation. Grizzly bears usually wake up easily when they

are disturbed. They are very light sleepers. Grizzly bears can run really fast they can run about 35 miles per hour. A grizzly bear can challenge a pack of hungry wolves for the animal that the wolves just killed. It is like playing a game of cat and mouse. Wolves can attempt a belt and they will thwart a much bigger predator. Grizzly bears do not like when their ears get wet. Grizzly bears are solitary animals which mean that they live alone and they do not live in a family or in a group. Grizzlies always try to stay away from each other. Sometimes when they see another bear they will growl and try to scar the other bear away. Grizzly bears will sometimes try to avoid humans. Their hearing, eyesight and their sense of smell are so amazing that they use their powerful and strong senses to stay away from humans. Humans and grizzly bears sometimes do meet by accident. A hungry bear can sometimes enter into a camp site to look for food. They can open boxes; they can also knock down a tent over. They may sometimes crush cans and packages when they are looking for food. Campers should never let a grizzly bear find their food because the grizzly bear will come back to the camp site to look for more food. Then grizzlies maybe killed from the food that they ate. When a female bear attacks a camper it might mean think that it could be a threat for her cubs. Even campers that work in parks and in reserves are easily killed or hunt by grizzly bear. Scientists do believe that grizzly bears can see much better then humans do. Scientists also believe that they can see forms, movements and colors. Grizzly bears can see really will when it is night time. The sense that bears have are their smell is really good. They can smell carrion in 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) away. Their hearing is also amazing because they can hear soft sounds like a twig snapping that can be heard over 200 yards (183 meters) away. This can help them to know if prey is somewhere nearby. Scientists believe that bears can hear sounds that people can't hear these sounds can be highpitched sounds. Humans can't hear these sounds. A female grizzly bear will not be ready to mate until she is 5 years old. Grizzly bears will start to mate in June or in July. The female will start to give birth in the early next year then the mother

will start to make a den. A female grizzly will give birth to only one or two little cubs. Some females can also have 3 or even 4 cubs at a time. A grizzly bear will weigh about 10 ounces (280 grams) a pound and they can weigh about (450) a pound. When it is the time for the cubs to come out of their mother's womb. The moment that they are out of their mother then the cubs eyes will be closed and they will be helpless the moment that they are born. They kind a look like that they are naked. But they are not naked they are just wearing a coat to keep them warm. This coat has very fine hair. The cubs will not be ready to leave their den until they have thick coats of fur and their eyes have to open. The mother's milk is really rich and fat so that the cubs can grow faster. The cubs will only stay with their mother for 2 or 3 years. A female grizzly usually has their cubs in every 3 years they will not give birth in 3 years when they are in places that have a climate that was especially harsh. Grizzly cubs are so full of energy. They love to play and have fun. The stuff that they enjoy doing is sliding down snow banks and rough-housing with their bothers and sisters. The cubs can also push and roll around. They can also fight with each other by biting the other cubs' neck. These things can teach them how to fight and to teach them their hunting skills for them to help with their survive when they turn into adults. If a female only has one cub then the mother will play with her cub more often. A female will be pregnant for 8 months. Cubs are usually born during January and in February when the mother is resting in her den. Grizzly bear cubs can be very small and they can weigh about 8.5 and 11.5 ounces (240 to 330 kg). They can be blind, bald and they can be helpless the moment that they are born. When they reach 5 weeks old they will start to learn how to walk. The grizzlies gestation period is 6 to 8 months this also includes a 5 month delayed implantation period. A mother grizzly bear can have 1 or 4 cubs but they usually have 2 cubs. A newborn grizzly cub is 16 to 25 ounces (424 to 709 grams). The weigh of a newborn grizzly bear is 1 pound (0.45kg). They are like the same size of a rat. The grizzly bear can mate in the early may or in between mid-July. The gestation

period is also 180 to 270 days this also includes delayed implantation. A newborn cub can be produced through a loud continuous humming this sound can happen when the cub is nursing. This can help the stimulate from their mother's milk production. This sound can be so loud that it can be heard outside of the den. When spring comes then the cubs will be ready to leave the den and explore the outside world. The first spring can be very hard for a grizzly bear cub because they could get killed by eagles, bobcats and mountain lions. Bear cubs can weigh about 55 to 65 pounds (25 to 30 kg). Grizzly cubs will spend a lot of time with their mother only for two winters in the den with her cubs. Cubs have lots of predators that can kill a cub like a pack of wolves, a adult male bear and even their own father can even kill them. They are also in danger when they are separated from their mother. The females are totally protective when it comes to their cubs. The mother does not wake up when her blind and hairless cub are born in a midwinter. A size of a newborn cub is like a size of a chipmunk. They can be strong enough to crawl into a position that it wants to settle so that it can nurse. Grizzly bears share their land with elk, moose, cougars, grey wolves, black bears, coyotes and the Dalls sheep. Female grizzly bears will usually give birth during hibernation when it is January or in February. The newborn can usually weigh a pound. They will remain in the den until spring comes. When they reach 20 pounds that is how long that they can remain in the den. They will stay with their mother in less then two years or even more. Grizzly bears usually live by themselves unless they are mating which can take place in June or in July. By the time January or March then females will start to give birth as many as four cubs. The mother will teach them how to hunt and how to take care of themselves. The mothers, main job is to protect her cubs from predators like wolves and cougars. Mothers can be extremely wary with other animals Grizzly bear mothers will keep her cubs in a quiet place until the cubs are old enough to take care of themselves. Grizzly bear cubs can usually generally venture away from their mother so that they can start their lives on

their own. The mother grizzly bear can be extremely protective with their offspring she will attack any animal that she thinks that it can be a threat to her cubs. When the mother is sleeping then the cubs will nestle up against her so that they can stay warm and to get milk. When spring comes then the cubs will be able to follow their mother outside of their den. When a female wakes up from hibernation it often means that she had found her new cubs that were born when she was sleeping. Most often grizzlies have cubs that can be twins. In three months the cubs can be extremely helpless when they are born. They will survive the first years of their lives nursing inside the den. The cubs will be ready to leave the den when spring comes. The cubs will stay with their mother for seven months. They will not stop nursing until fall comes. Some cubs can nurse through the next winter. They will learn how to survive on their own when the first year of spring and summer comes. When they reach this part of their lifes this is when they are doing their school time. The mother will teach her young her territory and how to hunt. They will also learn what type of animals to be scared of and the animals that they should eat. They will learn more then how to hunt. The cubs will spend a lot of time running, playing and to learn how to climb a tree. The cubs will stay with their mother until they reach 3 years old. When that time comes then the cubs will start to survive on their own. Some cubs will stay with their mother for two years before they are separate it from each other. When they are not living with their mother any more then the cubs will start to find their own territory and they will be able to start their life as adults. Grizzly bears will start to mate when they are 7 years old. The female grizzly bear will be pregnant for 180 to 266 days. Brown bears were once lived in the northern Hemisphere because people have killed them to make meat and for medicinal uses and without fear. Their habitats are beginning to shrink considerably. Some people believe that the bears organs can be a cure for sicknesses. People are also saling the bears gallbladder. They are being high prized in the markets that are in Asia and they can also fetch high priced. The government in Alaska used to kill the

brown bear for ranchers. The government in Alaska will kill the brown bear because they were killing livestock. The species of the brown bear is not currently endangered but they are being threatened but if the human population keeps on growing then their will be no space for the wild grizzly bears. Grizzly bears are very powerful animals no animal will never get the chance to take down a grizzly bear. Some predators might kill a brown bear cub like wolves will kill a cub. But the grizzlies worst enemy is humans because they are destroying their homes this is called loss of habitats. In the year of 1800s settlers that moved in the west that was in big numbers. Lots of people have killed the grizzly bear because so that they can protect the of 1800s settlers that moved in the west that was in big numbers. People are cutting their homes so that they can make more room for towns and there is farm land where the gizzly bears live in. This is causing the bear to loss its habitat and it is really hard for the grizzly bear to look for food. Lots of people have killed the grizzly bear because so that they cab protect their livestock. Sometimes people had mistaken the grizzly bear for a black bear. People have killed them because people have feared them. Some people kill the grizzly bear for sport this means for fun. People called the brown bear a grizzly bear because of its tips of hair but must of them have grayish or grizzled hair that is why people call the brown bear a grizzly bear. Today it is against the law for anyone to kill a grizzly bear but it is not illegal to kill a black bear. Scientist are beginning to worry about the number of the grizzly bears in the wild. Right now Grizzly bears are starting to breed vey slowly now. A female may have to give birth to only three or four years. Predators are killing 40 percent of grizzly bear cubs. Grizzly bears are dying out fast right before they can replace themselves but there are people around the world that are working on protecting the grizzly bear. Seven national organizations are teaching people about grizzly bears. These people tell other people about the dangers that the grizzly bear faces. These people will also help people how to avoid bear attacks with these efforts these bears sure to continue on their survive in the world.

People have been challenged to find good space with grizzly bears. People also help by visiting Alaska by seeing a brown bear the in wild. That is what I know about grizzly bears.