Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
PRE INTERMEDIATE 1
PRESENT PERFECT DIALOG 1 Read the dialog below and say if the statements that follow are true or false: HAVE YOU EVER BEEN ABROAD BEFORE? Ana: Have you ever been abroad? Paul: Yes, I have been abroad several times. Ana: And which countries have you visited? Paul: Oh, well. Since Ireland became a member of the EU, I have tried to visit all the member countries. I have been To France and I have seen the Eiffel Tower. I have been to Portugal and I have walked to the furthest point west in Europe. Ana: Oh, that sounds really interesting. Have you visited all the member countries? Paul: I have been to them all except Denmark. I am planning to go next summer. Ana: I suppose you have spent a lot of time and money. Paul: Well, I havent actually. I live in a caravan so I just have to drive to all these countries. Petrol is expensive but its still cheaper than flying!!! ................................................................................................................................................ ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ) Ana asks Paul a general question about a possible experience in a foreign country he might have had without mentioning a specific point in time. ) Paul visited many different countries in the past. ) Ana wants to know which countries Paul has visited in his life until now. ) Paul hasnt stopped traveling to foreign countries until now. ) In the dialog, Paul used a specific point in time which is still connected to the present. ) Both Ana and Paul are more interested in talking about the actions than the time when these happened. ) Both Ana and Paul are talking about past actions which are still connected to the present. ) In the dialog, you cant find examples of actions which are totally finished.
DIALOG 2 Ben: Have you ever been to England? Mike: Yes, I have. Ben: How many times have you been there? Mike: Three times. Ben: When was the last time you went? Mike: About three months ago. Ben: Who did you go with? Mike: I went with my friend. Ben: How long did you stay for? Mike: For about 10 days. Ben: Would you like to go back someday? Mike: Definitely. The country is very beautiful and the people are very friendly too.
WHY DO YOU THINK BEN CHANGED THE TENSE OF THE 3RD QUESTION?
Analyze the pair of sentences below: I have lived in Edinburgh since 1999. X I lived in Edinburgh many years ago. I have lived in Edinburgh. X I lived in Edinburgh when I was a teenager.
I have lived in Chicago for four years. / I have studied English for a long time.
I have read that book many times. / I have seen a lot of changes around here.
Has she spoken to Sue this morning? X Did she speak to Sue this morning? Martin has crashed his car again. X Martin crashed his car last year. Hes been to Spain. X Hes gone to Spain.
JUST
It is used to talk about ________________________________________________________ A: Why is the kid crying? B: Her dog has just died. A: Would you like something to eat? B: No, thanks. I have just had lunch. A: Whats happening? B: I dont know. I have just arrived!
ALREADY
It is used to emphasize that ____________________________________________________ Brenda is only sixteen but she has already lived in many foreign countries. His new book came out last week but I have already finished reading it. A: Can you clean the windows, please? B: I have already cleaned them.
YET
We use YET with a negative verb to say __________________________________________ We use YET in questions to ask _________________________________________________ A: Whats in the newspaper today? B: I dont know. I havent read it yet. A: Can we go now? B: No. The movie hasnt finished yet. A: Has it stopped raining yet? B: No, its still raining. A: Have you graduated from college yet? B: No. This is my last term.
3. Complete the conversation using just, already or yet and the words in brackets.
Julia: Are you having a good time here? Anna: Yes, I haven't been here long, and I've already visited a lot of interesting places. (I / visit) Julia: 1 _________________________________________________________________ (you / visit / the Art Gallery /?) Anna: No, 2 _________________________________________________ (I / not / do / that), but I'm going to do it. Julia: What about the theatre? 3 _____________________________________________ (you / see / a play /?) Anna: No, but 4 _____________________________________________________________ (I / book / a ticket) for one. It's called The Friends. I rang the theatre five minutes ago. Would you like to come with me? Julia: Thanks, but 5___________________________________ (I / see / that play). I saw it last month. Anna: 6 __________________________________________________________ (I / read) in the newspaper that The Adventurers are giving a concert next week. Do you think it will be good? Julia: Yes. 7____________________________________________ (they / make) a really good, new record. It came out a couple of days ago. Anna: Will I be able to get a ticket? Julia: Yes. 8______________________________________________________________ (they / not / sell / all the tickets). But be quick! They're a very popular group.
4. Read the situations and then write sentences with just ( a short time ago); already (something happened sooner than expected) or yet (until now only questions and negatives). Example After lunch you go to see a friend at her house. She says `Would you like something to eat?' You say: No, thank you. Ive just had lunch. (have lunch) 1. Joe goes out. Five minutes later, the phone rings and the caller says `Can I speak to Joe?' You say: I'm afraid ___________________________________________________________(go out) 2. You are eating in a restaurant. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away. You say: Wait a minute! ____________________________________________________(not/finish)
3. You are going to a restaurant this evening. You phone to reserve a table. Later your friend says `Shall I phone to reserve a table?' You say: No, ________________________________________________________________it. (do) 4. You know that a friend of yours is looking for a job. Perhaps she has been successful. Ask her. You say: ___________________________________________________________________.? (find) 5. Ann went to the bank, but a few minutes ago she returned. Somebody asks `Is Ann still at the bank?' You say: No,____________________________________________________________(come back)
Sentences about some students at school. Its 8:30 now........The students havent started their lesson yet. Its 9:00 now....... The students have already started their first lesson. Its 10:45 now......The students have already had their breakfast. Its 11:30 now......The students havent eaten their lunch yet. Its 13:00 now......The students have already had lunch Its 16:15 now......The bell has just rung. The students have already left the classroom. Its 17:00 now......The students have just arrived home.
5. WRITE WHAT THESE PEOPLE HAVE JUST / ALREADY DONE OR WHAT THEY HAVENT DONE YET
He has just had a shower His hair is wet He hasnt dried his hair yet.
1-There is smoke in the room. ( someone ) _______________________________________ 2-His finger is bleeding. ( just ) _________________________________________________ 3-Your room looks tidy. ( clean ) ________________________________________________ 4-My mum is coming out of the kitchen. ( dinner ) __________________________________ 5-Its 6:30 p.m. ( my father / yet ) _______________________________________________ 6-Its 10:00 a.m. ( the students / yet ) ____________________________________________ 7-The children are starving. ( yet ) ______________________________________________ 8-His whisky bottle is empty. ( already ) __________________________________________ 9-They are leaving the restaurant. ( just ) _________________________________________ 10-The referee is blowing his whistle. ( just ) ______________________________________
11-Your room looks untidy. ( yet ) ______________________________________________ 12-Her eyes are red. ( just ) ___________________________________________________ 13-He is coming out of the library. ( just ) _________________________________________
6. Fill in the blanks with the right verb tense simple past or present perfect.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. John ____________________ (lived) in London for the past fifteen years. Brenda ____________________ (work) for Smith and Brothers before she came to work for us. Dad, ____________________(you/finish) reading the paper yet? I would love to visit New York sometime. Unfortunately, I ____________________(be/never) there. Peter _____________(play) Tennis for five years when he ____________(be) at school. I _________________(work) in Italy for 5 years. I ____________(begin) work as soon as I arrived. I'm not hungry. I ____________________(eat/already). When Jack was at school, he ________________(learn) to play the saxophone. Maria lives in Boston. Before she _____________(move)here, she _____________(live) in Seattle for 3 years. 10. Peter ______________(go) to Paris last year. That means that he _____________(be) to Paris 3 times! 11. How long _________________(you/live) there before coming here? 12. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never) _______________the ocean. He should come with us to Miami. 13. My best friend and I (know) ______________each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week. 14. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars?" B: I don't know. I (see, never) ______________that movie. 15. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) ______________the bus this morning. You (be) ________________late to work too many times. You are fired!
7. Ask questions for the answers below: Use Present perfect or simple past.
Question: __________________________________________________________________ Answer: Yes. Twice. Question: __________________________________________________________________ Answer: Since I was born. Question: __________________________________________________________________ Answer: For 25 years. Question: __________________________________________________________________ Answer: B: I met my best friend at university. Question: __________________________________________________________________ Answer: No, never. But I would like to do that someday.
9. Complete the sentences using just, already, yet, ever, for or since and the words in brackets. Use the right tense.
1. She __________ (be) unemployed _______ 2002. 2. My mother __________ (work) in this firm _______ 16 years. 3. _______ you __________ (think) of having a part-time job 4.I __________ (not/ see) Mary _______ her last birthday 5. He can go and watch TV. He __________ (do) his homework. 6. _______ Terry __________ (finish) her work _______?
11. Fill in the gaps with the right verb tense. MR. SEAN TOOTHLEY
Mr Sean Toothley is an incredibly very successful man. He ______________________(accomplish) a lot so far. For instance, he _____________________________(already, set up) ten new companies. This way, Sean ____________________________(give) work to 2000 people. Whats more, he ______________(sign) many good contracts with other companies lately. Thanks to his hard work he______________________(make) huge profits. His companies __________________(earn) large sums of money. As a result, all the workers _____________(receive) higher salaries. However, he _________________(not, think) of co-operating with companies from abroad yet. Mr Toothley ____________________(do) business only with those in his own country. Sean ______________________(have) some problems with his health since 2003. He ____________________(be) to the doctor a couple of times already. Thats why he _____________________(not, take) a holiday abroad for the last few years. His wife __________________(always, tell) him to quit smoking but he _____________________(never, listen). It is now obvious that cigarettes _____________________(ruin) his health. They ___________________(be) the main cause of a tumour in his lungs. He has promised to smoke less and less. His health ___________________(improve) a bit since then. It _______________(not, be) easy for him but his children __________________(always, remind) him that he should take care of health!
12. Complete the sentences, putting the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
Claire and her friend Melanie are talking about part-time jobs and school. Claire: Last year I __________ (decide) to stop studying. That __________ (not/ be) a very wise decision, you know. Melanie: ________________ (you/ not learn) anything at all since last year? Claire: Yes, I __________. I __________ (learn) to be patient and to save money. I __________ (save) a lot of money over the past few months. Melanie: Id like to drop out of school. Im not good enough Claire: Dont say that, Melanie. The school counsellor __________ (help) you a lot lately. There are many professional courses Im sure youll find one that is going to interest you. Melanie: Perhaps youre right. My parents and I __________ (talk) a lot about this lately. They __________ (tell) me again and again about the advantages of having a qualification. Every evening we talk about it. My parents _______________ (not/ make) the right decision when they were teenagers and now they regret it. Claire: __________ any jobs __________ (catch) your attention? Melanie: A couple of them. Yesterday my cousin __________ (try) to convince me to follow the same course she did.
COMPUTERS 13: Read the text below and fill in the gaps in the most appropriate verb tense: Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980's, technology (change)_______________ a great deal. The first computers (be) ___________________ simple machines designed for basic tasks. They (have, not) ______________ much memory and they (be, not)_______________ very powerful. Early computers were often quite expensive and customers often (pay) _______________ thousands of dollars for machines which actually (do) __________________ very little. Most computers (be) ___________________ separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or for playing games. Times (change) _________________. Computers (become) _______________ powerful machines with very practical applications. Programmers (create) _______________ a large selection of useful programs which do everything from teaching foreign languages to bookkeeping. We are still playing video games, but today's games (become) _______________ faster, more exciting interactive adventures. Many computer users (get, also) _______________ on the Internet and (begin) _______________ communicating with other computer users around the world. We (start) _______________ to create international communities online. In short, the simple, individual machines of the past (evolve) _______________ into an international World Wide Web of knowledge.
The End