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Robert L. Ash

Name and Place of Birth Robert L. Ash Holton, Kansas Married to Mary Lewis Webb Ash Academic Rank Professor, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Degrees Held: B.S.M.E. Kansas State Univ., 1963 M.S. Tulane University 1966 Ph.D. Tulane University 1968 Registered Professional Engineer Commonwealth of Virginia, No. 9169

Most Recent Security Clearance Secret (provisional, 2002) Date of Initial Appointment to Old Dominion University September, 1967 Professional Chronology Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia Professor since 1976. Designated an Eminent Professor in 1982 and an Eminent Scholar in 1989. Associate Professor, 1970-1976 Assistant Professor, 1967-1970 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology National Research Council, Senior Resident Research Associate 19771979 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Visiting Distinguished Research Engineer, NASA Langley Research Center, 1992-1993 NASA-ASEE Fellow, NASA Langley Research Center, Summers 1968, 1969 Engineer, NASA Lewis (Glenn) Research Center, Summer 1963. Administrative Experience 2004-2010 2002- 2004 Associate Vice President for Research and Economic Development, Old Dominion University. Interim Vice President for Research, Old Dominion University. Established office of Vice President for Research. Research expenditures exceeded $35 million in 2004. Achieved Top American Research University status in 2003, when federal annual research expenditures exceeded $20 million. Five-year average research expenditure growth rate was 11.9%.

2001-2002 1995-1999

Established a Special Research Initiative Fund. Obtained more than $4 million in federal earmarks. Interim Associate Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies Associate Vice President for Research, Economic Development and Graduate Studies, Old Dominion University. Led successful Commonwealth budget initiative to creating the Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center. Facilitated activation of The Virginia Commercial Space Flight Authority (Now the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport), helping protect NASA Wallops Flight Facility from threatened closing. Facilitated the Space Act Agreement to transfer operation of the Langley Full Scale Wind Tunnel to Old Dominion University Established Graduate Assistant Teaching Excellence Awards. Successfully orchestrated ODUs first $1 million research earmark, for tributyl tin detection and treatment in ship dry dock operations.

1984-1993 Chairman, Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Department, Old Dominion University. Department consisted of 21 full-time faculty, five staff, approximately 400 undergraduate students and 150 graduate students. Offering B.S.M.E., as well as M.S., M.E. and Ph.D. degrees in mechanical engineering and engineering mechanics. Funded research volume exceeded $2.0 million per year after 1988. Department graduated seven Ph.D.'s per year from 1989 until 1993. Department was one of the top three providers of articles to the AIAA Journal, between 1990 and 1993. Produced University's first NSF Presidential Young Investigator in 1985. Designated NASA/USRA Center for Advanced Space System Design in 1986. Authored Old Dominion's part of the successful Virginia Space Grant Proposal to NASA in 1989. 1983-84 Acting Dean of Engineering, Old Dominion University. The College of Engineering consisted of three engineering departments (civil, electrical, and mechanical) and engineering technology. The college had 54 full-time faculty members and approximately 1800 full-time undergraduate and graduate students. Successfully started a graduate Engineering Management Department in 1984, hiring its first chairman. Recruited a chairman for Civil Engineering Accelerated a $3.7 million engineering building addition from the state-planning phase to budgeted and bid.

Consulting Experience

I have consulted on a variety of litigation cases (averaging less than one case per year). I have also consulted for: Gilbarco Corporation (gas station pump manufacturer), Clark, Nexsen, Owen, Barbieri and Gibson (consulting engineers), Mercer University (forming an engineering school), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA, SAIC (space systems) and the Navy (flow induced vibrations). Scientific and Professional Societies Membership and Activities National National Research Council, Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board and Space Studies Board Panel to review the systems and technology capability roadmaps being developed by NASA Headquarters in support of the Vision for Space Exploration, 2005-2006 National Research Council, Space Studies Board Committee on Microgravity Research, 1996-1999 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Associate Fellow Atmospheric Environment Technical Committee 1995-2001 Thermophysics Technical Committee, 1995-1998 Space Resources Technical Committee, 2009American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Member Faculty Advisor, ODU Student Chapter 1980-1981 American Society for Engineering Education, Member National Society of Professional Engineers, Member Chairman, Scholarship Committee, Virginia Society of Professional Engineers, Tidewater Chapter, 1989-1990 Society for Natural Philosophy Society of Automotive Engineers, Member Regional Cofounder and Member, Cooperating Hampton Roads Organizations for Minorities in Engineering (CHROME). Founded in 1983, affiliated with NACME and SECME, involving 26 school districts. Engineer's Club of Hampton Roads Educational Foundation 1970-1977, 1990-1994 Board of Directors 1987-1993 Secretary-Treasurer 1988-1989 Vice President 1989-1990 President Elect 1990-1991 President 1991-1992 Advisory Boards City of Norfolk, Energy Task Force, 1980-1982 NASA/DOD Working Group on Manned Mars Missions, 1985-1986 Board of Advisors, NASA Center for the Utilization of Local Planetary Resources, University of Arizona, 1988-1994 (Chairman, 1993-1994) Advisory Committee, Virginia Space Grant Consortium, 1989-2008 Chairman of Advisory Council, 1992-1995 Board of Trustees, Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA), 1995-1999,

2000-2004. (SURA Audit and Finance Committee, 2000-2004) Board of Trustees, Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), 1999-2005 (ORAU Audit and Finance Committee, 1999-2005) Governors Aerospace Advisory Council, 2008-present

Courses Taught During Last 5 Years Applied Engineering Analysis, Spring 2008 Continuum Mechanics, Fall 2009 High Performance Piston Engines, Spring 2005, Fall 2007, Fall 2009 Turbulence Modeling, Fall 2005, Fall 2009 Hypersonic Flow, Fall 2007 Introduction to Engineering, Spring 2006, 2007, Fall 2007 Space Systems Engineering, Spring 2006, Fall 2008, Spring 2010 Honors and Awards Charles T. Main Award of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1963 Who's Who in Engineering NASA Group Achievement Award (Turbulent Drag Reduction) 1983 (Student Balloon Flight Program) 1996 NASA Tech Briefs (1977, 1980, 1983, 1995) Professional Engineer of the Year in Tidewater, Virginia 1990 Pletta Medal, presented by the Virginia Society of Professional Engineers to the Outstanding Engineering Faculty Member in Virginia 1993. Outstanding Faculty Awards at Old Dominion University Outstanding Engineering Faculty Award: 1970 and 1972 (award no longer given) Outstanding Mechanical Engineering Faculty Award: 1972, 1975, 1980, 1982 and 1989. Honor Societies: Phi Kappa Phi, Pi Tau Sigma, Sigma Tau, Sigma Xi, Tau Beta Pi Major Service Activities Noteworthy Service to Old Dominion University Subcommittee Chair (Research and Graduate Studies) for Southern Association of Colleges and Schools reaccredidation,1999-2001 Faculty Senate 1969-70, 1994-95 Associate Vice President for Research, Search Committee, 1976 Vice President for Academic Affairs, Search Committee, 1979-1980 Vice President for Academic Affairs, Search Committee (Chair), 1982-1983 University Tenure and Promotion Committee, 1971-76, 1979-81, 1994-95 Faculty Grievance Committee (Chair), 1982-1983 Community Service Norfolk Rotary Club Board of Directors, 1988-1995, 2001-2002 Sergeant-at-arms, 1989-1990 Secretary-Treasurer 1990-1991 Vice President 1991-1992 President Elect 1992-1993 President 1993-1994

PATENTS Method for predicting the sound signatures of tornadoes, aircraft wake vortices and other fluid flows, Provisional Patent Application Number: 61562611 (Confirmation Number 4429), filed 22 November 2011. SCHOLARLY ACTIVITIES COMPLETED Books and Book Chapters
Viskanta, R., et al, Microgravity Research in Support of Technologies for the Human Exploration and Development of Space and Planetary Bodies, Space Studies Board, National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 2000. Ash, R.L. and M. R. Khorrami, "Vortex Stability," in Fluid Vortices, edited by S. I. Green, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Chapter VIII, pgs. 317-372, 1995.

Journal Articles
Ash, R.L., I.R. Zardadkhan and M. Abuharaz, A physics-based velocity and pressure distribution model for large-scale axial vortices incorporating non-equilibrium pressure, submitted to Journal of Atmospheric Science, Jan. 2013. Ash, R.L. and I.R. Zardadkhan, Non-equilibrium pressure control of the height of a large-scale, groundcoupled, rotating fluid column, submitted to Physics of Fluids, November 2012. Ash, R.L., I. Zardadkhan, and A.J. Zuckerwar, The influence of pressure relaxation on the structure o f an axial vortex, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 23, 073101, (12 pages), July 2011. Zuckerwar, A.J., and R.L. Ash, Volume viscosity in fluids with multiple dissipative processes, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 21, 033105 (12 pages), March 2009. Zuckerwar, A.J., and R.L. Ash, Response to Comment by Markus Scholle on the article: Variational approach to the volume viscosity of fluids, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 18, 109102 (3 pages) October 2006. Zuckerwar, A. J. and R.L. Ash, Variational approach to the volume viscosity of fluids, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 18, 047101 (10 pages), April 2006. Kochersberger, K., R.L. Ash, C.P. Britcher and D. Landman, An Evaluation of the Wright 1901 Glider using Full-Scale Wind Tunnel Data, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 40, No. 3., pp. 417-424, 2003. Miley, S.J., R.L. Ash, K.W. Hyde, D. Landman, and A.K.Sparks, Propeller Performance Tests of Wright Brothers Bent End Propellers, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 234-241, 2002. Landman, D., S. Blackburn, R.L. Ash, and K.W. Hyde, Wind Tunnel Testing of the Wright Brothers Model B Airfoil, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 30-36, 2002. Sparks, A.K. and R.L. Ash, Only the Wright Stuff!, AIAA Student Journal, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 6-9,

2001. Ash, R. L. and Z. C. Zheng, "Numerical Simulations of Commercial Aircraft Wakes Subjected to Airport Surface Weather Conditions," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 35, pp 18-26, 1998. Wu, D., R. A. Outlaw and R. L. Ash, "Extraction of Oxygen from CO2 Using Glow-Discharge and Permeation Techniques," Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, Vol. 14. pp 408-414, 1996. Zheng, Z. C. and R. L. Ash, "A Study of Aircraft Wake Vortex Behavior near the Ground," AIAA Journal, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 580-589, 1996. Ash, R. L., D. Wu and R. A. Outlaw, "A Study of Glow-Discharge and Permeation Techniques for Extraterrestrial Oxygen Beneficiation," Advances in Space Research, Vol. 14, No. 6, pp. 259-263, 1994. Wu, D., R. A. Outlaw and R. L. Ash, "Glow-Discharge Enhanced Permeation of Oxygen through Silver," Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 74, No. 8, pp. 4990-4994, 1993. Ash, R. L., P. J. O'Donoghue, E. J. Chambers and J. P. Raney, "A Methodology for Selective Removal of Orbital Debris," 43rd World Space Congress, Washington, D.C., COSPAR Paper, September 1992, Advances in Space Research, Vol. 13, No. 8, pp. 243-247, 1993. Huang, J.-K.., M.-T. Ho, and R. L. Ash, "Expert Systems for Automated Maintenance of a Mars Oxygen Production System," Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 29, No.4, pp. 425-431, 1992. Bandyopadhyay, P. R., J. E. Riester, Jr. and R. L. Ash, "Helical-Perturbation Device for Cylinder-Wing Vortex Generators," AIAA Journal, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 988-992, 1992. Bandyopadhyay, P. R., D. J. Stead and R. L. Ash, "Organized Nature of a Turbulent Trailing Vortex," AIAA Journal, Vol. 29, No. 10, pp. 1627-1633, 1991. Albertson, C. W. and R. L. Ash, "Compressible Equilibrium Turbulent Boundary Layers at Nonadiabatic Wall Conditions," AIAA Journal, Vol.29, No.10, pp. 1573-1580, 1991. Spall, R. E., T. B. Gatski and R. L. Ash, "The Structure and Dynamics of Bubble-type Vortex Breakdown," Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Vol. 429, pp. 613-637, 1990. Ramohalli, K. N., E. A. Lawton and R. L. Ash, "Recent Concepts in Missions to Mars: Extraterrestrial processes," Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 5, pp. 181-187, 1989. Khorrami, M. R., M. R. Malik, and R. L. Ash, "Application of Spectral Collocation Techniques to the Stability of Swirling Flows," Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 81, pp. 206-229, 1989. Daryabeigi, K., R. L. Ash and L. A. Dillon-Townes, "Influence of Ventilated Shrouds on the Convection Heat Transfer to a Circular Cylinder," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 30, No. 8, pp. 1685-1692, 1987. Ramohalli, K. N., W. L. Dowler, J. R. French, and R. L. Ash, "Novel Extraterrestrial Processing for Space Propulsion", Acta Astronautica, Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 259-273, 1987. Ramohalli, K., W. Dowler, J. French and R. L. Ash, "Some Aspects of Space Propulsion with

Extraterrestrial Resources," Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp 236-244, May-June 1987. Lin, J. C. and R. L. Ash, "Wall Temperature Control of Low-Speed Body Drag, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 93-94, 1986. Pandey, D. K., L. A. Dillon-Townes, and R. L. Ash, "Response Time Correlations for Platinum Resistance Thermometers," ISA Transactions, Vol. 31, pp. 587-597, May 1985. Cuda, V. Jr. and R. L. Ash, "Development of a Uniaxial Ice Tensile Specimen for Low Temperature Testing," Cold Regions Science and Technology, Vol. 9, pp. 47-52, 1984. Ash, R. L., M. L. Stancati, J. C. Niehoff and V. Cuda, Jr., "Outer Planet Satellite Return Missions Using In Situ Propellant Production," XXXI Congress, International Astronautical Federation, Tokyo, Japan, Sept., 21-28, 1980, IAF Paper No. 80G-296. Acta Astronautic, Vol. 8, pp 511-526, 1981. (Acknowledged by Arthur C. Clarke in 2010, Odyssey II) Wilkins, C. A. and R. L. Ash, "An Apparatus for Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Cast Insulation Materials," Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 51, No. 7, pp. 998-1000, July 1980. Ash, R. L., W. L. Dowler and G. Varsi, "Feasibility of Rocket Propellant Production on Mars," Acta Astronautica, Vol. 5, pp. 705-724, 1978. Bushnell, D. M., J. N. Hefner and R. L. Ash, "Effect of Compliant Wall Motion on Turbulent Boundary Layers," presented at the I.U.T.A.M. Symposium on Structure of Turbulence and Drag Reduction, June 7-11, 1976, Washington, D.C., Physics of Fluids, Vol. 20, No. 10, Part II, pp. S31-S58, 1977. Drummond, J. P., R. A. Jones and R. L. Ash, "Effective Thermal Property Improves Phase Change Paint Data," AIAA Journal, Vol. 14, No. 10, pp. 1476-1478, 1976. Weinstein, L. M., M. C. Fischer and R. L. Ash, "Experimental Verification of Turbulent Skin Friction Reduction with Compliant Walls," AIAA Journal, Vol. 13, No. 7, pp. 956-958, 1975. Ash, R. L. and G. R. Crossman, "Influence of Temperature Dependent Properties on a Step-Heated Semi-Infinite Solid," Trans. ASME, Series C, Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 93, pp. 250-253, 1971. Ash, R. L., W. T. Weller and R. E. Wright, Jr., "Sources of Error in Vacuum Calibration of Heat Flux Sensors," Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 41, No. 7, pp. 1112-1114, 1970. Ash, R. L. and J. H. Heinbockel, "Note on Heat Transfer in Laminar, Fully Developed Pipe Flow with Axial Conduction," Zeitschrift fur Angewandt Mathematik und Physik, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 266-269, 1970. Ash, R. L., "An Analysis of the Response Characteristics of Thin Foil Heat Flux Sensors," AIAA Journal, Vol. 7, No. 12, pp. 2332-2335, 1969.

Published Proceedings
Perry, C.C. and R.L. Ash, Indigenous carbon dioxide as a propellant for Mars surface probes,

Proceedings of the 8th International Planetary Probe Workshop, Portsmouth, VA, June 6-10, 2011. Zheng, Z. C., R. L. Ash and G. C. Greene, "A Study of the Influence of Cross Flow on the Behavior of Aircraft Wake Vortices near the Ground" Proceedings of the 19th Congress of the International Council on the Aeronautical Sciences, Anaheim, CA, Vol. 2, pp. 1649-1659, Sept. 1994. Zheng, Z. and R. L. Ash, "Prediction of Turbulent Wake Vortex Motion Near the Ground" ASME Fluids Engineering Conference, Washington, D.C., Transitional and Turbulent Compressible Flows, edited by L. D. Kral and T. A. Zang, ASME FED vol. 151, pp. 195-207, June 1993. Ash, R. L., D. Wu and R. A. Outlaw, "A Study of Glow-Discharge and Permeation Techniques to Separate Oxygen from Martian Atmosphere," World Space Congress, Washington, D.C., COSPAR Paper No. E.4-5.4.05X, September 1992. Zheng, Z. and R. L. Ash, "Viscous Effects on a Vortex Wake in Ground Effect" Proceedings of the Federal Aviation Administration International Wake Vortex Symposium, Washington, D.C., Oct.1991, pp. 31-1 to 31-30, June 1992. Puram, C. K. and R. L. Ash, "An Experimental Study of an Axisymmetric Turbulent Boundary Layer Perturbed by a Periodic Free Stream," Forum on Unsteady Flow-1990, edited by P. H. Rothe, ASME Special Publication, FED-Vol. 102, pp. 53-56, 1990 Turner, T. L. and R. L. Ash, "Analysis of the Thermal Environment and Thermal Response Associated with Thermal-Acoustic Testing," Proceedings of the AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 31st Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Long Beach, CA, April 1990, pp. 824-830, 1990. Ash, R. L. and D. J. Stead, "Influence of Free Stream Turbulence on a Trailing Line Vortex," Proceedings of the Third International Congress of Fluid Mechanics , Cairo, Egypt, Vol. 1, pp. 345-358, Jan. 1990. Ash, R. L., J. A. Werne and M. B. Haywood, "Design of a Mars Oxygen Processor," The Case for Mars III, edited by C. Stoker, AAS Science and Technology Series, Vol. 75, pp 479-487, 1989. Daryabeigi, K., R. L. Ash and M. P. Etheridge, "The Influence of Slotted Shrouds on Convective Heat Transfer to an Inner Circular Cylinder," in Symposium on Fundamentals of Forced Convective Heat Transfer, edited by M. A. Ebadian and J. L. S. Chen, A.S.M.E. Special Publication HTD-Vol. 101, pp. 147-152, 1988. Ash, R. L., M. A. Wiseman and C. C. Jackson, "Radiator Design Considerations for Martian Surface Applications" in Radiation, Phase Change Heat Transfer, and Thermal Systems, edited by Y. Jaluria et al, A.S.M.E. Special Publication HTD-Vol. 81, pp. 85-94, 1987. Ash, R. L., "Chemical Production Using In Situ Propellant Production Technology." Proceedings of the NASA, Los Alamos Manned Mars Mission Workshop, Huntsville, AL, June 1985, pp. 377-385, 1986. Wall, R. H., P. Tcheng and R. L. Ash, "The Development of a Microcomputer Controlled, Linearly Actuated Valve Assembly," 25th International Symposium on Applications of Microcomputers, New York, N.Y., Oct. 22-24, pp. 1-4, 1984. Wilkinson, S. P., R. L. Ash and L. M. Weinstein, "Hybrid Suction Surface for Turbulent Boundary Layer

Flow," Viscous Flow Drag Reduction, edited by D.M. Bushnell and J. N. Hefner, Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol. 72, pp. 233-248, 1984.

Progress in

Stancati, M. L., J. C. Niehoff, W. C. Wells, H. Feingold and R. L. Ash, "In Situ Propellant Production for Improved Sample Return Mission Performance," AAS/AIAA Astronautics Conference, Provincetown, Mass., June 25-27, 1979, AAS Paper No. 79-177. Astrodynamics 1979, Vol. 40, Advances in the Astronautical Sciences, pp. 909-921, 1980. Balasubramanian, R. K., A. M. Cary, D. M. Bushnell and R. L. Ash, "Influence of Transverse Surface Waves on a Turbulent Boundary Layer," 5th Biennial Symposium on Turbulence in Liquids, Rolla, Missouri, pp. 141-153, Oct. 1977. Bushnell, D. M., J. N. Hefner and R. L. Ash, "Effect of Compliant Wall Motion on Turbulent Boundary Layers," Special Course on Concepts for Drag Reduction, Rhode-St..-Genese, Belgium, AGARD Report No. 654, pp. 9-1 to 9-26, June 1977. Ash, R. L., D. M. Bushnell, L. M. Weinstein and R. Balasubramanian, "Compliant Wall Surface Motion and Its Effect on the Structure of a Turbulent Boundary Layer," 4th Biennial Symposium on Turbulence in Liquids, Rolla, Missouri, pp. 220-243, Sept. 1975. Pesko, R. N., R. L. Ash, S. G. Cupschalk and E. F. Germain, "Theory and Performance of Plated Thermocouples," Temperature: Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry , Instrument Society of America, Vol. 4, Part 3, pp. 2009-2015, 1972. Ash, R. L., G. R. Crossman and R. V. Chitnis, "Catalytic Considerations in Temperature Measurement," Temperature: Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry, Instrument Society of America, Vol. 4, Part 3, pp. 1663-1670, 1972.

Magazine Article Ash, R.L., C.P. Britcher and K.W. Hyde, Prop Wright, Mechanical Engineering Magazine, 100 Years of Flight, Special Publication, pp. 11-15, pg. 39, November-December, 2003. Referable National or International Conference Papers
Hancock, S. and R.L. Ash, A surface-based Mars MET Balloon precursor campaign for accelerating Mars surface exploration, to be presented at the AIAA Balloon Systems Conference, Daytona Beach, FL, March 25-28, 2013. Lokcu, E. and R.L. Ash, A de-orbit system design for CubeSat payloads, presented at Recent Advances in Space Technologies, RAST 2011, Istanbul, Turkey, June 10, 2011. Ash, R.L., W.L. Dowler and G. Varsi, A Fixed Mars ISRU Base for Accelerated Exploration, Presented at the AIAA Space 2009 Conference and Exposition, Pasadena, CA, September 14-17, 2009, AIAA Paper No. 2009-6555, 2009 Blass, E., B. McJunkin, S. Potter and R.L. Ash, Mars CO2 Powered ISRU Propulsion System, to be presented at the AIAA Space 2009 Conference and Exposition, Pasadena, CA, September 14-17, 2009, AIAA Paper No. 2009-6553, 2009

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Shetty, S., Song, M., Ash, R.L., Ancel, E. and Bone, K., Wireless Sensor Payload Design for Sounding Rocket, Proceedings of the International Society for Computers and their Applications 22 nd International Conference on Computers and the Applications, Honolulu, pp. 295-300, March 2007. Britcher, C.P., Landman, D., Ash, R.L., Kochersberger, K., and Hyde, K.W., An Analysis of the Flight Performance of the 1903 Flyer based on Full-Scale Wind Tunnel Data Presented at the AIAA 42nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, NV, Jan. 2004. AIAA Paper No. 2004-0104. Ash, R.L., Bobbitt, P.J., and Hyde, K.W., A Combined Numerical and Experimental Investi-gation of the Wright Brothers Propeller Designs between 1903 and 1911 Presented at the AIAA 41 st Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, NV, Jan. 2003. AIAA Paper No. 2003-0098. Kochersberger, K., Landman, D., Ash, R.L., Player, J. and Hyde, K.W., An Evaluation of the Wright 1902 Glider Using Full Scale Wind Tunnel Data Presented at the AIAA 41 st Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, NV, Jan. 2003. AIAA Paper No. 2003-0096. Kochersberger, K., Ash, R.L., Britcher, C.P., Landman, D., and Sandusky, R. R., Jr., An Evaluation of the Wright 1901 Glider Using Full Scale Wind Tunnel Data, presented at the 40 th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, NV, 2002. AIAA Paper No. 2002-1134. Ash, R.L., Miley, S.J., Landman, D., and Hyde, K.W., "Wilbur and Orville Wright and the Evolution of Efficient Aircraft Propellers", presented at the 2001 International American Society of Mechanical Engineering Congress, New York, NY, November 14, 2001. Britcher, C.P., Ash, R.L., and Hyde, K. W., "Analysis of Wright Flyer Flight Number 4, December 17, 1903", presented at the International Flight Symposium: They Taught the World to Fly: The Wright Brothers and the Age of Flight, Raleigh NC, Oct. 24, 2001. Ash, R.L., Miley, S.J., Landman, D., and Hyde, K.W., "Evolution of Wright Flyer Propellers between 1903 and 1912", Presented at the 39th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, NV, Jan. 2001. AIAA Paper No. 2001-0309. Landman, D., Alverez, J., Blackburn, S. and Ash, R.L., "Wind Tunnel Testing of the Wright Brothers Model B Airfoil", Presented at the 39th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, NV, January 2001. AIAA Paper No. 2001-0310. Ash, R.L., Miley, S.J., Hyde, K.W. and Landman, D., Propeller Performance of Wright Brothers Bent End Propellers, Presented at the 36th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Huntsville, AL, July 2000. AIAA Paper No. 2000-3152. Vuskovic, L., R. L. Ash, Z. Shi, S. Popovic and T. Dinh, "Radio-Frequency-Discharge Reaction Cell for Oxygen Extraction from Martian Atmosphere," Presented at the 27th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Lake Tahoe, NV, July 1997. SAE Paper No. 972499. Shi, Z., D. Wu and R.L.Ash, "An Investigation of Radio Frequency Enhanced Glow Discharge Production of Oxygen from Carbon Dioxide," Presented at the 26th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA, July 1996. SAE Paper No. 961598. Ash, R. L., and Z. C. Zheng, "Numerical Simulation of Commercial Aircraft Wakes Subjected to Airport

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Surface Weather Conditions," Presented at the 34th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, NV, Jan. 1996. AIAA Paper No. 96-0660. Ash, R. L., G. C. Greene and A. J. Zuckerwar, "The Connection between Bulk Viscosity, Stokes' Hypothesis and Molecular Relaxation in Air," Presented at the 12th US National Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Seattle, WA, July 1994. Ash, R. L., Z. C. Zheng and G. C. Greene, "Cross Wind Effects on Turbulent Aircraft Wake Vortices near the Ground," Presented at the 25th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference, Colorado Springs, CO, June 1994. AIAA Paper No. 94-2381. Wu, D., R. L. Ash and R. A. Outlaw, "Glow Discharge Techniques for the Production and Acquisition of Oxygen From the Martian Atmosphere," Presented at the 14th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Friedrichshafen, Germany, June 1994. SAE Paper No. 941254. Zuckerwar, A. J. and R. L. Ash, "New Constitutive Equation for the Volume Viscosity in Fluids," Presented at the 127th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Cambridge, MA, June 1994. Also NASA TM 109104. Wu, D., R. L. Ash and R. A. Outlaw, "Extraction of Oxygen from Mars Atmosphere using Glow Discharge and Permeation Techniques," AIAA/SAE/ASME/ASEE 29th Joint Propulsion Conference, Monterey, CA, June 1993. (ASME Propulsion Division, Best Paper Award for 1993) AIAA Paper No. 93-2243. Ash, R. L., J. E. Riester, Jr. and P. Bandyopadhyay, "A Device for Introducing Helical Perturbations into a Trailing Line Vortex," presented at the AIAA 21st Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics and Lasers Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1990. AIAA Paper No. 90-1627. Bandyopadhyay, P. R., D. J. Stead and R. L. Ash, "The Organized Nature of a Turbulent Trailing Line Vortex," presented at the AIAA 21st Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics and Lasers Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1990. AIAA Paper No. 90-1625. Albertson, C. and R. L. Ash, "Evaluation of Equilibrium Turbulence for a Naturally Developing Hypersonic Boundary Layer at Non-Adiabatic Wall Conditions," presented at the AIAA 16th Aerodynamic Ground Testing Conference, Seattle, WA, June 1990. AIAA Paper No. 90-1410. Huang, J.-K., Y.-H. Wei, R. L. Ash and M.-T. Ho, "An Expert Systems Approach to Automated Maintenance for a Mars Oxygen Production System," Presented at the SAE/ASME/AIAA/ASMA/AIChE 18th Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems, San Francisco, July 1988. AIAA Paper No. 88-1056. Ramohalli, K., R. L. Ash, W. L. Dowler, J. R. French, R. Frisbee and E. Lawton, "Recent Concepts in Missions to Mars: Extraterrestrial Processes," presented at the 37 th Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, Innsbruck, Austria, October 1986. IAF Paper No. 86-154. Ash, R. L., J.-K. Huang, P. B. Johnson and W. E. Sivertson Jr., "Elements of Oxygen Production Systems Using Martian Atmosphere," 22nd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Huntsville, Alabama, October 1986. AIAA Paper No. 86-1586. Daryabeigi, K., L. A. Dillon-Townes, and R. L. Ash, "Thermal Sensing of Cryogenic Wind Tunnel

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Model Surfaces: Evaluation of Silicon Diodes," presented at the 32 nd Instrument Society of America, International Symposium, Seattle, Wash., May 1986. ISA Paper No. 523. Ramohalli, K., Dowler, W. L., French, J. R., and Ash, R. L., "Novel Extraterrestrial Processing for Space Propulsion," presented at the 36th Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, Stockholm, Sweden, October 1985. IAF Paper No. 85-166. Daryabeigi, K., E. F. Germain, and R. L. Ash, "Measurement of Convective Heat Transfer to Solid Cylinders Inside Ventilated Shrouds." Presented at AIAA 19th Thermodynamics Conference, Snowmass, Colorado, June 1984. AIAA Paper No. 84-1725. Ash, R. L., and M. R. Khorrami, "Simulation of Turbulent Wall Pressure Fluctuations for Flexible Surface Response Studies," presented at the AIAA 21st Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, Nevada, Jan. 1983. AIAA Paper No. 83-0292. Ash, R. L., R. Richter, W. L. Dowler, J. A. Hanson, and C. W. Uphoff, "Autonomous Oxygen Production for a Mars Return Vehicle," presented at the XXXIII Congress, International Astronautical Federation, Paris, France, Sept. 1982. IAF Paper No. 82-210. Buckingham, A. C., R. C. Chun, R. L. Ash and M. R. Khorrami, "Compliant Material Coating Response to a Turbulent Boundary Layer, presented at the AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics, Fluids, Plasma and Heat Transfer Conference, St. Louis, Mo., June 1982. AIAA Paper No. 82-1027. Frisbee, R. H., C. A. Wilkins, and R. L. Ash, "An Improved Technique for Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Cast Materials," presented at the AIAA/SAE/ASME 16th Propulsion Conference, 1980, Hartford, Conn., June 1982. AIAA Paper No. 80-1103. Richter, R., R. L. Ash and W. L. Dowler, "Oxygen Production for Interplanetary Return Missions," presented at the JANNAF Propulsion Conference, Monterey, CA, March 1980. Stancati, M. L., J. C. Niehoff, W. C. Wells and R. L. Ash, "Remote Automated Propellant Production: A New Potential for Round Trip Spacecraft," presented at the AIAA Conference on Advanced Technology for Future Space Systems, NASA-Langley Research Center, May 1979. AIAA Paper No. 79-0906. Ash, R. L., "Balloon Concepts for Scientific Investigation of Mars and Jupiter," presented at the AIAA 6th Aerodynamic Decelerator and Balloon Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, March 1979. AIAA Paper No. 79-0419. Ash, R. L. and R. K. Balasubramanian, "Resonance Phenomena Due to Turbulent Boundary Layer Excitation of Elastic Surfaces," presented at the ASCE National Water Resources and Ocean Engineering Meeting, San Diego, California, April 1976. A.S.C.E. Preprint 2726. Fischer, M. C., L. M. Weinstein, R. L. Ash and D. M. Bushnell, "Compliant Wall Turbulent Skin Friction Reduction Research," presented at the AIAA 8th Fluid Plasma Dynamics Conference, Hartford, Connecticut, June 1975. AIAA Paper No 75-833. Ash, R. L. and R. E. Wright, Jr., "Design Considerations for Gardon Heat Flux Sensors," presented at the AIAA 6th Thermophysics Conference, Tullahoma, Tenn., April 1971. AIAA Paper No. 71-740.

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Refereed NASA Publications

Turner, T. L. and R. L. Ash, "Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Heat Flux Produced on a Plane by Quartz Heating Systems," NASA Technical Publication, NASA TP-3387, Jan. 1993. Daryabeigi, K. and R. L. Ash, "Convective Heat Transfer from Circular Cylinders Located within Perforated Cylindrical Shrouds, NASA Contractor Report, NASA CR-4005, August 1986. Ash, R. L., "Simulation of Turbulent Wall Pressure," NASA Contractor Report, NASA CR-2958, May 1978. Ash, R. L., "On the Theory of Compliant Wall Drag Reduction in Turbulent Boundary Layers, "NASA Contractor Report, NASA CR-2387, April 1974. Fischer, M. C. and R. L. Ash, "A General Review of Concepts for Reducing Skin Friction, Including Recommendations for Future Studies," NASA Technical Memorandum, NASA TM X-2894, March 1974.

Speeches on the Wright brothers technical achievementsa University of Arizona Kansas State University Princeton University Royal Thai Air Force Academy (Bangkok) University of Virginia West Virginia University AirVenture 2003 (EAA, Oshkosh, WI Annual Fly In) SAE meeting, Engineers Club of Dayton, OH Kitty Hawk, NC (Lectures and News Conference, during Centennial of Flight, Dec. 2003) Ohio Aerospace Institute (Joint meeting of SAE and AIAA) Virginia Air and Space Center (Sigma Lecture and NASA Materials Conference) Virginia Association of Science Teachers (keynote speech) Carolina Section of SAE, Charleston, SC
a

Also appeared in two Discovery Channel HDTV programs: Wright Brothers: First in Flight, first aired September, 2003 and Return to Kitty Hawk: 100 Years of Flight, first aired December 17, 2003. Both programs have continued to be broadcast intermittently. Recent Invited Lectures Mars exploration from a fixed baseA driver for Heavy Entry Descent and Landing Capabilities, Invited Presentation, 2011 Thermal and Fluids Analysis Workshop, Newport News, VA, August 15-19, 2011.

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Funded Research: Brief Title Thermocouple Research Catalytic Effects in Thermocouples Thermal Radiation Simulation Compliant Wall Drag Reduction Pressure-Boundary Layer Interaction In Situ Propellant Production Vorticular Structure/Drag Reduction Turbulent Wall Pressure Simulation Vortex Stability Smart Pressure Sensors Hypersonic Wind Tunnel Heat Exchanger Temperature Sensor Research Advanced Space System Design Mars Oxygen Processor Tethered Satellite Instrumentation Numerical Nozzle Plume Study Vortex Wake Modeling Mars Oxygen Separation Transonic Hot Wire Measurements Mass Flow Meter Research Supersonic Transition Experiment Wright Flyer Testing Program Maglev Demonstrable Engineering Prototype project Undergraduate Sounding Rocket Project Status PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PI Sponsor NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA JPL NASA ONR NASA NASA NASA NASA USRA Planetary Society NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA Teledyne Corp. NASA NASA Federal Railroad Admin. Innovative Business Solutions, Inc. MIST Duration 70 -71 1971 71 - '72 72 -77 79 - 80 80 - 84 81 - 85 81 - 84 84 - 92 85 - 90 85 -86 85 - 88 86 - 95 86 - 88 1988 89 - 92 89 -96 90 - 96 93 - 94 1994 1995 2000-2002 2003-2005 Funding Level 12,000 5,000 10,000 101,000 20,000 147,000 84,000 81,000 810,000 212,000 15,000 56,000 200,000 40,000 12,000 90,000 531,000 255,000 35,000 10,000 110,000 175,000 1,987,000

PI

2004-2006

25,000

Low-cost Wireless Spacecraft Bus

PI

2006-2007

345,000

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Rolling Road Module Total Funding Masters Theses:

PI

IALR/NASA

2006-2009

923,000 6,288,000

"Method for Improving the Accuracy in Phase Change Heat Transfer Data Through Increased Precision in Thermophysical Property Determinations," by J. P. Drummond, April 1975. "An Experimental Investigation of a Cold Jet with Solid Centerbody Emitting from a Flat Plate into a Subsonic Free Stream," by D. K. Livingston, April 1975. "Effect of Rod Gap Spacing on a Suction Panel for Laminar Flow and Noise Control in Supersonic Wind Tunnels," by W. D. Harvey, April 1975. "An Experimental Investigation of a Turbulent Boundary Layer with Suction through Closely Spaced Streamwise Slots," by Stephen P. Wilkinson, July 1978. "Effect of Transducer Size on the Statistical Properties of a Simulated Turbulent Wall Pressure Field," by Mehdi R. Khorrami, May 1983. "A Study of the Interface Between a Turbulent Boundary Layer and the Irrotational Free Stream," by Shih-Chao Lin, May 1983. "Effect of Wall Temperature Control on Low-Speed Axisymmetric Body Drag" by John C. Lin, Jan. 1985. "Convective Heat Transfer from Circular Cylinders Located within Perforated Cylindrical Shrouds," by Kamran Daryabeigi, May 1986. "Experimental Study of Pressure and Heating Rate on a Swept Cylindrical Leading Edge Resulting from Swept Shock Wave Interface" by Christopher E. Glass, May 1989. "Evaluation of Turbulent Equilibrium for a Hypersonic Boundary Layer at Non-Adiabatic Wall Conditions" by Cindy W. Albertson, June 1989. "Development of a Perturbation Generator for Vortex Stability Studies" by J. E. Riester, Jr., December 1990. "Simulation and Measurement of the Radiant Field Produced by Quartz Heating Systems" by Travis L. Turner, August 1991. "Characterization of Trailing Line Vortices," by Karla Mossi, August 1992. "Thermal Analyst's Help Desk: An Expert System" by Rachel A. Ormsby, May 1997.

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"Investigation of an Alternative Technique for Measuring Turbulence in the Upper Atmosphere" by Charles P. Leonard, August 1997. "A Comparison between Simulated and Measured Free-Flight Vortex Encounter Behavior in the NASA Langley Full Scale Wind Tunnel" by Robert A. Pfouts, August 1997. A Numerical Analysis of a Non-Porous, Flexible Upper Airfoil Surface by Asao Omura, June 2003. Inflatable Deorbit Device Design Considerations for CubeSats in Low Earth Orbit, Eser Lokcu, May 2010. Long term surface power generator design for Mars: Autonomously deployable photovoltaic solar arrays along with regenerative fuel cell modules, Omer Demirok, August 2011. A methodology to repair or deorbit LEO satellite constellations, Goksel Gurgenburan, August 2011. Study of the role of pressure relaxation in invsicid, incompressible flows, Jonathan Strzelec, December 2011. Balloon borne Mars research platforms, Sean Michael Hancock, December 2011. A fixed robotic Mars base architecture, Christie Angunette Alston, December 2011. Mars carbon dioxide propulsion, Christopher Cushman Perry, May 2012.

Dissertations: "Analysis of Moisture Absorption and Diffusion in Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Resin Matrix Composite Materials," by S. S. Tompkins, May 1978. (Retired from NASA) "An Investigation of Refractive Index of Solutions of Ammonia and Water at Various Concentrations and Temperatures," by Effendy Arif, April 1984. (Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Indonesia) "A Numerical Study of Three-Dimensional Vortex Breakdown," by Robert E. Spall, May 1987. (Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Utah State University) "Experimental Study of Shock Wave Interference Heating on a Cylindrical Leading Edge," by Allan R. Weiting, May 1987. (Retired. Former NASA Branch Head.)

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"Direct Simulation of Hypersonic Transitional Flows Over Blunt Slender Bodies," by Vincent Cuda Jr., August 1987. (Senior Researcher, ATK Space Division, Hampton, VA) "A Study of the Temporal Stability of Multiple-Cell Vortices," by Mehdi R. Khorrami, May 1989. (Aerospace Technologist, NASA Langley Research Center) "An Experimental Study of an Axisymmetric Turbulent Boundary Layer Disturbed by a Periodic Free Stream," Chithrabhanu Koodalattupuram, May 1990. (Consulting Engineer) "Runge-Kutta Upwind Multigrid, Multiblock, Three-Dimensional Thin Layer Navier-Stokes Solver," Frank E. Cannizzaro, August 1992. (Vice President of Operations, EMS Defense & Space, Norcross, GA) "Explicit Multistage Upwind Schemes for the Three-Dimensional Euler/Navier Stokes Equations," Alaa Elmiligui, December 1992. (Researcher, Analytical Services and Materials, Hampton, VA) "Influence of Reynolds Number and Atmospheric Effects on Aircraft Wake Vortices near the Ground" by Zhongquan Zheng, May 1993. (Professor of Aerospace Engineering, University of Kansas) "The Development of a Method to Extract High Purity Oxygen from the Martian Atmosphere" by Dongchuan Wu, August 1994. (Lost contact. Was a researcher with a vacuum equipment company outside of Washington, DC) The Influence of non-equilibrium pressure on rotating flows by Irfan R. Zardadkhan, August 2012 (Javelin Technologies, Oakville, ON, Canada)