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Differentiated Instruction Aligned to the ELA Common Core Standards
ASCD March, 2013
Presented by Kathy Glass

www.kathyglassconsulting.com kathytglass@yahoo.com 1
AGENDA
What does the CCSS include about differentiation? What is differentiation? What are meaningful ways to differentiate? What can be differentiated in a unit of study?
What are differentiated assessment examples aligned to targeted CCSS?

Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com
What does the Common Core include about differentiation?

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Educators and states can determine how goals of standards should be reached. Teachers use their professional judgment and experience to meet CCSS goals. CCSS doesnt define intervention methods or materials to support those well below or above grade-level expectations.
Instruction should be differentiated when meeting standards for foundational skills.

With regard to complex text
All students should have extensive opportunities to engage with grade-level text. Provide scaffolding, as needed, but also gradually remove supports. Beware of too much scaffolding. Instructional materials should offer advanced texts to provide opportunity to read beyond current grade levels.
What is differentiation?
What are meaningful ways to differentiate?

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Differentiated Instruction is consistently using a variety of instructional approaches to modify content (what students need to learn)
process (how they will learn it) and/or products (how they will show what they have learned) in response to readiness, learning style, and interest of academically diverse students.
Source: from The Differentiated Classroom: Responding to the Needs of All Learners by Carol Tomlinson
Examples of differentiation by
readiness interest learning profile

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Choose a project and incorporate textual evidence.

Write an article about how the historical setting positively and negatively influenced individual(s). Use the inverted triangle format. Lead a class discussion focusing on how two key individuals were each influenced by the historical setting. Prepare questions to facilitate discussion. Make up analogies to compare how two key individuals were influenced by historical settings. Use prose or poetry format.
Create a visually appealing and factually accurate PowerPoint or photo album to show the positive and negative influences of the historical setting on individuals or groups. Write and perform a play based on how individuals or groups were positively and negatively influenced by the historical setting. Use props and costumes.
Design a visually appealing and factually accurate poster, bulletin board, or mural showing how the historical setting positively and negatively impacted individuals or groups. Teach two others about how the historical setting was an influential factor in how individuals behaved. Provide proof of student learning.
Give a presentation with musical accompaniment to express the influence of the historical setting on individuals or groups. Create a musical collage to depict the influence of the historical setting on individuals or groups.
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ANCIENT ROME
Choose a topic to research for a project youll present to the class. Address the guiding questions through a(n) interview, technology, poem, music lyrics, or art with writing.
Kathy Glass www.kathyglassconsulting.com
DAILY LIFE: How does the social structure of a society affect citizens lives? GOVERNMENT: How do the government systems of one society impact others? ROMAN ARTS: How do artistic and literary innovations influence societies? EXPANSION: How does expansion impact other cultures? INDIVIDUALS: How can groups of people form movements to drive societal change? How do individuals generate change? RELIGION: How does religion influence society?
Choose a historical figure to research. Then write a short biography to share with the class that addresses this guiding question: Why is this individual a hero? How is his/her heroism linked to freedom?
Anne Hutchinson Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson Abraham Lincoln
Frederick Douglass Harriet Tubman Martin Luther King, Jr.

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Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com www.kathyglassconsultling.com kathytglass@yahoo.com
Read the information from your assigned website and answer these questions:
How can I evaluate and decide which credible sources to use for my research task? 1. How can I verify this information? 2. How might the tone or style of writing reflect credibility?
3. How can I recognize bias?

4. Why does the author write this information?
Kathy Glass www.kathyglassconsulting.com with Google Inc.
What can be differentiated in a unit of study?
13
From Mapping Comprehensive Units to the ELA Common Core Standards by Kathy Glass
What is differentiated in a unit of study?
NOT to be differentiated: Standards Essential understandings Essential unit guiding questions Skills
CAN BE differentiated: Resources Teaching Strategies Learning Activities Assessments
www.kathyglassconsultling.com kathytglass@yahoo.com
How can differentiation be used effectively to support unit goals?

16
Standard
Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence. (W.CCR.1)
Essential Essential Unit Understanding Guiding Question Introductions provide context for an argument and give writers an opportunity to make a favorable impression on readers. How can I draw in readers and clearly stake a claim?
Lesson Guiding Questions
What is a debatable topic or issue I can use as the basis for my argument? What claim can I make? How can I write a thesis statement to stake a claim? Where should I include my thesis in my introduction? What strategies can I use to begin my argument so I get my readers attention?
Mapping Comprehensive Units to the ELA Common Core Standards by Kathy Glass (Corwin Press)
Standard
Essential Understanding
Use words, phrases, and clauses to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among claim(s), reasons, and evidence. (W.7.1c) Essential Unit Lesson Guiding Guiding Questions Question

To assist readers in How do following a transitions coherent argument, help readers? writers use transitions to form logical connections among ideas and clarify relationships among sections.
Why do writers use transitions? What transitions can I use to create cohesion within my paragraphs? What transitions can I use to clarify relationships between sections of my argument?
Mapping Comprehensive Units to the ELA Common Core Standards by Kathy Glass (Corwin Press)
History: A Story Well Told

1. How does the historical setting affect the plot? 2. How do characters change throughout time? 3. How does the theme of conflict present itself in the plot and setting? 4. How do characters address and resolve conflicts?
What are differentiated assessment examples aligned to targeted ELA CC Standards?

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Some ways to differentiate by

Content

Process

Product

Choice of books Jigsaw Organizing ideas through graphic organizers Learning contracts Multiple texts Reciprocal Teaching Tape-recorded materials
Anchor activities Cubing Dialectical journals Exit cards Games Grouping choice Homework options Jigsaw Interest groups Literature circles Mini-workshops (reteach or extend) RAFT Tiered activities, assignments Varied graphic organizers
Graduated rubrics Community mentorships Complex instruction Independent Study Interest options Multiple intelligence options Tic-Tac-Toe Tiered assessments
according to readiness, interest, learning profile.

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L.CCR.6: Acquire and use accurately a range of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases sufficient for reading, writing, speaking and listening at the college and career readiness level.*
EXAMPLE: What does this word mean? How can I use it to communicate?
*abbreviated
Three Tiers of Words

Tier Tier
One: everyday speech
Two: general academic words Three: domain-specific words
Tier
Tier Two words

(general academic words) likely to appear in written texts appear in all sorts of texts: informational texts, technical texts, and literary texts
can be interpreted differently based on the context

Appendix A, p. 33, adapted
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(CCSS Appendix A, p. 33)
Volcanoes excerpt
In early times, no one knew how volcanoes formed or why they spouted red-hot molten rock. In modern times, scientists began to study volcanoes. They still dont know all the answers, but they know much about how a volcano works. Our planet made up of many layers of rock. The top layers of solid rock are called the crust. Deep beneath the crust is the mantle, where it is so hot that some rock melts. The melted, or molten, rock is called magma.
Draw a graphic organizer with 4 squares and a center spot (see example on next slide). Label each
square in small print:

def (for definition) sym/pic (for symbol or picture) sent (for sentence) ex/sit (for examples or situations)
Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com Kathy Glass www.kathyglassconsulting.com
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def.
sym./pic.
sent.
ex.
Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com Lesson Design for Differentiated Instruction by Kathy Glass, pg. 119
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Write one of these Tier 2 words in the center of your graphic organizer:

Determine Obstacle Layer Admission Relative Vary Formulate Specificity Accumulate
Calibrate Itemize Periphery Misfortune Dignified Faltered Unabashed Spouted Eruption
www.kathyglassconsultling.com
Find 4 SEPARATE people who are sitting near you who can fill in your squares. That means one person will complete 1 square, a 2nd person a different square, and so on.
When you have a completed graphic organizer, look up.
Review your graphic organizer with a partner. Edit the work others contributed to your squares.
If all 4 squares are correct, place a at the top. If some are wrong, work with your partner or use resources to correct them.
Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com 31
L. CCR.3: Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening. W.CCR.9: Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, or research.
EXAMPLE 1: Using evidence from the text, what words can depict this character or topic?
What others say about ____
What _____ does
character or historical figure: ___________

What _____ thinks and feels What _____ says
Personality trait: ___________________________

www.kathyglassconsultling.com
CINDERELLA shy caring victim hated cruel daughter demanding ugly sacrificing gentle humbled monster determined mother
STEPMOTHER Kathy Glass

kathytglass@yahoo.com
See website: 35 www.kathyglassconsulting.com
Diamante Poem
Line 1: write ONE TOPIC (character, historical figure, concept); skip to line 7 and write an opposite topic Line 2: write two ADJECTIVES describing character/topic in Line 1 Line 3: write three PARTICIPLES (verb form ending with ed or ing) relating to character/topic in Line 1 Line 4: write four NOUNS; the first two nouns will relate to Line 1; the last two nouns will relate to Line 7 Line 5: write three PARTICIPLES relating to character/topic in Line 7 Line 6: write two ADJECTIVES describing the character/topic in Line 7
Line 7: OPPOSITE TOPIC of Line 1

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BEOWULF courageous celebrated hero exiled diabolical GRENDEL warrior condemned heinous reckless victimized monster resented ambiguous
sacrificing
37 Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com
SUBURB serene frolicking uniformity neighborhood bustling energizing caring friendly
inviting
sophistication exciting marketplace
fast-paced
CITY
cultural
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What are other opposites?

bullies non-bullies Gen. Robert E. Lee Gen. Ulysses S. Grant
Charles I Parliament
One culture different culture Capulets Montagues
Magna Carta Bill of Rights

Fiction nonfiction Angiosperms gymnosperms
Protons electrons
Native Americans Settlers Democracy Communism
SYSTEM: noun
The digestive system makes it possible for the body to break down and absorb food.
The teacher pointedly told the disruptive student who had an outburst during class, Have you finished your tantrum? Now that its out of your system, lets focus on learning.
The solar systemwhich was formed 4.6 billion years agois comprised of the Sun, eight planets and their moons, and other non-stellar objects. What are other usages for system? ecosystemorganizational systempoint system classification systemcentral nervous system
IGNITE: verb
Pockets of methane gas ignited resulting in a fiery blast that caused people to run for their lives. The passions of Patriots and Loyalists ignited pitting one group against the other which ultimately led to war.
Use the Think-Pair-Share to arrive at other sentences using this word.

www.kathyglassconsulting.com kathytglass@yahoo.com
Process it
How might you differentiate these activities and use them for students, staff, or colleagues?
4-SQUARE, DIAMANTE, WORD CONTEXT
R.CCR.1: Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.
EXAMPLE 2: What do I learn from the text? How can I support this?
politically?
socially?
How did the French Revolution impact _________________

economically?
44
Group #1: _______________
Group #2: _____________
How are various groups affected economically and culturally by immigration?

Group #3: _____________
45
Role
Audience
Format
Topic
RAFT
(What role should the student assume? From whose point of view is the piece written?)
(Who will read, see, or use this?)
(What is the most effective and meaningful product format to show understand -ing?)
(What is the topic focus for the product?)
From Lesson Design for Differentiated Instruction by Kathy Glass
46
What was daily life like in Medieval society?

Role
lord or lady
Audience
monarch
Format
Topic
persuasive letter describe anger towards the rise of charters that allowed the peasants to no longer be ruled by them
advertisement with illustrations and list prayer journal entry persuade traders to purchase goods
merchant
trader from the East
clergy beggar
God self
how they serve the townspeople use imagery to describe their life on the streets
From Lesson Design for Differentiated Instruction by Kathy Glass Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com
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How do authors develop characters?

ROLE AUDIENCE FORMAT TOPIC
Protagonist
Antagonist
Dialogue
Explain how their interaction affects the plot Self-reflection about personal traits and its impact on other characters
Protagonist OR Antagonist
Himself/ herself
Personal journal entries
Character
Literary device
Thank you letter

Article in a literary magazine
How the literary device enhances character development

How characters in the two works share similarities or ways they might naturally interact
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Author of a literary work
Author of another literary work
See website: www.kathyglassconsulting.com

Kathy Glasswww.kathyglassconsulting.com kathytglass@yahoo.com See website:
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How do writers support their positions?

Role
Allied or Axis Power
Audience
Format Topic
people with an opposing viewpoint

propaganda or editorial piece for a newspaper You need to convince those with opposing views that your position is valid and one they ought to adopt.
The Writing Task: Write both reasons and evidence based on researched facts, examples, and data to support your position. Use multiple, credible sources. Reference the evidence you use so the reader is aware that you can solidly defend your position. Your response should be at least two typed double-spaced pages in 12 point Times Roman or Arial font.
DIE/CUBE PROMPT EXAMPLE

What is the author s purpose in writing? Orally summarize the whole text or part of it.
Responses must include evidence from the text.
Interpret a part of the text that might confuse others.
Compare and contrast two characters or individuals in the text.
Invent meaningful dialogue between two characters or individuals.
How would the text change if written from a different point of view?
From Mapping Comprehensive Units to the ELA Common Core by Kathy Glass
Your responses must include evidence from the text.
From Mapping Comprehensive Units to the ELA Common Core by Kathy Glass
Use evidence from the text to support your answers.
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Mapping Comprehensive Units to the ELA Common Core Standards by Kathy Glass, page 150
Process it Talk to a partner or type several questions with the dice prompts: How can? for the Topic: ELA Common Core
R.CCR.3 Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text.
How and why do characters or individuals change over time?
How and why do characters or individuals change?

Task Card #1 Task Card #2 Task Card #3
Create a timeline that shows how a character or individual has changed from beginning to end.
Design a poster with pictures and captions that focuses on what others say about the character or individual that illustrates change.
www.kathyglassconsulting.com
Develop a graphic organizer that shows the causes and effects of a character s or individuals actions.
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How and why do characters or individuals change?

Task Card #4 Task Card #5 Task Card #6
Draw a picture of a character or individual that shows how s/he changes. Write a paragraph that uses imagery to describe what s/he looks like.
Write and conduct an interview with the character or individual that highlights changes over time in his/her point of view. Use costumes and props.
www.kathyglassconsulting.com
Create and present a PowerPoint presentation that addresses the guiding question.
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SOCIETAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Directions: Select an individual who has made a
significant contribution to society. Choose a project to highlight this individual and the impact he or she has made. Respond to these guiding questions in your project: Why did you make this contribution? How has your contribution impacted individuals and society then and now? How have others hindered or supported you in your achievements? How have you overcome obstacles?
From Mapping Comprehensive Units to the ELA Common Core by Kathy Glass (Corwin Press)
Assume the role of your selected individual. Determine an audience who would benefit from hearing a speech from you. Write and deliver the speech from his/her point of view that addresses the guiding questions. Deliver the speech to the class live or pre-taped as if you were this person. Use costumes and props. Submit the typed speech. Conduct an interview by assuming the role of your chosen person. Focus on the contribution(s) s/he has made and responses to the guiding questions. Or, conduct an interview between the person who has made the contribution(s) and another who is impacted by it. Present the interview live or pre-taped. Use costumes and props. Submit typed questions and well-developed answers.
Create a series of illustrations that feature this individual and the contribution(s) s/he has made. Present these pictures in chronological or thematic order. Write a detailed caption for each drawing. Illustrations and captions must address all guiding questions. Write prose or poetry using these line starters based on your selected individuals contribution and responses to the guiding questions. Create an original title: I wish that I see that I realize that I feel that I decide that I believe that I wonder about
From Mapping Comprehensive Units to the ELA Common Core by Kathy Glass (Corwin Press)
Process it
How might you differentiate these strategies and use them for students, staff, or colleagues?
RAFT, CUBING, MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
Kathy Glass, Glass Educational Consulting 469 Eleanor Drive Woodside, CA 94062 Phone: 650-366-8122 E-mail: kathy@kathyglassconsulting.com Website: www.kathyglassconsulting.com Website:
Downloadable resources: lessons, templates, PPts, Common Core Standards (Word), etc. Join PD 360 group for periodic tips Archived webinars
Information about my topics and books

Information about online 4-credit class: Mapping and Designing Comprehensive Units to the ELA Common Core Standards (Dominican University)
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If you want to feel safe and secure, continue to do what you have always done. If you want to grow, go to the cutting edge of our profession. Just know that when you do, there will be a temporary loss of sanity. So know when you dont quite know what you are doing, you are probably growing.
- Madeline Hunter
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Differentiated Instruction Aligned to the ELA Common Core Standards

ASCD March, 2013

Presented by Kathy Glass

What are differentiated assessment examples aligned to targeted CCSS?

What does the Common Core include about differentiation?

Instruction should be differentiated when meeting standards for foundational skills.

With regard to complex text

What are meaningful ways to differentiate?

readiness interest learning profile

Choose a project and incorporate textual evidence.

Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com

Anne Hutchinson Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson Abraham Lincoln

Frederick Douglass Harriet Tubman Martin Luther King, Jr.

Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com www.kathyglassconsultling.com kathytglass@yahoo.com

3. How can I recognize bias?

Kathy Glass www.kathyglassconsulting.com with Google Inc.

What can be differentiated in a unit of study?

What is differentiated in a unit of study?

CAN BE differentiated: Resources Teaching Strategies Learning Activities Assessments

How can differentiation be used effectively to support unit goals?

Lesson Guiding Questions

History: A Story Well Told

What are differentiated assessment examples aligned to targeted ELA CC Standards?

Some ways to differentiate by

according to readiness, interest, learning profile.

Three Tiers of Words

One: everyday speech

Two: general academic words Three: domain-specific words

Tier Two words

can be interpreted differently based on the context

(CCSS Appendix A, p. 33)

square in small print:

Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com Kathy Glass www.kathyglassconsulting.com

Determine Obstacle Layer Admission Relative Vary Formulate Specificity Accumulate

Calibrate Itemize Periphery Misfortune Dignified Faltered Unabashed Spouted Eruption

When you have a completed graphic organizer, look up.

Kathy Glass www.kathyglassconsulting.com

What others say about ____

What _____ does

character or historical figure: ___________

Personality trait: ___________________________

STEPMOTHER Kathy Glass

See website: 35 www.kathyglassconsulting.com

Line 7: OPPOSITE TOPIC of Line 1

Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com

37 Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com

SUBURB serene frolicking uniformity neighborhood bustling energizing caring friendly

Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com

What are other opposites?

bullies non-bullies Gen. Robert E. Lee Gen. Ulysses S. Grant

Magna Carta Bill of Rights

Use the Think-Pair-Share to arrive at other sentences using this word.

4-SQUARE, DIAMANTE, WORD CONTEXT

How did the French Revolution impact _________________

Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com

Group #1: _______________

Group #2: _____________

How are various groups affected economically and culturally by immigration?

Kathy Glass kathytglass@yahoo.com

(Who will read, see, or use this?)

(What is the topic focus for the product?)

From Lesson Design for Differentiated Instruction by Kathy Glass

What was daily life like in Medieval society?

trader from the East